Inditex
| Industria de Diseño Textil SA
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|---|---|
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| legal form | Sociedad Anónima (SA) |
| ISIN | ES0148396007 |
| founding | 1985 |
| Seat |
Arteixo , Spain
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| management | Pablo Isla Álvarez de Tejera ( CEO ) |
| Number of employees | 174,386 (2018) |
| sales | 26.145 billion euros (2018) |
| Branch | Fashion, retail |
| Website | www.inditex.com |
| Status: 2018 | |
Inditex ( Industria de Diseño Textil SA) is one of the largest textile companies in the world, based in Arteixo , a suburb of A Coruña in Galicia ( Spain ).
history
After having been active in the textile sector since 1963, Amancio Ortega founded the textile company Zara in 1975 with the opening of a first branch in A Coruña . In 1985, the entrepreneur combined his textile activities under the name Inditex. After the company's international expansion began in 1988 with the opening of a Zara branch in Porto , it expanded in 1991 with the establishment of the Pull & Bear brand and the takeover of a 65% stake in Massimo Dutti , which increased to 100% by 1996 has been. The Bershka brand was founded in 1998 and Stradivarius was taken over in 1999. In 2000, the company relocated its headquarters to Arteixo near A Coruña. In 2001 the underwear chain Oysho was founded and the Inditex Group went public on May 23rd. 2002–2003 Inditex set up a second European logistics center in Saragossa . The subsidiary Zara Home opened its first stores in 2003 and also launched the group's first online store in 2007. The group's 2000th branch opened in 2004 in Hong Kong . Inditex was now active in 56 countries. In 2007 two new logistics centers went into operation , in Meco ( Madrid ) and Onzonilla ( León ). In 2008 Inditex founded the new subsidiary Uterqüe , which exclusively offers accessories in its branches. In the same year, the 4,000th store opened in Tokyo .
Business activity
Inditex has been represented on the German market since 1999 by subsidiaries such as Zara , Massimo Dutti, Zara Home, Bershka and, more recently, Pull & Bear. After strong expansion with more than 200 new stores in 2006, Zara made the most profit in the Inditex group. In 2008 Inditex opened 573 stores worldwide and is now represented with retail branches in 73 countries. In 2009, 92,301 employees in 4607 branches generated sales of 11.804 billion euros and a net profit of 1.3 billion euros.
In 2009 Inditex opened its branches in Syria. Inditex began selling in China with its retail chains such as Stradivarius , Bershka and Pull & Bear . In the same year, a new distribution center was put into operation in Palafolls near Barcelona, in addition to the existing logistics facilities in Tordera , province of Barcelona . In 2010 the first branches opened in Bulgaria, India and Kazakhstan, so Inditext achieved a presence in 77 countries. With the opening of the Zara branch in the center of the historic city center of Rome , the group reached the 5000 mark in its branches in 2010. In 2011 the branches in Taiwan, Azerbaijan, Australia, South Africa and Peru started selling. The Inditex Group is thus expanding its sales by five more countries and increasing the number to 5500 branches in more than 82 countries. To strengthen the multichannel strategy, the Group's internet sales and the opening of the Zara online shop in the USA and Japan were launched in 2011. At the general assembly in the same year, Pablo Isla Álvarez de Tejera became President of the Inditex Group.
In 2012 Inditex opened its first branches in Armenia, Bosnia-Herzegovina, Ecuador, Georgia and Macedonia and thus had 6,000 branches worldwide.
At the beginning of December 2015 it was announced that Inditex was able to increase its sales by 16% in the first nine months of the year compared to 2014. Total sales rose to over 17 billion euros and profit increased by 20% to over two billion euros. The company now operates 6,913 stores worldwide. Between February and October 2015 alone, 230 new stores were opened. The Zara Home and Oysho brands achieved the greatest leaps in profits .
The business figures for the year 2018 were announced on March 15, 2017 as follows: Sales increased by 3.2% to 26.145 billion compared to the previous year. Business profit grew 2.3% and was 3.444 billion in 2018. This result was achieved in 7,490 stores and with 174,386 employees.
Brands
The Inditex Group includes (as of 2012):
- Zara - fashionable, up-to-date clothing and accessories for women, men and children in the low price segment
- Zara Home - home items (bed linen, table linen, swimwear, towels, etc.) in the low price segment
- Pull & Bear - sporty casual wear for young women and men in the lower middle price segment (since 1991; approx. 750 shops in 49 countries)
- Massimo Dutti - stylish and elegant fashion collections for women and men in the low mid-price segment (established as a men's brand in 1985, bought by Inditex from 1991; approx. 570 shops in 51 countries)
- Bershka - casual leisure fashion for young women and men in the low price segment (since 1998; over 800 shops in 57 countries)
- Stradivarius - basic leisure fashion for young women in the low price segment (more than 680 stores in 46 countries)
- Oysho - youthful women's collection with underwear, nightwear, swimwear, home clothing, etc. in the low price segment (since 2001; approx. 575 shops in 40 countries)
- Uterqüe - fashionable, elegant women's fashion in the higher mid-price segment (since 2008; approx. 90 shops in 17 countries)
- lefties - sportswear brand for young women and men’s clothing and accessories in the lowest price segment (originally designed as Zara outlets ; over 100 shops in Spain, Portugal and France)
- Kiddy's Class / Skhuaban - A chain of children's fashion stores established in 2001 in Spain, Portugal, France, Greece and Italy
- Tempe - Inditex company that makes shoes and accessories for the other brands in the group
criticism
working conditions
In December 2011 it became known that a Brazilian supplier to Inditex in São Paulo had been employing and exploiting Bolivian workers under slave-like conditions for years . The workers lived in sleeping quarters above the factory, the working conditions were degrading and harmful to health, it was reported. As a result, the Brazilian Ministry of Labor waived a fine of 1.4 million euros to Inditex.
Toxins in clothing
One week after the publication of the study “Toxic Threads - The Big Fashion Stitch-Up” on toxins in branded textiles, the Spanish clothing chain Zara and the parent company Inditex are taking action and want to achieve a complete end to the use of toxins in the manufacture of clothing. After the report by the environmental organization Greenpeace also found toxins in Zara clothing, the company plans to start the elimination process in 2013 and examine more than 100 suppliers. The company also joins the “ Roadmap to Zero ” initiative, an initiative launched in 2011 by competitors Adidas, C&A, H&M, Li Ning, Nike and Puma, which the Esprit fashion house has now also joined.
Tax avoidance
In 2016, criticism came from the Greens in the EU Parliament in the direction of tax avoidance . The branches of the fashion chain Zara would only make small profits or losses and therefore hardly pay taxes, while the parts of the company that deliver to the branches concentrate their business activities on low-tax countries such as Ireland or the Netherlands . They are said to have saved 585 million euros across Europe between 2011 and 2014 at the expense of other countries.
Web links
- Inditex website
- Marco Metzler: The richest man in Europe. In: NZZ on Sunday 12 August 2012
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c "Inditex Annual Report 2018". In: Website Inditex, accessed on November 17, 2019.
- ^ Trayectoria ( Memento from March 1, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) on inditex.com, accessed July 28, 2013.
- ↑ "Inditex eleva su beneficio un 20% y gana 2,020 millones en nueve meses." In: El País of December 10, 2015
- ↑ Zara's slaves SZ Online from December 22, 2011
- ^ Announcement on Greenpeace website , November 28, 2012
- ↑ EU Greens denounce Zara for tax avoidance on ORF of December 8, 2016, accessed on December 8, 2016.
Coordinates: 43 ° 18 ′ 57 " N , 8 ° 29 ′ 54" W.