Edward Adelbert Doisy

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Edward Adelbert Doisy

Edward Adelbert Doisy (born November 13, 1893 in Hume , Illinois , † October 23, 1986 in St. Louis , Missouri ) was an American biochemist and professor at Saint Louis University . He was engaged in studies of sex hormones and vitamin K 1 ( phylloquinone ) and vitamin K 2 ( menaquinone ). For his discovery of the chemical nature of vitamin K, he and Henrik Dam received the Nobel Prize in Medicine in 1943 .

Life

Doisy graduated from the University of Illinois with an Art's Bachelor's degree in 1914 and from Harvard University's Medical School , where he received his Master of Science degree in biochemistry in 1916 . After serving in the medical corps in World War I, he received his doctorate from Harvard in 1920. He was from 1919 lecturer and then associate professor and 1923 professor of biochemistry at Washington University Medical School in St. Louis / Missouri. He also headed the biochemistry department at St. Mary's Hospital in St. Louis. In 1965 he retired.

In 1938 Doisy was elected to the National Academy of Sciences , 1942 to the American Philosophical Society, and 1948 to the American Academy of Arts and Sciences .

plant

In 1923/1924 Doisy developed a simple and specific and biological estrogen test (compared to the Corner- Allen test ) , the Allen-Doisy test , which was also named after the anatomist Edgar Allen (1892-1943), together with Doisy 1923 at Washington University Medical School in St. Louis / Missouri discovered that extracts from ovarian follicles in the vaginal mucosa of castrated mice and rats cause keratinizing cells ("clods") that are otherwise only found in sexually mature animals during heat . It was initially mistakenly assumed that estrogen was the only ovarian hormone. In 1929, independently of Adolf Butenandt , who at that time succeeded in doing the same thing in Germany, he isolated the female sex hormone estrone , which can also be detected with the Allen-Doisy test. In 1939 Doisy isolated vitamin K 1 (phylloquinone) from alfalfa (independent of Dam) and he succeeded in the synthesis (independent of Louis Frederick Fieser ).

Doisy also helped improve methods of isolating and identifying insulin , studied antibiotics, blood buffers, and bile acid metabolism.

Publications

literature

Web links

Commons : Edward Adelbert Doisy  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Member History: Edward A. Doisy. American Philosophical Society, accessed July 19, 2018 .
  2. ^ Members of the American Academy. Listed by election year, 1900-1949 ( PDF ). Retrieved October 11, 2015
  3. ↑ Hans Heinz Simmer , Jochen Suss: The gestagen test on infantile rabbits. The invention of Willard M. Allen and its application by Carl Clauberg. A contribution to the problem of eponyms. In: Würzburg medical history reports. Volume 13, 1995, pp. 399-416, here: p. 399.
  4. ↑ Helga Satzinger, Adolf Butenandt: Hormones and Gender. In: Wolfgang Schieder, Achim Trunk, Adolf Butenandt and the Kaiser Wilhelm Society. Wallsteinverlag, 2004 p. 102; see. Schering (2) in the Sybodo Museum, Innsbruck.
  5. ↑ Pötsch u. a .: Lexicon of important chemists.
personal data
SURNAME Doisy, Edward Adelbert
BRIEF DESCRIPTION American biochemist
DATE OF BIRTH November 13, 1893
PLACE OF BIRTH Hume , Illinois
DATE OF DEATH October 23, 1986
Place of death St. Louis , Missouri