Großbreitenbach (district)

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Großbreitenbach
Rural community town of Großbreitenbach
Großbreitenbach coat of arms
Coordinates: 50 ° 34 ′ 58 ″  N , 11 ° 0 ′ 38 ″  E
Height : 630 m
Area : 19.6 km²
Residents : 2582  (December 31, 2017)
Population density : 132 inhabitants / km²
Incorporation : 1st January 2019
Postal code : 98701
Area code : 036781
The town hall of Großbreitenbach
The town hall of Großbreitenbach

Großbreitenbach is a district of the same rural community city Grossbreitenbach and a nationally recognized resort in the Ilm-Kreis in Thuringia .

geography

Großbreitenbach is located in the Thuringian Slate Mountains about 50 kilometers south of Erfurt and about 15 kilometers southeast of Ilmenau between the Long Mountain in the north, the Schwarza valley in the southeast and the Rennsteig in the southwest. The district of Großbreitenbach is around 600 meters above sea level on a plateau above the Schwarza Valley, as are the north-eastern districts of Böhlen, Gillersdorf, Friedersdorf, Wildenspring, Willmersdorf, Herschdorf and Allersdorf. To the west of Großbreitenbach are the districts of Altenfeld (in the Oelze valley ) and Neustadt with the hamlet of Kahlert directly on the ridge of the Rennsteig mountains.

history

City charter from 1855

Großbreitenbach was first mentioned in 1399 . At that time the place was called Breytenbach . The interpretation of the name is hardly a mystery. The first settlers probably settled in a wide area near the stream of the same name today . It is also possible interpretation from the Middle High German Gebreite as arable width or field . However, due to the geographical conditions, this can be almost completely ruled out.

There is talk of the first settlements in 1150, but they can very probably be assumed to be wrong, because in a document of the Schwarzburg counts from 1190 there is no mention of this area.

In 1550 the place was given market rights. In 1621 Großbreitenbach was raised to the status of a patch and in 1855 it finally became a town. In 1848 the fifth Thuringian People's Day was held here in the course of the March Revolution . The city's shooting club was founded in 1603. It is the oldest club in town. A rectory in Großbreitenbach has been known since 1645. In 1660 the first pharmacy was opened by Johann-Matthias Mylius. Since 1777 there was also porcelain production in Großbreitenbach . However, it no longer exists today. In 1868, Großbreitenbach was largely destroyed by a city fire.

The railway reached the city in 1883 through the Ilmenau – Großbreitenbach line . The new Großbreitenbach school building was opened in 1912. In 1915 a large glass factory for hollow glass was built. It was on the Katzstein. Until 1918 the place belonged to the sovereignty of the principality of Schwarzburg-Sondershausen .

At the beginning of the National Socialist era in July 1933, 60 political opponents were interrogated, again on October 12th, during which brutal beatings took place. A total of 46 citizens were victims of political persecution.

During the Second World War had 400 men and women mainly from the Soviet Union forced labor do: in the glass and metal work Carl Lincke , in . Cigar factory Carl July Klein , the sawmill Carl Macholdt , in the hollow glass industry Hermann Bulle , in glassworks Wiegand & Schmidt , in at Siemens & Halske and in the forestry office.

On April 11, 1945, the city was handed over to the troops of the US Army without a fight, thus preventing destruction and expected deaths. In 1959 the city's campsite was opened. In 1965 a training center for biathlon was opened , in which Peter Sendel and the siblings Andrea and Manuela Henkel also completed their first training units. In 1984 the school building at Markt 13 was rebuilt and used as House 2 of the town hall. The local library of Großbreitenbach is located here today.

In 1994 Großbreitenbach came to the Ilm district and became a member of the Großbreitenbach administrative association . On January 1, 2019, as part of the regional reform, this was converted into the city and rural community of Großbreitenbach.

