European elections in Germany 2009

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← 2004European elections in Germany 20092014 →
Turnout: 43.3%
 %
40
30th
20th
10
0
37.9
20.8
12.1
11.0
7.5
1.7
1.3
1.1
6.7
Gains and losses
compared to 2004
 % p
   6th
   4th
   2
   0
  -2
  -4
  -6
  -8th
-6.6
-0.7
+0.2
+4.9
+1.4
+1.7
-0.6
-0.2
± 0.0
Template: election chart / maintenance / notes
Remarks:
e 2004 as PDS
German seats in the European Parliament
      
A total of 99 seats
Sample of the ballot paper from Berlin
After the European elections in 2009, the Pirate Party Germany experienced a very strong increase in members: Here is a poster of the Pirate Party Germany for the European elections 2009 in Mainz-Altstadt on freedom of information and "against surveillance and censorship".

The European elections in Germany 2009 took place on June 7, 2009. It was carried out in the course of the EU- wide European elections in 2009 , with 99 of the 736 seats in the European Parliament in Germany . In addition to the six parties already represented in the European Parliament ( SPD , CDU , CSU , Bündnis 90 / Die Grünen , FDP and Die Linke ), 26 other parties and other political associations took part in the election . The polling stations were open between 8 a.m. and 6 p.m.

requirements

Results of the 2004 European elections

From the 2004 European elections , the CDU emerged as the party with the highest number of votes; together with the CSU, it won 44.5% of the votes and 49 of the 99 German seats. The SPD, on the other hand, lost a lot and only got 23 seats (21.5% of the vote). The third strongest party was the Greens with 13 seats (11.9%), followed by the PDS (predecessor party of the Left ) and FDP with 7 seats each (6.1%). Since voter turnout in European elections is traditionally rather low, the sometimes significant deviations from the results at national level (e.g. in the case of federal elections) can be attributed, among other things, to the importance that the voters of different parties generally ascribe to European elections.

Political run-up to the 2009 election in Germany

In Germany, the 2009 European elections were part of the primary campaign for the 2009 Bundestag election . It was therefore often seen as a “test election” for them, in which the various parties could position themselves for the first time and, for example, test the response to certain election campaign topics.

In the media, however, the European elections initially had little presence in comparison with other events, such as the election of the Federal President on May 23, 2009 ; The parties' election campaigns were also rather unspectacular. Attention was drawn to a campaign by the SPD in which it directly attacked other parties with slogans such as financial sharks would vote for the FDP or hot air would vote for the left . Even if there are some historical models (such as the CDU's red sock campaign in 1994), this form of negative election campaign is otherwise rather unusual in elections in Germany.

Electoral system

The legal basis for the European elections in Germany is the European Election Act , which refers to the Federal Election Act in many areas . The election is a proportional representation , which means that each party receives seats according to their share of the nationwide valid votes. However, only parties were considered that achieved at least five percent of the valid votes nationwide . (The five percent hurdle was subsequently declared unconstitutional in 2011, but this did not lead to a reallocation of the seats. The 2014 European elections took place in Germany without a threshold clause.)

In contrast to the Bundestag election , in the European elections the voter only has one vote with which he can elect a party or other political association. Most parties ran with nationwide election lists , only the CDU and CSU provided state lists. The 15 national lists of the CDU were linked, that is, the votes obtained were added up for the total number of seats of the CDU and these seats were then distributed to the individual lists. The CSU only competed in Bavaria, but their nationwide share of the vote counted for overcoming the five percent hurdle, so they had to win 33.4% of the Bavarian votes, with 48.1% they managed to move in. With the same voter turnout in Bavaria and in the rest of Germany as in the European elections in 2004, around 36% of the Bavarian votes would have been required, since the turnout in Bavaria in 2004 was somewhat below the national average.

In 2009, seats were no longer allocated according to the Hare-Niemeyer procedure , but for the first time according to the Sainte-Laguë procedure . The electoral lists were closed; that is, the seats allotted to the nominations were filled in exactly the order specified on the list. Unlike, for example, in some local elections, the voter could not change the order.

All Union citizens who had reached the age of 18 on election day at the latest and who had German citizenship or a place of residence in Germany were eligible to vote and to vote in Germany. German citizens living in other EU countries, as well as EU foreigners living in Germany, had to decide whether they wanted to vote in their home country or in the country of their residence. EU foreigners who wanted to vote in Germany had to be entered in the electoral register in advance.

Parties

A total of 32 parties and other political associations competed in the European elections, 30 of them with nationwide lists and two - the two Union parties - with state lists. Eight other parties had submitted nationwide lists, but were not approved by the federal election committee . The order of the parties on the ballot papers was different depending on the federal state: It was based on the number of votes that were obtained by the respective party in the last European elections in the respective state. The newly participating parties and political associations were then listed in alphabetical order.

