Tahoua (Niger)

Ville de Tahoua
Ville de Tahoua
Coordinates	14 ° 53 '  N , 5 ° 16'  E Coordinates: 14 ° 53 '  N , 5 ° 16'  E
Basic data
Country	Niger
region	Tahoua
department	Tahoua
height	389 m
surface	314 km²
Residents	149,498 (2012)
density	476.1  Ew. / km²

Tahoua [ taˈwa ] is the capital of the Tahoua region in Niger . It has about 150,000 inhabitants.

geography

Location and structure

Tahoua is located in the Sahel zone and on the edge of the Ader Doutchi mountain range in the Ader landscape . In geological terms, the city is located in an area assigned to the Tertiary Age . The neighboring communities are Affala and Barmou in the north, Kalfou in the east, Bambeye in the south and Takanamat in the west.

Tahoua is a city ( ville ) or municipality with special status ( commune à statut particulier ) and consists of two arrondissements : Tahoua I and Tahoua II . The city center is made up of more than 15 old quarters. These include Bilbis, Dioulanké, Garkawa, Kourfayawa, Maréda, Nassarawa, Tougoulawa, Tsamawa, Tsimitao and Wadata. In the north of Tahoua is the younger district of Sabon Gari, which means “new village”. The administrative center of the city is on a small hill north of the old town.

climate

Tahoua
Climate diagram
J F. M. A. M. J J A. S. O N D.     0   33 15th     0   35 16     1   38 20th     4th   42 24     18th   41 26th     61   40 25th     120   36 23     141   33 22nd     62   36 23     7th   38 22nd     0   36 19th     0   33 15th Temperature in ° C ,  precipitation in mm Source: wetterkontor.de

Average monthly temperatures and rainfall for Tahoua Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Max. Temperature ( ° C ) 33.4 35.0 38.4 41.5 41.4 40.0 35.6 32.9 35.8 38.2 36.4 33.1 O 36.8 Min. Temperature (° C) 14.9 16.3 20.4 23.7 25.8 24.8 23.1 22.0 22.6 21.6 18.6 15.3 O 20.8 Precipitation ( mm ) 0 0 1 4th 18th 61 120 141 62 7th 0 0 Σ 414 Hours of sunshine ( h / d ) 9.1 9.2 8.8 8.7 8.9 8.3 8.3 8.4 8.4 9.1 9.4 9.0 O 8.8 Rainy days ( d ) 0 0 0 0 3 6th 9 10 6th 1 0 0 Σ 35 Humidity ( % ) 18th 16 14th 20th 33 49 60 72 66 35 21st 20th O 35.4 Source: wetterkontor.de

history

Tahoua ("Taua") in Stieler's Hand Atlas (1891)

The first groups to settle in what is now Tahoua were traditionally religious Azna from the Aïr Mountains in the 16th century , from where they were expelled by the Tuareg and Askiya Muhammad , the Muslim ruler of the Songhairian Empire . The house states of Gobir and Katsina refused to allow the Azna to move further south . Several other groups moved into the area, including Tuareg from the Aïr Mountains, so that at the turn of the 17th century the villages of Bilbis and Fakaoua emerged: the nucleus of the city of Tahoua. The other old districts into which Tahoua is divided emerged through further influx into the 19th century.

On December 4, 1904, the city was occupied by the French through a unit coming from Say under the leadership of Lieutenant Figeac. The French military territory of Niger was divided into three administrative areas in 1905 and Tahoua was designated one of the three respective administrative seats alongside Niamey and Zinder . The city lost this status in 1909. Tahoua was initially the capital of a district ( cercle de Tahoua ), which was subordinate to the administrative area of ​​Niamey. In 1909 the district capital was moved to Madaoua .

Tahoua was raised to an independent municipality in 1967 as the fourth place in Niger after Niamey (1954), Zinder (1954) and Maradi (1955). During the famines of the 1970s and 1980s, the city was a destination for refugees. In 2002 it was transformed into a community association ( communauté urbaine ) consisting of two municipalities ( communes urbaines ). The association of municipalities was converted into a city ( ville ) or municipality with special status ( commune à statut particulier ) in 2010 and the previous municipalities were converted into arrondissements.

population

Children in Tahoua

At the 2012 census, Tahoua had 149,498 inhabitants in 23,491 households. Of these, 117,826 people lived in the urban and 31,672 people in the rural municipal area.

