Gor (Granada)

Gor community
coat of arms	Map of Spain
Basic data
Autonomous Community :	Andalusia
Province :	Granada
Comarca :	Comarca de Guadix
Coordinates	37 ° 22 ′  N , 2 ° 58 ′  W Coordinates: 37 ° 22 ′  N , 2 ° 58 ′  W
Height :	1238  msnm
Area :	181.03 km²
Residents :	733 (Jan. 1, 2019)
Population density :	4.05 inhabitants / km²
Postal code :	18870
Municipality number  ( INE ):	18085
administration
Mayor :	Miguel Molina Soria ( PSOE )
Location of the municipality

Gor is a municipality in the province of Granada in southeastern Spain .

The center is located in a valley at the foot of the "Cerro de Gor". Other municipalities are Las Juntas, Las Viñas, Cenascuras, Los Balcones, La Rambla Valdiquín, Los Corrales, El Royo Serval and La Estación de Gorafe.

history

Because of the abundance of water and the regional mines, Gor has been a stopover between Granada and the eastern regions of the peninsula since time immemorial and made it possible for prehistoric humans to settle in this area. Excavations in the zone show that the Neanderthals also lived in the zone. Above all, however, remnants from the Neolithic Age such as ceramics, arrowheads, stone axes and bones were found, dating back to around 2500 BC. Chr. Estimates. Archaeological finds from the III. IV. And the 5th century BC show that the area has been continuously populated to this day.

Remains of the Via Hercúlea, later Via Augusta, as well as numerous remains of Roman settlements (e.g. Cortijo Rodrigo, Cortijo de Nicolás etc.) in which many ceramic finds were made can be found in the area around Gor. Copper coins of the emperors Augustus, Claudius and Constantine, who ruled in their time, were also found in this area.

In the middle of the sixth century the zone was occupied by the Byzantines. Between 589 and 610, the areas of Basti (Baza) and Acci (Guadix) were often battlefields where the Byzantines and Visigoths fought. The Visigoths were finally able to stop the hostile Byzantines between Guadix and Baza and thus marked a border in this zone. In the years between 612 and 621 the Byzantines were finally ousted from the area.

In 713, Abd Al-Aziz entered Gor as the Arab conqueror of southeastern Hispania. In many Arabic writings from the XII. and XIII. This entry is documented in the 18th century and names the castle fortress, which is dependent on Guadix, with Gun or Gur. Since the arrival of Al-Aziz, Gor has been ruled by the Nasrid Emirates and serves as a defensive fortress under the Empire of Granada. Between 1427 and 1428 the governor Muhammad Ben Muhammad Al-Juljal sold the lands of the fortress Gor to the inhabitants on behalf of the Nasrid king of Granada. At the end of the Nasrid rule and the almost complete reconquest of Spain (Reconquista) Gor was only inhabited by 30-40 people, as most of the residents moved to Guadix for fear of the impending war with the Spanish Catholics. Gor was ruled at that time by the city lord Abrahan el Bor, as the representative of the Nasrid leader from Guadix.

After Guadix was captured by the Spanish kings on December 30, 1489 and Gor was difficult to defend due to its territorial location between Baza and Guadix, the last Nasrid city lord handed the place over to the Spanish conquerors. Due to the voluntary handover, the city lord was allowed to continue to run the village until he decided to emigrate. This event was so significant that in 1490 it was recorded in a woodcut in the famous Toledo Cathedral in the choir stalls as the Reconquista (retaking) of Granada. In 1558 the church was built in Gor and thus the village continued to grow and was expanded around the old Arab quarter. Since the land was conquered by the Spanish kings, the Nasrids and Catholics lived peacefully together until the Moriscos, who made up 90 percent of the population, were expelled in 1570. A short time later, around 1571, Gors was resettled. Even 20 years later, the number of inhabitants, which in 1590 was 320 before the Moriscos were expelled, was not reached. From then on, the descendants of the Spanish kings from Castile ruled Gor. These also bring the so-called “encierros” bull runs and “corridas de toros” bullfights to Gor, which are intended for amusement and entertainment and are already mentioned in Gor in old documents from 1622. The encierros, who originally intended to lure the bulls into the arena, are considered to be one of the oldest encierros in Spain.

In 1810, Napoleon Bonaparte's French troops entered Gor and occupied it. With them came the war. The French occupied the whole area for more than two years.

In 1826 there were 1546 inhabitants in Gor, which means that the population density had increased significantly since the new settlement.

Gor reached its heyday in 1940 with a total of 6,400 inhabitants. However, this decreased again considerably from the 1960s, when many residents emigrated due to the poor economic situation and the great misery that prevailed in Spain at that time. Because of this misery, almost all of the remains of the Nasrid fortress were sold to the city of Granada in the 1950s. The former fortress is now a bullring, where the traditional corridas de toros (bullfights) take place every year. The foundation walls of the towers are still standing today and are under monument protection.

Web links

Commons : Gor  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Cifras oficiales de población resultantes de la revisión del Padrón municipal a 1 de enero . Population statistics from the Instituto Nacional de Estadística (population update).