Top candidates

The top candidates of the parties drawn into the European Parliament were:

Survey

Before the election day, opinion research institutes conducted representative polls :

Institute date CDU CSU SPD GREEN FDP LEFT Others
Research group elections 05/29/2009 39% 25% 10% 10% 8th % 8th %
Infratest dimap 05/28/2009 33% 6% 26% 12% 9% 7% 7%
Infratest dimap 07/05/2009 31% 6% 28% 12% 10% 8th % 5%
GESS 04/22/2009 39% 27% 13% 10% 6% 5%
Infratest dimap 04/03/2009 30% 6% 28% 13% 10% 8th % 5%

Official end result

The Federal Returning Officer announced the following final result:

2009 2004 Difference 2009-2004
number % number % number %
Eligible voters 62.222.873 100.0 61,682,394 100.0 +540.479 +1.0
voter turnout 26,923,614 43.3 26,523,104 43.0 +400,510 +0.3
Invalid votes 590.170 2.2 739.426 2.8 −149.256 −0.6
Valid votes 26,333,444 97.8 25,783,678 97.2 +549.766 +0.6
Party / organization European party Voices 2009 Seats
2009 		Voices 2004 Seats
2004 		Difference 2009-2004
number % number % be right % Seats
CDU EPP 8,071,391 30.7 34 9,412,997 36.5 40 −1.341.606 −5.9 −6
SPD SPE 5,472,566 20.8 23 5,547,971 21.5 23 −75,405 −0.7 ± 0
GREEN EGP 3,194,509 12.1 14th 3,079,728 11.9 13 +114.781 +0.2 +1
FDP ELDR 2,888,084 11.0 12 1,565,431 6.1 7th +1,322,653 +4.9 +5
THE LEFT Tbsp 1,969,239 7.5 8th 1,579,109 6.1 7th +390.130 +1.4 +1
CSU EPP 1,896,762 7.2 8th 2,063,900 8.0 9 −167.138 −0.8 −1
FW FREE VOTERS 442,579 1.7 - - +442.579 +1.7
REP 347,887 1.3 485,662 1.9 −137.775 −0.6
The animal welfare party 289,694 1.1 331,388 1.3 −41,694 −0.2
FAMILY 252.121 1.0 268,468 1.0 −16.347 -0.1
PIRATES 229.464 0.9 - - +229.464 +0.9
PENSIONER 212.501 0.8 - - +212.501 +0.8
ödp 134,893 0.5 145,537 0.6 −10,644 −0.1
DVU 111,695 0.4 - - +111,695 +0.4
RRP 102.174 0.4 - - +102.174 +0.4
THE WOMEN 86,663 0.3 145.312 0.6 −58,649 −0.2
PBC ECPM 80,688 0.3 98,651 0.4 −17,963 −0.1
Referendum 69,656 0.3 135.015 0.5 −65.359 −0.3
50plus 68,578 0.3 - - + 68,578 +0.3
THE GRAY 57,775 0.2 - - +57,775 +0.2
BP EFA 55,779 0.2 35,152 0.1 +20,627 +0.1
THE VIOLETS 46,355 0.2 - - +46,355 +0.2
Peoples' decisions 39,996 0.2 - - +39.996 +0.2
CM 39,953 0.2 46,037 0.2 −6.084 ± 0
ON ECPM 37,894 0.1 - - +37,894 +0.1
START 31,013 0.1 43,128 0.2 −12,115 ± 0
FBI 30,885 0.1 - - +30,885 +0.1
DKP Tbsp 25,615 0.1 37,160 0.1 −11,545 ± 0
Newropeans Newropeans 14,708 0.1 - - +14,708 +0.1
EDE EDE 11,772 0.0 - - +11,772 ± 0
BüSo 10,909 0.0 21,983 0.1 −11,074 ± 0
PSG 9,646 0.0 25,795 0.1 −16.149 −0.1
Rest - - 715.254 2.8 −715.254 −2.8

As in the 2004 European elections, the CDU or CSU , SPD , Bündnis 90 / Die Grünen , FDP and Die Linke entered the European Parliament.

Elected MPs

The elected representatives from Germany can be found in the list of members of the 7th European Parliament (sortable overview).

Regional differences

European elections in the old federal states and West Berlin in 2009
Turnout: 43.5% (+ 0.2%)
 %
40
30th
20th
10
0
39.6
21.9
13.2
11.5
3.9
1.8
1.2
6.8
Otherwise.
Gains and losses
compared to
 % p
   6th
   4th
   2
   0
  -2
  -4
  -6
  -8th
-7.3
-1.0
± 0.0
+5.1
+2.2
+1.8
-0.6
-0.3
Otherwise.
European elections in the new federal states and East Berlin in 2009
Turnout: 42.1% (- 0.1%)
 %
40
30th
20th
10
0
30.2
23.2
15.9
8.4
7.3
1.8
1.1
12.1
Otherwise.
Gains and losses
compared to
 % p
   4th
   2
   0
  -2
  -4
-4.0
-2.0
+0.3
+3.7
+0.7
-0.4
+1.1
+0.5
Otherwise.

