Yefremov
city
Efremov
Efremov
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List of cities in Russia |
Jefremow ( Russian Ефремов ) is a city in Tula Oblast ( Russia ) with 42,350 inhabitants (as of October 14, 2010).
geography
The city is located about 150 km south of the oblast capital Tula on the Krassiwaya Metscha , a right tributary of the Don .
Jefremow is administratively directly subordinate to the Oblast and at the same time the administrative center of the Rajon of the same name .
history
Yefremov was founded in 1637 as a fortress to protect the southern borders of the Russian Empire at that time. The name is derived from the Russian first name - here presumably the first fortress commander - Yefrem . Towards the end of the century the fortress lost its military importance.
In 1777 the town charter was granted as the administrative center of a district ( Ujesds ) in the Tula governorate .
From the 1930s onwards, Yefremow was developed into a center for the chemical industry in particular.
During the Second World War , Yefremov was occupied by the German Wehrmacht on November 23, 1941 , and was recaptured on December 13, 1941 by the Red Army's southwestern front in a counter-attack in the direction of Yelez .
Population development
year | Residents |
---|---|
1897 | 9,038 |
1926 | 9,993 |
1939 | 26,708 |
1959 | 28,672 |
1970 | 48,156 |
1979 | 52,967 |
1989 | 56,740 |
2002 | 47,256 |
2010 | 42,350 |
Note: census data (1926 rounded)
Culture and sights
The city has a local museum.
Economy and Infrastructure
In Jefremov there are chemical industry (plant for synthetic synthetic rubber , built between 1931 and 1933, and others; the end of a branch of the Urengoy - Uzhhorod natural gas pipeline ), mechanical engineering, the textile and food industry and the construction industry.
The city lies on the railway line Moscow - Uslowaya - Yelez - Waluiki, opened on this section in 1874 (route kilometers 342).
The M4 Moscow - Voronezh - Rostov-on-Don - Novorossiysk highway bypasses the city to the east. From this branch the regional roads R120 to Orjol , R126 via Dankow and Ryashsk to Ryazan and R141 (cross connection to the M2 between Shchokino and Plawsk ).
Personalities
- Iwan Bunin (1870–1953), writer, Nobel Prize winner for literature ; lived and worked in Yefremov from 1906 to 1910
- Konstantin Ivanov (1907–1984), conductor, including chief conductor of the State Symphony Orchestra of the USSR ; born in Yefremov
- Vladimir Myasishchev (1902–1978), aircraft designer; born in Yefremov
- Pafnuti Chebyshev (1821–1894), mathematician; lived and worked at times on his country estate in Wytemka near Jefremow
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b Itogi Vserossijskoj perepisi naselenija 2010 goda. Tom 1. Čislennostʹ i razmeščenie naselenija (Results of the All-Russian Census 2010. Volume 1. Number and distribution of the population). Tables 5 , pp. 12-209; 11 , pp. 312–979 (download from the website of the Federal Service for State Statistics of the Russian Federation)
Web links
- City unofficial website (Russian)
- Yefremov on mojgorod.ru (Russian)