Erich Mix
Erich Otto Friedrich Mix (born June 27, 1898 in Labuhnken , West Prussia , † April 9, 1971 in Wiesbaden ) was a German politician of the NSDAP and the FDP .
Life and work
After graduating from high school in 1916, Mix took part in the First World War as an infantryman and pilot . After the war he studied law and political science in Berlin and Greifswald until 1921 . In 1921 he received his doctorate on the subject of "State supervision in emigration". After completing his legal clerkship, Mix entered the civil service career. In 1931 he became second mayor in Stolp (Pomerania). After he became a member of the NSDAP on October 1, 1932 (membership number 1,334,064), to which he claims to have been closely connected since 1930, he became second mayor of Szczecin in 1933 . In 1934 he moved to Tilsit as Lord Mayor . From 1937 to 1945 he was Lord Mayor of Wiesbaden , and from 1939 also Gauamtsleiter for local politics of Hessen-Nassau . In 1939 Mix was drafted into the Air Force (from 1944 Colonel d. R.) and given leave of absence as Lord Mayor. As early as September 1, 1933, Mix joined the SS , from which he, however, had to resign in April 1934 because of his appointment as " political leader " (district office manager for local politics). On April 20, 1939 he was reassigned to the SS as Obersturmbannführer ; on April 1, 1944 Mix was promoted to Standartenführer . As an SS leader, he was with the staff of the SS Upper Section Rhine.
In September 1939 Mix was drafted into the Luftwaffe , where he was assigned to the squadron commodore of a fighter squadron in the rank of Colonel d. R. ascent and has received several awards. A UK position for Mix as Lord Mayor of Wiesbaden, applied for by the State Secretary of the Reich Ministry of the Interior , was rejected by the Air Force Personnel Office in 1942 because of Mixen's position in command . In March 1945 Mix took part in a course for Nazi command officers and was also employed as a teacher in the Nazi command officer school 2 of the Air Force.
As the main representative of the Nazi regime, Mix was imprisoned by the American occupation forces in Darmstadt from 1945 to 1946. This was not just a simple captivity. In February 1947 he was classified as incriminated (Level II) by the Darmstadt Chamber of Arbitration. Due to his position, classification as the main culprit (level I) would have been possible. After his release, he appealed the verdict. His defense lawyer was Heinrich von Brentano , a member of the Hessian state parliament . The appeal procedure before the Wiesbaden Chamber of Arbitration classified him as less burdened (level III) . After a probation period of six months, he was automatically classified as a follower (level IV) . Erich Mix was able to start a political career again.
1949–1954 Mix worked first as an employee and then as a freelancer for the legal office of the city of Wiesbaden. He represented u. a. also the city in front of the reparation chamber, where he campaigned against the restitution claim of a Wiesbaden Jew expropriated by himself in 1938.
From 1952 to 1954 Mix was a member of the Wiesbaden city council for the FDP, and from 1953/54 also head of city council. In 1954, Mix was again Lord Mayor of Wiesbaden . He is thus the only Lord Mayor of a state capital who held this office both in the “Third Reich” and in the Federal Republic. In 1960 he resigned from this office due to a change in the political majority and devoted himself solely to state politics. From 1958 to 1966 he was a member of the Hessian state parliament and from 1961 to 1963 chairman of the FDP parliamentary group; he held the office of vice-president of the state parliament from 1962 to 1966. Mix was at times district chairman of the German Red Cross and board member of the Hessian city association.
family
Mix had been with Erna Mix, born on November 12, 1923. Thiem, daughter of a landowner from Greifenhagen , married. The marriage resulted in two sons (* 1929 and * 1931).
Honors
- 1971: After his death, the city of Wiesbaden donated a grave of honor for him in the south cemetery. After intensive discussion, the Wiesbaden city council revoked this honor on July 1, 2014.
See also
literature
- Jochen Lengemann : The Hessen Parliament 1946–1986 . Biographical handbook of the advisory state committee, the state assembly advising the constitution and the Hessian state parliament (1st – 11th electoral period). Ed .: President of the Hessian State Parliament. Insel-Verlag, Frankfurt am Main 1986, ISBN 3-458-14330-0 ( hessen.de [PDF; 12.4 MB ]).