Votes on the election result

While a loss of over 6 percentage points was already expected for the Union, the SPD election result, which was again worse than in the 2004 European elections, hit the Social Democrats by surprise. In view of the predicted heavy Union losses and clear SPD gains in the pre-election polls, the then SPD chairman Franz Müntefering had in advance of the probably crashing black CDU / CSU bars during the first profit / loss forecast graphics on ARD and ZDF joked.

Elective test

54 appeals were lodged with the German Bundestag against the validity of the election . Among them were ten objections that criticized the unconstitutionality of the five percent clause .

Several electoral review complaints were filed with the Federal Constitutional Court against the rejection of these objections by the Bundestag on July 8, 2010 . One of the complainants was the constitutional lawyer Hans Herbert von Arnim . In his opinion, the five percent clause should be dropped because it skews the result for no good reason. Eight MPs - two each from the CDU, SPD and Greens, one each from the CSU and FDP - would therefore wrongly hold their mandate. Eight representatives of smaller parties such as the Free Voters, the Animal Welfare Party and the ÖDP would move up for them. In doing so, Arnim relies on the Lisbon judgment of the Federal Constitutional Court, from which it emerges that the five percent clause, as it applies to federal elections, cannot be justified in European elections. The election review complaint raised by Arnim supported 500 citizens, including 30 constitutional lawyers, by declaring membership.

The Federal Constitutional Court negotiated three of the electoral review complaints orally on May 3, 2011, the verdict was pronounced on November 9, 2011. According to this, the five percent blocking clause in Germany is unconstitutional, but this did not result in any subsequent change in the distribution of seats determined in 2009 thus only came into effect in the 2014 European elections .

The following table shows the change in the distribution of seats that would have resulted from the elimination of the threshold clause.

Political party Share of votes Seats (with
threshold clause)		 Seats (without
threshold)		 difference
CDU 30.7% 34 32 −2
SPD 20.8% 23 21st −2
GREEN 12.1% 14th 12 −2
FDP 11.0% 12 11 −1
THE LEFT 7.5% 8th 8th 0
CSU 7.2% 8th 7th −1
FREE VOTERS 1.7% 0 2 +2
REP 1.3% 0 1 +1
Animal welfare party 1.1% 0 1 +1
FAMILY 1.0% 0 1 +1
PIRATES 0.9% 0 1 +1
PENSIONER 0.8% 0 1 +1
ÖDP 0.5% 0 1 +1
19 other parties 3.5% 0 0 0
total 100.0% 99 99 0

See also

literature

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b Federal result. Final result of the 2009 European elections ( memento of the original from June 12, 2009 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. The Federal Returning Officer  @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.bundeswahlleiter.de
  2. ↑ Section 40 (1) EuWO
  3. ↑ http://www.bverfg.de/entscheidungen/cs20111109_2bvc000410.html
  4. ↑ Archive link ( Memento of the original from April 7, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.  @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.bundeswahlleiter.de
  5. ↑ See press release of the Federal Returning Officer on the authorized parties ( memento of the original of April 14, 2009 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. dated April 20, 2009. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.bundeswahlleiter.de
  6. ↑ See press release by the Federal Returning Officer on the lists submitted ( memento of the original of April 14, 2009 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. from April 1, 2009. The banned parties were: Allianz der Mitte (ADM), Allianz Graue Panther (AGP), Federal Central Council of Blacks in Germany (ZRSD), Citizens 'Block , Citizens' Party Germany (BPD), German Future (DZ) , The PARTY and Pogo Party (POP). @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.bundeswahlleiter.de
  7. ↑ See press release by the Federal Returning Officer on the sequence on the ballot papers ( memento of the original from April 26, 2009 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. dated April 23, 2009. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.bundeswahlleiter.de
  8. ↑ a b c wahlrecht.de, polls for the European elections in Germany
  9. ↑ Germany trend on tagesschau.de
  10. ↑ Germany trend on tagesschau.de
  11. ^ Elections in Germany results in the old federal states and Berlin-West
  12. ^ Elections in Germany, results in the new federal states and East Berlin
  13. ↑ Michael Bröcker and Martin Kessler: The star of Franz Müntefering is sinking. RP Online, June 16, 2009, accessed June 21, 2012 .
  14. ↑ bundestag.de, review of the 2009 European elections, ( memento of the original from July 16, 2012 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. dated July 28, 2010 @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.bundestag.de
  15. ↑ Bundestag printed paper 17/2200, p. 3. (PDF; 1.8 MB)
  16. ↑ EurActiv , 12 Sep 2010: Constitutional complaint against the 2009 European elections .
  17. ↑ http://www.bundesverfassungsgericht.de/pressemitteilungen/bvg11-066.html
  18. ↑ See five percent clause unconstitutional in European elections
  19. ↑ [1]
  20. ↑ Hypothetical allocation of seats without a threshold clause using the example of the election result of the 2009 European elections. Wahlrecht.de, February 28, 2014, accessed on March 2, 2014 .