Dosso

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Municipality of Dosso
Municipality of Dosso (Niger)
Municipality of Dosso
Municipality of Dosso
Coordinates 13 ° 3 '  N , 3 ° 12'  E Coordinates: 13 ° 3 '  N , 3 ° 12'  E
Basic data
Country Niger

region

Dosso
department Dosso
ISO 3166-2 NE-3
height 233 m
surface 541 km²
Residents 89,132 (2012)
density 164.8  Ew. / km²

Dosso [ dɔˈso ] is the capital of the Dosso region in Niger . It has around 89,000 inhabitants.

geography

National road 1 in Dosso

The 541 km² area of ​​the municipality ( French : commune urbaine ) is located in the south-west of the country in the greater Sudan landscape . The urban area is divided into nine districts, 25 administrative villages, eleven traditional villages, a hamlet and 28 camps. The neighborhoods are called Banizoumbou, Dosso Beri, Fada, Koira-Tegui, Mangue-Koira, Oudounkoukou, Sirimbey, Tondonbon and Zongo. Most of the central neighborhoods are residential or administrative. The suburbs and parts of the old city center are characterized by traditional architecture.

Dosso lies in a plain characterized by bushland and laterite formations. There are pronounced gorges in the north and south of the urban area. To the west lies part of the wide river bed of the seasonally flowing river Dallol Bosso . In geological terms, the city is located in a Tertiary geological area. The climatic conditions in the city are characterized by a dry and a rainy season in the course of the year. The dry season with the hot and dry wind Harmattan lasts from November to May.

Dosso borders the municipality of Garankédey to the northwest , the municipality of Mokko to the northeast, the municipality of Goroubankassam to the east and the municipality of Gollé to the south and west . The Nigerien capital Niamey is 136 kilometers away.

history

List of Zarmakoye
after 1750 Garanké
18./19. Century Katidioua
18./19. Century Bessa
18./19. Century Daoura
1825-1830 Manguyé
1830 Laouzo
around 1830 Gounabi
around 1830-1850 interregnum
1850-1865 Kossom
1865-1880 Ábdou
1880-1896 Alfa-Atta
1896-1902 Manguyé
1902-1913 Aoûta
1913-1924 Moussa
1924-1938 Saidou
1938-1953 Moumouni
1953-1962 Hamani
1962-1998 Abdou
1998-2000 Issoufou
since 2000 Maidanda

Dosso was founded in the second half of the 18th century by the Zarma ruler Garanké as his capital. Garanké was a son of Dakou, the ruler of Goudel . Garanké established the rule of the Zarmakoye, the Zarma rulers of Dosso. These were the highest levels of political administration and justice. The rulers of the surrounding Zarma areas had to pay homage to the respective Zarmakoye of Dosso. From 1820 Dosso found itself in constant armed conflict with the Fulbe . In 1830 the Zarmakoye Laouzo died in battle and his powerless successor Gounabi was deposed. There was an interregnum , during which Dosso was subordinate to the Sokoto Caliphate .

It was not until 1850 that a Zarmakoye took over again with Kossom. He gave Dosso distinctive state structures. The Zarmakoye was surrounded by a staff of dignitaries: the marafa (deputy of the Zarmakoye), the zaroumey (heir to the throne), the mayfada (chamberlain of the palace), the mizindadi (personal confidante), the azia ( treasurer ), the ouonkoy (warlord) , the serkin-yara (chief of male youth), the sadagari (chief of female youth), the serkin-noma (agricultural manager) and the kougamouza (chief of the prisoners). The Zarmakoye also had personal bodyguards. Under Kossom's successor, Ábdou, peace was made with the Fulbe in 1866. The years of war had left its mark, however, and Dosso was still exposed to external attacks, for example by the Tuareg . In 1896 the Zarmakoye Alfa-Atta died in the battle against the Tukulor .

In the course of the military occupation of the later Niger colony by France, Dosso was attached to the Central Niger district ( cercle de Moyen-Niger ) with its seat in Dori in 1899 , which formed the nucleus of the later Niger colony. Since then, the Zarmakoye has only had symbolic power.

Until 1972, only the major cities of Niamey , Maradi , Tahoua and Zinder had the status of an independent municipality in Niger . This year Dosso was raised to a municipality at the same time as six other Nigerien towns. In 2010 Dosso was also raised to the status of a sultanate and the Zarmakoye Maidanda was appointed the first sultan of Dosso. The enthronement was carried out by the Emir of Kebbi .

population

Maternity clinic in Dosso

At the 1977 census, Dosso had 16,959 inhabitants, at the 1988 census 25,695 inhabitants and at the 2001 census 43,293 inhabitants. At the 2012 census, the population was 89,132. The proportion of the population under the age of 15 is over 40 percent.

The most important ethnic groups are Zarma , who make up the majority, as well as Hausa , Fulbe and Tuareg . There is also a significant settlement of foreigners from the neighboring countries Benin and Nigeria .

Culture and sights

The palace of Zarmakoye was founded in 2006 by the Nigerien Ministry of Culture of UNESCO as a World Heritage proposed. It is the residence of the ruler of the pre-colonial empire Dosso der Zarma , built in 1904 . The creamy white, light blue and red painted palace is surrounded by a wall. Opposite is the Great Mosque of Dosso .