- Hans-Peter Klausch : Brown Legacy. Nazi past Hessian state parliament member 1st – 11th Electoral term (1946–1987) . The Left Group in the Hessian State Parliament, Wiesbaden 2011 ( Download [PDF; 4.2 MB ]).
- Albrecht Kirschner: Final report of the working group on the preliminary study “Nazi past of former Hessian state parliament members” of the commission of the Hessian state parliament for the research project “Political and parliamentary history of the state of Hesse” . Ed .: Hessischer Landtag . Wiesbaden 2013 ( Download [PDF; 479 kB ]).
- Philipp Kratz: Erich Mix . The two-time Lord Mayor of Wiesbaden (1937–1945 and 1954–1960). In: Nassau Annals . tape 119 , 2008, pp. 475-489 .
- Philipp Kratz: A city and guilt. Wiesbaden and the Nazi past since 1945, Göttingen 2019, pp. 88–119.
Web links
- Literature by and about Erich Mix in the catalog of the German National Library (dissertation, 11 pages)
- Mix, Erich in the Hessian biography
- Bärbel Schwitzgebel: How a National Socialist could become a Wiesbaden mayor again. In his book “ Eine Stadt und die Schuld ”, the historian Philipp Kratz illuminates the path taken by the National Socialist Erich Mix, who became mayor again after the war. In: Wiesbadener Kurier , November 1, 2019, Wiesbadener Kurier +
Individual evidence
- ↑ Albrecht Kirschner: Final report of the working group on the preliminary study "Nazi past of former Hessian state parliament members" of the commission of the Hessian state parliament for the research project "Political and parliamentary history of the state of Hesse" . Ed .: Hessischer Landtag . Wiesbaden 2013, p. 31 ( Download [PDF; 479 kB ]).
- ↑ Albrecht Kirschner: Final report of the working group on the preliminary study "Nazi past of former Hessian state parliament members" of the commission of the Hessian state parliament for the research project "Political and parliamentary history of the state of Hesse" . Ed .: Hessischer Landtag . Wiesbaden 2013, p. 38 ( Download [PDF; 479 kB ]).
Heinrich Fischer (1849–1868) | Wilhelm Lanz (1868–1882) | Christian Schlichter (1882–1883) | Carl Bernhard von Ibell (1883–1913) | Karl Glässing (1913–1919) | Fritz Travers (1919–1929) | Georg Krücke (1930–1933) | Alfred Schulte (1933–1937) | Erich Mix (1937–1945) | Georg Krücke (1945–1946) | Hans Heinrich Redlhammer (1946–1953) | Erich Mix (1954–1960) | Georg Buch (1960–1968) | Rudi Schmitt (1968–1980) | Georg-Berndt Oschatz (1980–1982) | Hans-Joachim Jentsch (1982–1985) | Achim Exner (1985-1997) | Hildebrand Diehl (1997-2007) | Helmut Müller (2007–2013) | Sven Gerich (2013–2019) | Gert-Uwe Mende (since July 2, 2019)
Karl Theodor Bleek (1946–1951) | Ernst Landgrebe (1951–1954) | August-Martin Euler (1954–1955) | Oswald Kohut (1955–1957) | Wolfram Dörinkel (1957–1961) | Erich Mix (1961–1963) | Heinrich Kohl (1963–1965) | Heinrich Rodemer (1965–1968) | Heinz Herbert Karry (1968–1970) | Hermann Stein (1970–1977) | Otto Wilke (1977–1982) | Wolfgang Gerhardt (1983–1987) | Otto Wilke (1987-1991) | Wolfgang Gerhardt (1991–1994) | Ruth Wagner (1994-1999) | Jörg-Uwe Hahn (1999–2009) | Florian Rentsch (2009–2012) | Wolfgang Greilich (2012–2014) | Florian Rentsch (2014–2017) | René Rock (since 2017)
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Mix, Erich |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Mix, Erich Otto Friedrich (full name) |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | German politician (NSDAP, FDP), MdL |
| DATE OF BIRTH | June 27, 1898 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Labuhnken , West Prussia |
| DATE OF DEATH | April 9, 1971 |
| Place of death | Wiesbaden |