Population development

Development of the population (from 1994: December 31) :

  • 1530: 0550
  • 1843: 2.402
  • 1895: 2.830
  • 1910: 3,255
  • 1939: 4,070
  • 1955: 4,385
  • 1977: 4.244
  • 1989: 3.789
  • 1994: 3,338
  • 1995: 3,317
  • 1996: 3,220
  • 1997: 3,298
  • 1998: 3.195
  • 1999: 3.181
  • 2000: 3.136
  • 2001: 3.120
  • 2002: 3,079
  • 2003: 3.022
  • 2004: 2,963
  • 2005: 2,895
  • 2006: 2,786
  • 2007: 2,751
  • 2008: 2,733
  • 2009: 2,700
  • 2010: 2,688
  • 2011: 2,647
  • 2012: 2,636
  • 2013: 2,600
  • 2014: 2,618
  • 2015: 2,615
  • 2016: 2,615
  • 2017: 2,582
Data source from 1994: Thuringian State Office for Statistics

politics

"Johannisturm" (bell tower in the city center)

Local council

The local council for Großbreitenbach was elected for the first time in the local elections in Thuringia on May 26, 2019. Before that, the former members of the town council of Großbreitenbach had acted as local councils since the formation of the rural community Großbreitenbach.

The local council has the following 10 members and the local mayor:

  • CDU / UL (CDU / Independent List): 4 seats
  • GBB 2000 (Großbreitenbach 2000): 3 seats
  • UWG (Independent Voting Association): 3 seats

Mayor / local mayor

The former honorary mayor of Großbreitenbach, Hans-Jürgen Beier, acted as “Commissioner of the City of Großbreitenbach” from September 19, 2018 to December 31, 2018 after the end of his term of office. On December 13, 2018, Volker Hertwig was elected 1st alderman. He carried out his duties from January 1, 2019 until the newly elected mayor took office.

On May 26, 2019, during the local elections in Thuringia , the new mayor of Großbreitenbach was also determined. Of the two applicants, Nico Röser (CDU / UL) was elected for a five-year term with 64.8% of the valid votes cast.

former mayor (incomplete list)

coat of arms

Blazon : "A wild man with a wreath and apron growing out of a green three-mountain topped with three gold flowers , in his right hand a blue painting lock, in the raised left two associated blue keys."

The coat of arms comes from a municipal seal from the 16th century with the inscription S. DER GEMEIN ZU BREIDENBACH VDDW (= uff dem Doringer Walde). The peculiarly designed painting and throwing lock is still kept in the town hall today. In a fair predict by Pastor Holtzhey from 1702, a reference to a "glorious Wald-Mal-Schloß" is given; It was necessary to close or keep the road through the Thuringian Forest so that not everyone could get through. The wild man seems to be a reference to the princes of Schwarzburg, the Dreiberg points to the location of the city in the Thuringian Forest, the flowers are reminiscent of collecting medicinal herbs.

Town twinning

Culture and sights

The old tower (also called Johannisturm ) is the remnant of the Johanniskirche, which collapsed in 1753 and was built in 1570. The replacement building, the St. Trinity Church from 1680/90 is the largest timber frame church in Thuringia and has late Gothic altars and baroque statues. Also worth seeing are the town hall with the prince's fountain on the market and the Thuringian dumpling press museum.

The Großbreitenbacher swimming pool is one of the largest outdoor pools in the region with a water surface of 4000 m². There is also a campsite immediately adjacent.

A memorial from 1965 on the corner of Südstrasse and Parkstrasse next to the school, which was named Theodor Neubauer in GDR times , commemorates all victims of fascism .

Economy and Transport

Women of the "Fidel Castro" brigade assembling in VEB Relaistechnik 1979
An interview with farmers from the MTS youth brigade "Ruth Krannich"
railway station

Previously was VEB relay technology the most important employer in the city. Today, companies in the metal , plastics and glass industries are mainly based in Großbreitenbach ; Wiegand-Glas is the largest employer with its glass and PET divisions.