The Maison de la Culture Garba Loga is a cultural center in Dosso that hosts concerts, theater performances and film screenings. In the west of the city is the arena for the lutte traditionnelle , a martial art popular in Niger. The Roman Catholic parish church of St. Karl Lwanga was built in 1984. It is the seat of the parish of Dosso, which was founded in 1982 and belongs to the Archdiocese of Niamey .

Economy and Infrastructure

A young woman at the market in Dosso

About 70% to 90% of the population live from agriculture and animal husbandry, which are carried out in the suburbs. The main farm animals are sheep, goats, cattle and poultry. Pottery and the production of peanut oil are important branches of industry. The Center d'Artisanat produces and sells traditional clothing and painted calabashes . There is a daily market in the center. In addition, the markets of the towns of Mokko , Karguibangou and Bella, located in the same department, are supplied with cattle and animal products from Dosso.

There are 54 primary schools in Dosso, six of which are private schools . There are an average of 25 pupils for every primary school teacher (39 nationwide). Dosso is the seat of a Tribunal de Grande Instance, one of the ten civil courts of first instance nationwide .

The city is on National Road 1 , which is part of the international Dakar-N'Djamena Highway , as well as on National Road 7 to Gaya and National Road 14 to Loga . The three national roads leading through Dosso are important urban development axes on which urban development is based. Dosso has a civil airport with an unpaved runway, Dosso Airport ( ICAO code : DRRD).

Twin town

The twin town of Dosso is Rockland in Canada .

Personalities

literature

  • Bibata Hekoye M .: Etat de l'environnement dans la ville de Dosso. Principales sources de pollution . License. Faculté d'Agronomie, Université Abdou Moumouni de Niamey, Niamey 2014.
  • Nicole Tersis: Le Zarma (République du Niger). Etude du parler djerma de Dosso . SELAF, Paris 1972.

Web links

Commons : Dosso  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d e f g h Commune de Dosso. (No longer available online.) Formerly in the original ; Retrieved January 31, 2010 (French).  ( Page no longer available , search in web archives )@1@ 2Template: Dead Link / www.communedosso.org
  2. ^ Répertoire National des Communes (RENACOM) . Institut National de la Statistique website, accessed November 8, 2010.
  3. ↑ a b Jolijn Geels: Niger . Bradt, Chalfont St Peter 2006, ISBN 1-84162-152-8 , p. 135-137 .
  4. ↑ Edmond Séré de Rivières: Histoire du Niger . Berger-Levrault, Paris 1965, p. 21.
  5. ↑ Thomas Krings: Sahel countries . WBG, Darmstadt 2006, ISBN 3-534-11860-X , p. 16.
  6. ↑ Edmond Séré de Rivières: Histoire du Niger . Berger-Levrault, Paris 1965, p. 88.
  7. ↑ Edmond Séré de Rivières: Histoire du Niger . Berger-Levrault, Paris 1965, pp. 87-89.
  8. ↑ Edmond Séré de Rivières: Histoire du Niger . Berger-Levrault, Paris 1965, p. 234.
  9. ↑ Historique de la decentralization au Niger ( Memento of the original of October 18, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (PDF; 93 kB). Website of the program nigéro-allemand de lutte contre la pauvreté dans les zones de Tillabéri et Tahoua-Nord, published May 2008, accessed on 21 January 2012.  @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.lucop.org
  10. ↑ Mahamane Amadou: Cérémonie de dénomination de la province de Dosso en Sultanat. L'honorable Maïdanda Saidou intronisé Sultan . In: Le Sahel . No. 8013 , October 20, 2010, p. 5 ( nigerdiaspora.net [PDF; accessed April 13, 2017]).
  11. ↑ World Gazetteer: Niger: The most important places with statistics on their population ( Memento of the original from December 29, 2011 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , accessed on January 2, 2010. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.bevoelkerungsstatistik.de
  12. ↑ Presentation of the résultats globaux définitifs du Quatrième (4ème) Recensement Général de la Population et de l'Habitat (RGP / H) de 2012. (PDF file) Institut National de la Statistique, 2014, accessed on April 21, 2014 (French ).
  13. ↑ UNESCO website: Palais du Zarmakoye de Dosso , accessed on January 2, 2010.
  14. ↑ Saint Charles Lwanga - Dosso. Eglise Catholique au Niger, accessed July 1, 2015 (French).
  15. ↑ Présentation de la commune de Dosso  ( page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. . Website of the ANIYA Coopération Décentralisée Niger-France, accessed on January 29, 2012.@1@ 2Template: Dead Link / www.france-niger.com  
  16. ↑ Statistiques de l'éducation de base. Annuaire 2009–2010 (PDF; 19.1 MB). Nigerien Ministry of Education website, published September 2010, accessed February 14, 2012.
  17. ↑ Bachir Talfi: Note sur l'organization judiciaire . Nigerien Ministry of Justice website, accessed September 24, 2012.
  18. ↑ Airports in Niger . Aircraft Charter World website, accessed January 23, 2012.