Bogensee

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Bogensee
Bogensee.jpg
Geographical location Central Europe , Germany , Wandlitz
Tributaries Eiserlaake
Drain Eiserlaake → Pregnitzfließ → Finow Canal
Places on the shore Bogensee
Data
Coordinates 52 ° 46 '23 "  N , 13 ° 31' 51"  E Coordinates: 52 ° 46 '23 "  N , 13 ° 31' 51"  E
Bogensee (Brandenburg)
Bogensee
surface 9.2 ha
Maximum depth 2.5 m
Template: Infobox Lake / Maintenance / EVIDENCE AREA Template: Infobox Lake / Maintenance / EVIDENCE MAX DEPTH

The Bogensee belongs to the Lanke district of the Wandlitz community in the state of Brandenburg . It is located between the Wandlitz districts of Wandlitz , Prenden and Klosterfelde , about 15 kilometers north of the Berlin city limits. The lake became famous for the country house built here for Joseph Goebbels and its later use as a youth college for the FDJ . The buildings are under monument protection . The state of Berlin is the owner of Lake Bogensee.

The Bogensee

The oval lake covers an area of ​​around 9300 m² with a west-east extension (width) of around 180 meters and a north-south extension (length) of around 300 meters. It is a relic from the last ice age and is fed from spring meadows on its western shore area. The maximum depth is given as 2.50 meters.

There are no buildings immediately on its banks; neither a beach nor a riverside path are available. The lake is listed as F 03–125 fishing waters . There is (as of 2008) a nature trail created by the forest administration with information boards.

The level of awareness of this lake is based on the history of the development and in particular the use of these buildings during the Nazi era , the post-war period and the GDR era . These structures are located around 500 meters northwest of the lake shore.

History of development

From the 19th century to 1945

The Chamberlain and Privy Council of His Majesty, Count William of Rederns sold in 1919 be highly leveraged approximately 5000 hectares comprehensive and in 1876 acquired Gut Lanke with the Bogensee for nearly 20 million Reichsmarks to the magistrate of Berlin .

Goebbels' former log cabin (2011)

In 1936 the city of Berlin donated the Bogensee and 496.3 hectares of land with a log house built on the east bank of the lake to Reich Propaganda Minister Goebbels for his 39th birthday for life. Goebbels used the house as a "love nest". He also liked to invite celebrities from artistic circles and from politics to the Bogensee. Since the little house soon no longer met Goebbels' requirements, he had a new country estate built to the northwest of the lake some distance from the shore until 1939 according to a design by Heinrich Schweitzer under the direction of the architect Hugo Constantin Bartels . But already in 1942 Goebbels sold the property on Bogensee to Cautio Treuhand GmbH ; this did not change anything in terms of use by the minister.

Goebbels' country house (2008)

The main building with a hipped roof and natural stone base had 30 rooms with a floor area of ​​1600 m². There was also a farm building and a guest house with a conference room, which also housed SS guards. In 1944 the facility was given a house bunker due to the increasing air raids on Berlin and the surrounding area . The country house was equipped with its own water and sewage treatment plant, a barely visible air conditioning system, a cinema, windows that could be lowered downwards and a room with two chimneys. The UFA contributed 1.5 million Reichsmarks to the construction. Artists and actors such as Zarah Leander , Emil Jannings and Heinz Rühmann also met in the country house . The family's children attended school in the village of Wandlitz, where they were taken by carriage.

1945 to 1990

The area at Lake Bogensee, guarded by an SS elite unit, was occupied by Red Army troops during the Battle of Berlin at the end of April 1945 . In the following ten months of use by the Soviet armed forces, it served temporarily as a hospital . After the military had left the site on February 27, 1946, the site and buildings were handed over to the Provincial Youth Committee in early March 1946. Shortly thereafter, Erich Honecker , co-founder of the Free German Youth (FDJ), turned to the Soviet Military Administration in Germany (SMAD) with the request to set up a central youth leadership school, which, after approval by the Central Organizing Committee of the FDJ in the building complex on at the beginning of April 1946 Bogensee was set up. The central school of the FDJ was initially called Waldhof am Bogensee , which came from the pre-war period and was located above the main entrance of the Goebbels country estate.

Students at the youth college (1947/48)

A kindergarten, a consumer sales point, a hairdresser and living rooms for the director and administrative manager were housed in the country house. In May 1946 the first course began in the provisionally prepared youth school. Wolfgang Leonhard was one of the first lecturers .

In 1950 the FDJ youth college was named after the first president of the GDR , Wilhelm Pieck . On October 16, 1951, the foundation stone was laid for the extension of the university - the lesson building, boarding school ( called student residence ) and community center, as well as the design of the open and green spaces within the complex . The work was carried out according to plans and under the direction of the architect of Berlin's Stalinallee , Hermann Henselmann , in the style of socialist classicism . At first the students came from all parts of Germany, later the youth college welcomed more and more young people from friendly socialist countries. Therefore, in a second construction phase after 1980, a restaurant was set up in the country house for representative purposes and further new buildings - a sports hall, a boiler room and another boarding school building - completed the university complex. The second largest simultaneous system in the GDR with 18 foreign language booths and 560 seats was set up in the lesson building . The former guest house, today's forestry office, has been converted into a kindergarten and crèche .

From the mid-1970s on, students from capitalist countries also graduated from the youth college, including SDAJ members from West Germany , DKU members from Denmark and students from Greece, Chile and Grenada. Some students enrolled under a false identity because they were exposed to political persecution in their home countries.

In 1981 the press conference of Federal Chancellor Helmut Schmidt took place during his visit to the GDR in the youth college at Bogensee. In preparation, the grossest structural damage was repaired for around 70 million GDR marks , and the main building was given a fresh coat of paint.

