Ferid Murad

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Ferid Murad

Ferid Murad (born September 14, 1936 in Whiting in what is now the metropolitan area of ​​Chicago , Indiana , USA ) is an American doctor , pharmacologist and university professor who received the Nobel Prize in Medicine in 1998 for co-discovering the cellular messenger substance nitric oxide .

Life

Murad, son of Jabir Murat, an Albanian immigrant from Gostivar in North Macedonia and a US citizen, studied at DePauw University in Indiana and Case Western Reserve University in Cleveland, Ohio , where he received his doctorate in medicine and pharmacology in 1965 . He went to the University of Virginia , where he became a professor in 1970. In 1981 he moved to Stanford University . When he received the Nobel Prize, he was working in the Department of Integrative Biology at the University of Texas at Houston . Murad is currently the director of the Institute of Molecular Medicine and holds the John S. Dunn Chair in Physiology and Medicine at that university.

He has been a member of the National Academy of Sciences since 1997 and of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences since 2000 .

Murad's main research area was initially the activation of the enzyme guanylate cyclase , which is involved in the regulation of the cardiovascular system . He was able to show that the action of a number of vasodilating drugs mediated by this enzyme is based on the release of nitric oxide . Robert F. Furchgott showed independently of Murad that blood vessels themselves form a substance called EDRF ( endothelium-derived relaxing factor , for example: vasodilating factor derived from the endothelium ). Murad was finally able to show at the same time as Louis J. Ignarro , who worked independently of him , that EDRF is nitrogen monoxide or a closely related species.

Murad's group later succeeded in isolating the enzyme NO synthase , which forms nitric oxide in the blood vessels and causes them to expand and relax. For these discoveries, the three researchers jointly received the 1998 Nobel Prize in Medicine. Murad and Furchgott had already received the 1996 Albert Lasker Award for Basic Medical Research for this research . In later work Murad dealt with further aspects of circulatory regulation by messenger substances at the molecular level.

After the award of the Nobel Prize, however, there was criticism of the decision to award the prize, as the committee had not awarded any part of the prize to the Honduran scientist Salvador Moncada , who had come to the same results as Ignarro regardless of the prize winners.

literature

Web links

Commons : Ferid Murad  - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Book of Members. (PDF) Retrieved July 23, 2016 (English).
  2. ↑ Robert F. Furchtgott: Endothelium-derived relaxing factor: Discovery, early studies, and identification as nitric oxide. In: Biosci. Rep. Vol. 4, 1999, pp. 235-251.
  3. ↑ István Hargittai: Salvador Moncada. In: Candid Science II. Conversations with Famous Biomedical Scientists. World Scientific Publishing, 2002, ISBN 1-86094-280-6 , p. 565
personal data
SURNAME Murad, Ferid
BRIEF DESCRIPTION American physician and Nobel Prize winner in medicine
DATE OF BIRTH September 14, 1936
PLACE OF BIRTH Whiting , Indiana , USA