Population development

The largest ethnic group in the multiethnic city are the Hausa , plus the Tuareg, Fulbe , Arabs and Zarma . Wodaabe , a fully nomadic subgroup of the Fulbe, live in the sparsely populated area north of the city .

On the one hand, Tahoua is the destination of immigrants from other parts of the country, who mainly settle in the suburbs of the city. On the other hand, food insecurity and economic considerations lead to urban labor migration across national borders. The main destination countries for migrants are Ivory Coast , Nigeria , Cameroon , Togo , Benin , Algeria and Libya .

In addition to members of Islam as the majority religion, there is a small Roman Catholic community in the city, the parish of St. Paul, founded in 1961 and part of the Maradi diocese .

Culture and sights

The Prix ​​Dan Gourmou is a biennial , multi-day music competition in Tahoua. It was founded in 1987. Every year at the end of February the festival Koran Bori takes place, during which evil spirits are to be chased away.

The town hall of Tahoua was built in 1985 according to plans by the architect László Mester de Parajd . It consists of a main wing with the mayor's office and two side wings, with the assembly hall in the right wing. The architectural design of the town hall should ensure the greatest possible protection from the heat of the sun.

The Maison des jeunes et de culture Albarka Tchibaou is a youth and cultural center in Tahoua named after the narrator Albarka Tchibaou . There are several sculptures by the sculptor Issoufou Lankondé in the city , such as two giraffes in front of the Hôtel de l'Amitié and portraits of Captain Issoufou Marafa and Albarka Tchibaou.

Tahoua is the setting for the novel Ma femme au Niger by Édouard de Meringo, published in 1929, which tells a love story in a colonial setting. In 1949, the chess player André Thiellement published his critical memoirs as a colonial official in Tahoua in the 1930s under the title Azawar .

Economy and Infrastructure

Woman selling salt in a market in Tahoua

Tahoua is an important trading center, especially for the trade in grain and cowpeas . The large market is a meeting place for the various ethnic groups every Sunday. A local specialty sold at the market is tchoukou , a flat cheese made from cow's milk. More than 90% of the population live mainly from agriculture. The dry area north of the city is used as grazing land for cattle, sheep and goats. Peanuts are grown south of the city . Phosphate is mined near Tahouas . The handicraft activities in the city are mainly focused on jewelry, leather goods and shoes. The main food is millet, followed by sorghum and cowpeas. Nutritional problems arise on the one hand due to insufficient income and on the other hand due to poor harvests.

There are 71 primary schools in Tahoua, nine of which are private schools . There are an average of 28 pupils for every primary school teacher (39 nationwide). In the city there is a branch of the Abdou Moumouni University Niamey . Taught banking and finance and accounting and business management . Tahoua is the seat of a Tribunal de Grande Instance, one of the ten civil courts of first instance nationwide.

Tahoua is located on National Road 25 , which connects the cities of Niamey and Agadez , as well as on National Road 16 to Madaoua and National Road 29 to Badaguichiri . Tahoua is served by all four major bus companies in the country. To the east of the old town is a civil airport, Tahoua Airport ( IATA code : THZ, ICAO code : DRRT).

Personalities

• Moustapha Alassane (1942-2015), film director
• Mahamadou Danda (* 1951), politician, Prime Minister of Niger
• Mahamadou Halilou Sabbo (1937–2006), politician and writer
• Aliou Mahamidou (1947–1996), industrialist and politician, Prime Minister of Niger
• Abdourahamane Soli (1938–2016), lawyer, politician and author
• Soumana Zanguina (* 1960), officer

literature

• Plan directeur d'urbanisme: 1981-2000 pour la ville Tahoua, République du Niger . Architecture and urban planning group of the German Society for Technical Cooperation, Darmstadt 1982.
• Mahaman Aminou Magagi: Etat de l'environnement dans la ville de Tahoua. The principales sources de pollutions métalliques et organiques . Faculté d'Agronomie, Université Abdou Moumouni de Niamey, Niamey 2014.
• Jean-Marie Funel: Le développement régional et saproblemématique étudiés à travers l'expérience de Tahoua (Niger) (=  Méthodologie de la Planification . No. 9 ). Ministère de la Coopération, Paris 1976.
• Alilou Noma: Tahoua, d'hier à aujourd'hui. Étude monographique . Nouvelle Imprimerie du Niger, Niamey 2002.
• Fatchima Mahamadou Aboubacar: Dynamique coopérative dans la communauté urbaine de Tahoua (artisans, maraîchers, éleveurs) . Faculté d'Agronomie, Université Abdou Moumouni de Niamey, Niamey 2012.
• Gerhard Schulz-Ehlbeck: Conceptual and structural development alternatives for a new district of Tahoua, Niger . Thesis. Institute for Urban Development and Regional Planning at the University of Karlsruhe, 1985.