Since 1990: Looking for a new use

JHS lesson building, 2007

With the fall of the Wall in the GDR, the youth college was wound up by the Treuhandanstalt , and the entire site fell back to the State of Berlin as the owner. In mid-June 1990, the meeting called by the then Ministry for Environmental Protection and Nuclear Safety of the de Maizière government , later called the Bogensee Conference , took place there, which sealed the sale of the GDR energy companies to the large West German electricity companies.

First, the non-profit International Federation for Social Work moved in as a user. Now young people have been trained in social work, and one building also served as a hotel. Because the concept was deficient, there were new projects afterwards, such as the International Education Center (IBC) from 1991 to 1999 . Since then, the listed buildings have been empty and left to decay. Thereafter, until 2005, the Berlin police took part in training courses once a year in the university buildings .

The operating costs to be borne by the State of Berlin amount to over 250,000 euros per year. The only operation on the site between the mid-2000s and 2008 was the Berlin Forest Administration with its administration in the former Goebbels log cabin and its forest school , which aims to bring children closer to the local nature. The buildings used by the forest school were renovated in 2010 under monument protection conditions. The property was advertised for sale worldwide in 2008. However, the bidding process initiated by Immobilienfonds Berlin was suspended in spring 2009, although many potential buyers had reported. The usage concepts submitted were unacceptable as they did not include the entire complex. The Goebbels log cabin , which is also empty , was badly damaged in a roof fire on May 14, 2015 and fell into disrepair. In the following years this house was demolished; currently (October 2019) the basement is free and will be filled.

In January 2015, a support association was founded to maintain the buildings and their use as an international academy with educational offers for academics from crisis areas.

The resolutions of the city of Berlin after 2015 provide that the area will not be sold. Firstly, no sensible usage concepts had emerged from further tenders and, secondly, those responsible fear that right-wing extremist groups could emerge as users through previous straw men after the ten-year usage period in the sales contract has expired . Specifically, the managing director of Berliner Immobilienmanagement GmbH , Birgit Möhring, said: “We cannot permanently influence who uses the property. And that's where we have a stomach ache. ”That is why we are striving to conclude a long-term lease.

The administration of the entire site is in the municipality of Wandlitz, which identifies the Bogensee area as a residential complex in the Lanke district .

literature

  • Klaus Peilicke: The development of the youth college "Wilhelm Pieck" as a center for the training and further education of functionaries of the Free German Youth from May 1955 to the beginning of the sixties , two volumes, Rostock 1983, DNB 860049116 ( Dissertation A University of Rostock 1983, 433 pages in volumes).
  • Stefan Berkholz: Goebbels' Waldhof am Bogensee. From love nest to GDR propaganda site . Chr. Links Verlag, 2004, ISBN 3-86153-340-5 .
  • Jana Dimmey and Katrin Matthes: Red chairs: The area at Bogensee, FDJ University and Goebbels country residence . Kehrer Verlag, 2009, ISBN 978-3-86828-084-5 .
  • Rainer Strzolka and Martina Hellmich: The FDJ party college at Bogensee near Berlin. Hanover: Verlag für Ethnologie Clemens Koechert 2013. ISBN 978-3-86421-905-4

Film about the youth college

The Finnish director Kirsi Marie Liimatainen , who attended a course at the youth college in 1988, made a film called Comrade, where are you today? about her time at Lake Bogensee and the life of her fellow students today.

Web links

Commons : Bogensee  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ List of monuments of the state of Brandenburg; PDF - here: page 11; accessed on December 10, 2009 ( Memento from April 9, 2014 in the Internet Archive )
  2. ↑ See details on the homepage seen.de; Retrieved September 6, 2010
  3. ↑ a b c d Katrin Bischoff: Space for 500 FDJ functionaries. The state of Berlin wants to offer the GDR's former management forge on Bogensee for sale worldwide. In: Berliner Zeitung of June 26, 2006
  4. ↑ a b c d e Julien Reitzenstein: Goebbels' Liebesnest , in: Der Spiegel -online, July 6, 2008; accessed on June 25, 2018.
  5. ↑ Gerhard Spörl: Contemporary history: "There it lies, this beast" . In: Der Spiegel . No. 18 , 2015, p. 46-58 ( Online - Apr. 25, 2015 ).
  6. ↑ a b Table of contents and text excerpt from the book by Stefan Bergholz Goebbels' Waldhof am Bogensee , Christoph-Links-Verlag, Berlin 2004, ISBN 3-86153-340-5 .
  7. ↑ Photo of the fireplace room at Panoramio
  8. ↑ a b The love nest of Dr. Goebbels in: Berliner Morgenpost, June 10, 2008.
  9. ^ Information from the Wandlitz History Workshop, 2010.
  10. ^ Stefan Berkholz: Goebbels' Waldhof am Bogensee. From love nest to GDR propaganda site . Christoph Links, Berlin 2004, ISBN 3-86153-340-5 , GDR period, p. 98-101 .
  11. ↑ a b Fabian Lambeck: Comrades, where are you? in new Germany from February 14, 2014
  12. ↑ Dittmann Ingenieurgesellschaft mbH - References , p. 7 (PDF file; 88 kB)
  13. ↑ Overview of the KII measures in the building renovation portfolio
  14. ↑ Information from the Liegenschaftsfonds on the situation of JH Bogensee from April 2009 ( Memento from July 10, 2012 in the web archive archive.today )
  15. ↑ Forester's house in Wandlitz burns down . In: Berliner Zeitung , May 14, 2015.
  16. ↑ Bogensee area is leased. In: Berliner Zeitung , January 6, 2016, p. 16.
  17. ↑ Wandlitz compact , 22nd edition 2020/2021, p. 95.
  18. ^ Website for the film
  19. ↑ The film at the distribution company W-film Distribution