From Großbreitenbach roads lead to Gehren (Landesstrasse 1047), Katzhütte , Böhlen and Altenfeld . From 1883 to 1998 the city was the end point of the Ilmenau – Großbreitenbach railway line .

Personalities

Honorary citizen

  • Johannes Machold (1906–1947), posthumous honorary citizenship for the surrender of the city without a fight in World War II
  • Max Kahl (1882–1956), posthumous honorary citizenship for the surrender of the city without a fight in World War II
  • Ernst Macholdt (1898–1973), posthumous honorary citizenship for the surrender of the city without a fight in World War II
  • Joachim Wiegand (* 1935), entrepreneur, founder of Neue Glaswerke Großbreitenbach GmbH
  • Konrad Wiegand (* 1937), entrepreneur, founder of Neue Glaswerke Großbreitenbach GmbH
  • Peter Sendel (* 1972), biathlete , Olympic champion and world champion

sons and daughters of the town

Personalities who have worked on site

  • Friedrich Wilhelm Delkeskamp (1794–1872), painter and engraver , lived in Großbreitenbach in 1815, where he learned to paint on porcelain
  • Carl Bühl (1839–1898), owner of the former Greiner porcelain factory in Großbreitenbach and member of the Schwarzburg special houses state parliament
  • Paul Sauerbrey (1876–1932), politician (SPD, USPD), worked from 1907 to 1911 as district workers and trade union secretary for Großbreitenbach and the surrounding area
  • Roland Hoffmann (* 1938), emeritus regional bishop of the Evangelical Lutheran Church in Thuringia, 1965 to 1976 pastor in the parish of Großbreitenbach
  • Petra Enders (* 1965), politician, member of the Thuringian state parliament from 2004 to 2012, since July 1, 2012 district administrator of the Ilm district
  • Manuela Henkel (* 1974), cross-country skier, Olympic champion and world champion
  • Andrea Henkel (* 1977), biathlete, Olympic champion and world champion

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Our New Newspaper, October 2nd edition, No. 21-2008, p. 13
  2. ↑ Thuringian Association of the Persecuted of the Nazi Regime - Association of Antifascists and Study Group of German Resistance 1933–1945 (ed.): Heimatgeschichtlicher Wegweiser to places of resistance and persecution 1933–1945, series: Heimatgeschichtliche Wegweiser Volume 8 Thüringen, Erfurt 2003, p. 142 , ISBN 3-88864-343-0
  3. ↑ Thuringian Law and Ordinance Gazette No. 14/2018 p. 795 ff. , Accessed on January 1, 2019
  4. ^ Source for Schwarzburgische and Saxon places: Johann Friedrich Kratzsch : Lexicon of all localities of the German federal states . Naumburg, 1843. Available online from Google Books . Source for Prussian places: Handbook of the Province of Saxony. Magdeburg, 1843. Available online at Google Books
  5. ^ Michael Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. Population figures. (Online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006).
  6. ↑ Population development since 1989 (TLUG) ( Memento of the original from October 29, 2012 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (PDF; 18 kB) @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.tlug-jena.de
  7. ↑ a b Official Journal of the Landgemeinde Stadt Großbreitenbach No. 9/2019 of June 9, 2019
  8. ↑ Mayor. City of Großbreitenbach, accessed on September 22, 2018 .
  9. ^ Official Journal of the rural community of Großbreitenbach . Volume 30, Issue 1, January 11, 2019.
  10. ^ Lydia Rosenfelder: Stasi-IM in the Thuringian state parliament. His code name was Fritz Kaiser . In: faz.net, November 26, 2014. Retrieved November 26, 2014.
  11. ^ New Thuringian Wappenbuch Volume 2, page 13; Publisher: Arbeitsgemeinschaft Thüringen eV 1998 ISBN 3-9804487-2-X

Web links

Commons : Großbreitenbach  - album with pictures, videos and audio files