Web links

Commons : Tahoua  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

1. ↑ M. Bocquier, M. Gavaud: République du Niger. Carte Pedologique de la Région de l'Ader Doutchi. Localization des observations Pédologiques. ORSTOM, Paris ( esdac.jrc.ec.europa.eu [accessed September 30, 2018]).
2. ↑ Thomas Krings : Sahel countries . WBG, Darmstadt 2006, ISBN 3-534-11860-X , p. 16 .
3. ↑ ^{a b} National Repertoire des Localités (ReNaLoc). (RAR) Institut National de la Statistique de la République du Niger, July 2014, p. 401 , accessed on 7 August 2015 (French). 
4. ↑ ^{a b c d} Jolijn Geels: Niger . Bradt, Chalfont St Peter 2006, ISBN 1-84162-152-8 , p. 152 and 155 .
5. ^ Jean-Paul Labourdette, Dominique Auzias: Niger 2009 . Nouvelle édition de l'Université, Paris 2009, ISBN 2-7469-1640-1 , pp. 127 .
6. ↑ Edmond Séré de Rivières: Histoire du Niger . Berger-Levrault, Paris 1965, p. 235-236 .
7. ↑ Historique de la decentralization au Niger ( Memento of the original of October 18, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (PDF; 93 kB). Website of the program nigéro-allemand de lutte contre la pauvreté dans les zones de Tillabéri et Tahoua-Nord, published May 2008, accessed on 21 January 2012. 
8. ↑ République du Niger: Ordonnance n ° 2010-56 on September 17th, 2010. Portant érection des communautés urbaines de Niamey, Maradi, Tahoua et Zinder en communes à statut particulier ou villes et les communes les composant en arrondissements. (PDF file) (No longer available online.) Association des Municipalités du Niger, archived from the original on February 2, 2014 ; Retrieved January 23, 2014 (French). Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.  
9. ↑ Kokou Henri Motcho: Niamey, Garin captan Salma ou l'histoire du peuplement de la ville de Niamey . In: Jérôme Aloko-N'Guessan, Amadou Diallo, Kokou Henri Motcho (eds.): Villes et organization de l'espace en Afrique . Karthala, Paris 2010, ISBN 978-2-8111-0339-2 , pp. 29 .
10. ↑ ^{a b} Présentation de la commune de Tahoua  ( page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. . Website of the ANIYA Coopération Décentralisée Niger-France, accessed on January 28, 2012.  
11. ^ Paroisse Saint Paul Tahoua. Eglise Catholique au Niger, accessed July 1, 2015 (French). 
12. ↑ Présentation de Tahoua, région phare de la sixième édition du SAFEM 2009 ( Memento of the original of July 14, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (PDF; 887 kB). P. 6, SAFEM website , accessed on March 5, 2012. 
13. ^ Tahoua Town Hall. Tahoua, Niger. In: Archnet. Retrieved December 8, 2017 . 
14. ↑ Issaka Saïdou: Promotion des produits artisanaux à Tahoua: les départements et leurs affiches culturelles. In: Niger Diaspora. April 10, 2009, accessed October 19, 2019 (French). 
15. ↑ Issoufou Lankondé. La passion pour la sculpture. In: Media Niger. June 15, 2011, accessed October 16, 2019 (French). 
16. ^ Daniel Mignot, Jean-Dominique Pénel: Le Niger dans la littérature française . In: Marie-Clotilde Jacquey (ed.): Littérature nigérienne (=  Notre librairie . No. 107 ). CLEF, Paris 1991, p. 26 and 29 .
17. ↑ Livelihoods Zoning “Plus” Activity In Niger ( Memento from September 28, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) (PDF; 2.5 MB). 27, Famine Early Warning Systems Network website, published August 2011, accessed January 19, 2012.
18. ↑ Statistiques de l'éducation de base. Annuaire 2009–2010 (PDF; 19.1 MB). Nigerien Ministry of Education website, published September 2010, accessed February 14, 2012.
19. ↑ Bachir Talfi: Note sur l'organization judiciaire. Ministère de la Justice, archived from the original on September 27, 2013 ; accessed on February 14, 2018 (French). 
20. ↑ Airports in Niger . Aircraft Charter World website, accessed January 23, 2012.