Ulf von Euler

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Ulf von Euler

Ulf Svante von Euler-Chelpin (born February 7, 1905 in Stockholm , Sweden , † March 9, 1983 ibid) was a Swedish physician, physiologist , pharmacologist, neurophysiologist and neurochemist . In 1970 he received the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine .

Life

Ulf von Euler's father, Hans Karl August Simon von Euler-Chelpin, was a Nobel Prize winner for chemistry in 1929, his mother Astrid Cleve was a professor of botany and geology (daughter of Per Teodor Cleve ). He is related to Leonhard Euler .

Euler studied medicine at the Karolinska Institute from 1922 , conducted research with Robin Fåhraeus on sedimentation and rheology of blood and on the pathophysiology of vasoconstriction, and received his doctorate in 1930. In the same year he became an assistant professor of pharmacology. In 1930/31 he was on a Rockefeller Scholarship in London with Henry Dale , in Birmingham with I. de Burgh Daly, in Ghent with Corneille Heymans and in Frankfurt with Gustav Embden . In 1934 he was in London with the biophysicist Archibald Vivian Hill and in 1946/47 in Buenos Aires with Bernardo Houssay . He remained a professor at the Karolinska Institute for the rest of his career.

In 1935, independently of MW Goldblatt, he isolated and described the prostaglandins for the first time in human sperm and also discovered that noradrenaline functions as a chemical transmitter of information in nerve fibers .

Ulf von Euler became a professor of physiology at Stockholm University in 1939 and also headed the Karolinska Institute. From 1953 he was a member of the Nobel Committee and at times also its president.

In 1961 Euler received a Gairdner Foundation International Award . In 1962 he was elected a member of the Leopoldina . The German Pharmacological Society awarded him their highest honor in 1968 with the Schmiedeberg plaque . Two years later he received the Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine for his work with Julius Axelrod and Sir Bernard Katz for their discoveries in connection with the humoral transmitters in the nerve endings and the mechanism of their storage, release and inactivation . Together with Göran Liljestrand , he discovered hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction, a mechanism that reflexively reduces the blood flow to non-ventilated parts of the lungs in the healthy lungs through regional vasoconstriction. This ensures that blood is largely only supplied to those parts in which oxygen can also be absorbed. This mechanism is also called the Euler-Liljestrand mechanism after the discoverers . Since 1970 he was a member of the American Philosophical Society . In 1972 von Euler was elected to the American Academy of Arts and Sciences and the National Academy of Sciences and in 1973 he became an external member of the Royal Society .

Ulf von Euler was married to Jane Sodenstierna from 1930 to 1957 and had four children with her. In 1958 he married the radio journalist Countess Dagmar Cronstedt.

Web links

Commons : Ulf von Euler  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Goldblatt MW: Properties of human seminal plasma . In: J Physiol . 84, No. 2, May 1935, pp. 208-18. PMID 16994667 . PMC 1394818 (free full text).
  2. ↑ From Euler US: About the specific hypotensive substance of the human prostate and seminal vesicle secretion . In: Wien Klin Wochenschr . 14, No. 33, 1935, pp. 1182-3. doi : 10.1007 / BF01778029 .
  3. ^ Gisela Baumgart: Euler-Chelpin, Ulf Svante von. In: Werner E. Gerabek , Bernhard D. Haage, Gundolf Keil , Wolfgang Wegner (eds.): Enzyklopädie Medizingeschichte. De Gruyter, Berlin / New York 2005, ISBN 3-11-015714-4 , p. 381 f .; here: p. 381.
  4. ↑ Member History: Ulf Svante von Euler. American Philosophical Society, accessed August 1, 2018 .
personal data
SURNAME Euler, Ulf von
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Euler-Chelpin, Ulf Svante von (full name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Swedish physician, neurochemist and Nobel Prize winner
DATE OF BIRTH February 7, 1905
PLACE OF BIRTH Stockholm , Sweden
DATE OF DEATH March 9, 1983
Place of death Stockholm , Sweden