Charles Richet

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Charles Richet, around 1913

Charles Robert Richet (born August 25 or 26, 1850 in Paris ; † December 4, 1935 there ) was a French physician and physiologist who received the Nobel Prize in Medicine in 1913 for his research on anaphylaxis .

Life

Charles Richet was born in 1850 to Alfred Richet, professor at the Faculty of Clinical Surgery in Paris, and his wife Eugenie.

He completed his studies in Paris in 1869 with a doctorate in medicine. He received another doctorate in natural sciences in 1878. In 1887 he was appointed professor of physiology at the Paris Medical Faculty. He was editor of the Revue Scientifique (1878-1887), co-editor of the Journal et de Pathologie Générale (from 1917) and president of the Society for Psychical Research (from 1905). In 1914 he was elected a member of the Académie des Sciences . The Russian Academy of Sciences in St. Petersburg , he belonged since 1912 as a corresponding member. In 1920 he was elected an Honorary Fellow of the Royal Society of Edinburgh .

Charles Richet died in Paris in 1935 at the age of 85.

Private life

In 1877 he married Amélie Aubry, with whom he had five sons and two daughters. Like his father, his son Charles became a professor at the Paris Medical School.

plant

Richet worked on a wide range of physiological issues. He began his work with research carried out between 1885 and 1895 on the temperature regulation of animals of the same temperature , above all on protection against overheating through sweating and the increase in temperature when shivering . In experiments he was able to show that antibodies against pathogens are formed in the blood after vaccination and he carried out the first serum vaccination on humans on December 6, 1890 . However, he received the Nobel Prize for his research on anaphylaxis , the overreaction of the body to certain substances (see also allergies ). He used this term for the first time and meant a reaction to injected substances or poisons . Together with Paul Portier, he was able to show that injected proteins could change the composition of body fluids, especially blood, immediately and permanently.

In addition to his medical activities, he developed a great interest in spiritualism and wrote several novels. Richet also did research in parapsychology . He attended several séances . Richet transferred the term ectoplasm to parapsychology, which is understood to be the substance which the media flows out of the body orifices during meetings.

Among other things, the French psychiatrist Édouard Toulouse developed together with him at the end of the 19th century the method of low-sodium diet, also named after them, to support bromine therapy in epilepsy (Toulouse-Richet method)

In 1913 he received the Nobel Prize in Physiology and Medicine in recognition of his work on anaphylaxis.

Publications

literature

Web links

Commons : Charles Richet  - collection of images, videos and audio files

supporting documents

  1. ^ Fellows Directory. Biographical Index: Former RSE Fellows 1783–2002. (PDF file) Royal Society of Edinburgh, accessed April 2, 2020 .
personal data
SURNAME Richet, Charles
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Richet, Charles Robert
BRIEF DESCRIPTION French physician and Nobel Prize winner
DATE OF BIRTH August 26, 1850
PLACE OF BIRTH Paris
DATE OF DEATH 4th December 1935
Place of death Paris