Peter J. Ratcliffe

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Peter J. Ratcliffe

Sir Peter John Ratcliffe FRS (born May 14, 1954 in Morecambe , Lancashire ) is a British nephrologist and professor at the University of Oxford . He is one of three winners of the 2019 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for his research on oxygen in cells.

Ratcliffe discovered that there is a system in all cells of the human body and in all animals on earth - even those that have neither hearts nor blood vessels - that measures and controls the supply of oxygen. It is an enzyme system that labels a protein with oxygen itself - hypoxia-induced factor (HIF).

Nobel Prize in Physiology / Medicine 2019: Cellular Adaptation to the Availability of Oxygen Using Hif-1

Life

Peter J. Ratcliffe attended the Lancaster Royal Grammar School. He studied from 1972 with a scholarship at the University of Cambridge (Gonville and Caius College) and received a bachelor's degree in medicine (MB) and surgery at Queen Mary University of London (Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry) in 1978 , whereby he specialized in nephrology. His clinical training took place at St. Bartholomew Hospital in London and he then conducted research at Oxford University . In 1987 he received his doctorate with a thesis on ischemic and non-ischemic causes of acute kidney failure . In 1989 he turned to the question of how cells regulate their oxygen supply. He first conducted research on a Senior Fellowship from the Wellcome Trust at the Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, then in the Henry Wellcome Building for Genomic Medicine and the Henry Wellcome Building for Molecular Physiology at Oxford University. In 1992 he became a University Lecturer and in 1996 an Associate Professor (for internal medicine ). In 2003 he became Nuffield Professor of Medicine and from 2003 to 2016 he was Head of the Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine at Oxford. Although he has long been involved in cell biology and molecular biology , Ratcliffe remained associated with clinical medicine. He is the director of the Hypoxia Research Laboratory at Oxford University, which he founded , which also studies the effects on cancer and circulatory diseases. He is also director of the Target Discovery Institute and a member of the Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research and the Francis Crick Institute in London.

Awards (selection)

Fonts (selection)

  • with PH Maxwell, MS Wiesener, G.-W. Chang, SC Clifford, EC Vaux, ME Cockman, CC Wykoff, CW Pugh, ER Maher: The tumor suppressor protein VHL targets hypoxia-inducible factors for oxygen-dependent proteolysis , Nature, Volume 399, 1999, pp. 271-275.
  • with P. Jaakkola, DR Mole, Y.-M. Tian, ​​MI Wilson, J. Gielbert, SJ Gaskell, A. von Kriegsheim, HF Hebestreit, M. Mukherji, CJ Schofield, PH Maxwell, CW Pugh: Targeting of HIF-a to the von Hippel-Lindau ubiquitylation complex by O2-regulated prolyl hydroxylation , Science, Volume 292, 2001, pp. 468-472.
  • with ACR Epstein, JM Gleadle, LA McNeill, KS Hewitson, JF O'Rourke, DR Mole, M. Mukherji, E. Metzen, MI Wilson, A. Dhanda, Y.-M.Tian, ​​N. Masson, DL Hamilton, P. Jaakkola, R. Barstead, J. Hodgkin, PH Maxwell, CW Pugh, CJ Schofield: C. elegans EGL-9 and mammalian homologs define a family of dioxygenases that regulate HIF by prolyl hydroxylation , Cell, Volume 107, 2001, p 43-54
  • with ME Cockman a. a .: Proteomics-based identification of novel factor inhibiting HIF (FIH) substrates indicates widespread asparaginyl hydroxylation of ankyrin repeat domain-containing proteins , Molecular & Cellular Proteomics, Volume 8, 2009, pp. 535-546.
  • with M. Mazzone u. a .: Heterozygous deficiency of PHD2 restores tumor oxygenation and inhibits metastasis via endothelial normalization , Cell, Volume 136, 2009, pp. 839-851.
  • with J. Adam u. a .: Renal cyst formation in Fh1-deficient mice is independent of the Hif / Phd pathway: roles for fumarate in KEAP1 succination and Nrf2 signaling , Cancer Cell, Volume 20 ,. 2011, pp. 524-537.
  • with N. Masson a. a .: The FIH hydroxylase is a cellular peroxide sensor that modulates HIF transcriptional activity , EMBO Rep., Volume 13, 2012, 251-257.
  • with J. Schödel u. a .: Common genetic variants at the 11q13.3 renal cancer susceptibility locus influence binding of HIF to an enhancer of cyclin D1expression , Nature Genetics, Volume 44, 2012, pp. 420-425.

literature

Web links

Commons : Peter J. Ratcliffe  - Collection of Images, Videos and Audio Files

Individual evidence

  1. Biography at the Canada Gairdner Award
  2. ^ Fellows of the Royal Society (royalsociety.org); Retrieved May 9, 2011
  3. Book of Members 1780–2010 (PDF, 155 kB) of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences (amacad.org); Retrieved May 14, 2011
  4. prezenz.com: Fondation Louis Jeantet - The Winners of the Louis Jeantet Prize for Medicine. In: jeantet.ch. Retrieved February 5, 2016 .
  5. Peter J. Ratcliffe, MD at the Gairdner Foundation (gairdner.org); Retrieved December 5, 2012
  6. ^ Paul C. Webster: The winners of the 2010 Gairdner Awards. The Lancet , Volume 375, Issue 9722, Page 1239, April 10, 2010 doi: 10.1016 / S0140-6736 (10) 60526-0
  7. https://www.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/269031/New-Year-Honours-2014-PM-list.pdf