Journey of discovery

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As expeditions Travel and equipped to expeditions referred to the discovery, exploration and development of remote countries, land lines , mountains or islands serve.

Most of the voyages of discovery were planned and wanted. Sometimes, however, chance also played a role. There are written records of many voyages of discovery, so that it was possible to assign the geographical discoveries to a person. Some of them were named after their discoverer , for example the Cook Islands or the Barents Sea .

The following is a list of some of the top geographic discoveries (in chronological order):

Chronology of the voyages of discovery

discovery When By whom Name bearer
Red Sea , Arabian Peninsula , Punt around 2750 BC Chr. Henenu from Egypt  
Nile Cataract , Yam (South Nubia ) around 2300 BC Chr. Harkhuf from Egypt  
Circumnavigation of Africa around 600 BC Chr. on behalf of Pharaoh Necho II.  
African west coast to the Gulf of Guinea around 480 BC Chr. Hanno the navigator from Carthage  
Britain around 480 BC Chr. Himilkon from Carthage  
Circumnavigation of Western Europe to Thule around 330 BC Chr. Pytheas from Marseille  
Iceland around 850 Gardar Svavarsson  
Greenland 900 Gunnbjörn Úlfsson  
Vinland (North America) around 1000 Leif Eriksson  
Pacific , Indian Ocean , Arabian Sea and East Africa 1405-1433 Zheng He  
Madeira (rediscovered) 1418 João Gonçalves Zarco  
Azores 1427 Gonçalo Velho (?)  
Cape Blanc , coast of Senegal , Gambia , Guinea-Bissau , Guinea 1440-1446 Dinis Dias , Nuno Tristão , Antão Gonçalves  
Cape Verde Islands 1456 Alvise Cadamosto  
Sierra Leone 1462 Pedro da Cintra  
Ivory Coast , Gold Coast ( Ghana ), São Tomé and Príncipe 1469-1474 Fernão Gomes et al. a. (Diogo Gomes?)  
Newfoundland and Labrador ( America ) 1473 Didrik Pining  
  1481 Aeterni regis  
Estuary of the Congo , Cape Cross ( Namibia ) 1482-1485 Diogo Cão  
Cape of Good Hope , Cape Needle , mouth of the Great Fish River 1487-1488 Bartolomeu Diaz  
America ( Bahamas , Cuba , Hispaniola ) 1492-1493 Christopher Columbus (1st trip) Colombia
  1493/1494 Inter caetera and Treaty of Tordesillas  
Lesser Antilles , Puerto Rico , Jamaica 1493-1496 Christopher Columbus (2nd trip)  
Sea route to India 1497-1498 Vasco da Gama , Nicolao Coelho  
Trinidad and Tobago , Orinoco Estuary ( Venezuela ) 1498 Christopher Columbus (3rd trip)  
Brazil , Amazon estuary 1498-1500 Duarte Pacheco Pereira (?), Vicente Yáñez Pinzón , Pedro Álvares Cabral  
Mauritius , Reunion Island , Madagascar 1500 Diogo slides  
Coast of Central America from Honduras to Colombia 1502-1504 Christopher Columbus (4th trip)  
Pacific (land route via Panama ) 1513 Vasco Núñez de Balboa  
Río de la Plata 1515-1516 Juan Díaz de Solís  
Mexico and Central America 1519-1524 Hernán Cortés  
Pacific (sea route), Mariana Islands , Philippines , Timor (circumnavigation of the world) 1519-1522 Ferdinand Magellan , Juan Sebastián Elcano Strait of Magellan
Inca Empire, Peru and Ecuador 1531-1534 Francisco Pizarro  
North America 1574-1631 Henry Hudson Hudson Bay
Arctic Ocean 1594-1597 Willem Barents Barents Sea
Cape Horn , Tonga , New Ireland and other islands 1615-1616 Willem Cornelisz Schouten , Jacob Le Maire  
Oceania 1642-1643 Abel Tasman Tasmania
Second Kamchatka Expedition ; north-eastern Siberia, sea route to the Kuriles and Japan, sea voyage across the Kamchatka to North America 1733-1743 Vitus Bering Bering Strait , Bering Island
Oceania 1768-1779 James Cook Cook Islands
North Pacific , West Alaska , eastern coastline of Asia 1771 Moric Benovsky  
Hawaii 1778 James Cook  
Central America and South America 1799-1803 Alexander von Humboldt Humboldt Current
North America 1804-1806 Lewis and Clark Expedition  
Africa 1849-1863 David Livingstone  
Central Asia 1870-1873 Nikolai Mikhailovich Prschewalsky Prschewalsky horse
the north pole 06-04-1909 Peary et al. Henson Peary
the south pole 15-12-1911 Roald Amundsen Amundsen
the south pole 18-01-1912 Robert Falcon Scott  
the moon 1969 Neil Armstrong and Edwin Aldrin

First step on the moon during the Apollo 11 mission

 

See also

literature

  • Max Cary, Eric Herbert Warmington: The Discoveries of Antiquity. 3000 BC BC to AD 200. Kindler, Zurich 1966 ( Kindlers Kulturgeschichte , Volume 11)
  • Albrecht Dihle: Controversial dates. Investigations into the occurrence of the Greeks in the Red Sea. West German Publishing House, Cologne 1965.
  • Arnold Groh: Research Methods in Indigenous Contexts . Springer, New York 2018,

Web links

Wiktionary: journey of discovery  - explanations of meanings, word origins, synonyms, translations