Kaman (Kırşehir)

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Kaman (Kırşehir) (Turkey)
Red pog.svg
Kaman (Kırşehir) Central Square.JPG
The square in the center of Kaman, Province of Kırşehir / Turkey
Basic data
Province (il) : Kırşehir
Coordinates : 39 ° 21 '  N , 33 ° 43'  E Coordinates: 39 ° 21 '0 "  N , 33 ° 43' 0"  E
Height : 1075  m
Residents : 21,039 (2018)
Telephone code : (+90) 386
Postal code : 40 300
License plate : 40
Structure and administration (as of 2019)
Structure : 11 Mahalle
Belediye başkanı: Necati Çolak ( MHP )
Postal address : Cumhuriyet Meydanı
Ataturk Caddesi
40300 Kaman
Website:
Kaman County
Residents : 37,223 (2018)
Surface: 1,284 km²
Population density : 29 inhabitants per km²
Kaymakam : Murat Girgin
Website (Kaymakam):
Template: Infobox location in Turkey / maintenance / district
Ilçe of the Kırşehir Province

Kaman is a town and capital of the district of the same name in the province of Kırşehir in Central Anatolia (Turkish İç Anadolu ).

geography

Location and name

The district of Kaman is located in the west of the province of Kırşehir on the middle course of the Kızılırmak , which is dammed up there to the Hirfanlı reservoir , which forms the south-western border of the district and then turns in an arc to the north after the closest approach to the Central Anatolian salt lake (" Tuz Gölü ") Black Sea flows out.

The district is located in one of the geologically oldest parts of Turkey, the Kırşehir massif, an old mainland kraton that has already been stabilized in a pre-variscan way .

South of Kaman, east-southeast to Kırşehir, the mountain range of Baranlı Dağı (1,963 m) extends with the other peaks Ali Üllez Dağı (1,528 m), Topakkaya Dağı (1,300 m) and Buzluk Dağı (1,609 m).

The Hirfanlı reservoir and then the Kızılırmak to below the Kesikköprü reservoir form (with a small bridgehead near the village of Kesikköprü) the southern, southwest and western borders of the district to Ankara Province . Beyond the Hirfanlı reservoir lies the Şereflikoçhisar district , then shortly before the outflow of the Kızılırmak from the Hirfanlı reservoir across the lake and river, the Balâ district of this province. Subsequently, in the west and northwest, the district of Kaman borders on the districts Çelebi and Keskin of the province of Kırıkkale , then in the north on the district of Akpınar and in the east on the central district ( Merkez ) of the province of Kırşehir.

The name Kaman is said to be derived from the name of the ancient region Chamanene (also: Chammanene, Kammanene) mentioned by Strabo and Claudius Ptolemy

This was an administrative subdivision ( strategy ) in the west of the kingdom and the later Roman province of Cappadocia on the border with Galatia and Pontus .

Climate and vegetation

The climate is characterized by the location in the interior of the Anatolian peninsula between two inland seas , which are also behind mountain ranges, its height above sea level and the location south of the 40th parallel .

The climate is continental. Winters are cool to cold. There are freezing temperatures as well as snowfalls and periods with closed snow cover. Summers are warm to hot and dry. Due to the faster warming of the mainland, the low pressure areas from the Mediterranean do not move in spring over the Black Sea and the eastern Mediterranean, as in winter, but over central Anatolia and ensure a pronounced maximum precipitation there in the months April-May. The effects of an altitude deep trough over Eastern Europe lead to bad weather conditions, in particular to heavy rain in spring until well into early summer and even in midsummer to cloudy, relatively cool weather periods.

The maximum rainfall in spring favors rain-fed agriculture , as most of the crops grown have their growing season during this time.

The original pine and oak forests of the region have been completely cleared, only to the west of the county and provincial border in the province of Ankara the road from Kaman to Ankara near the village of Beynam passes the remains of the forest ( Beynam Ormanı ), which was originally also found in Central Anatolia . Apart from oak plantations in the villages Ömerkahya, Yazıyolu, Bayındır and Hamit be found along the watercourses and around towns poplars - and willow stands , in the villages and around fruit trees.

district

Kaman County was formed on September 1, 1944 and is the second largest in the province after the central ( Merkez ) Kırşehir County. It is also in second place in terms of population. With 29 inhabitants per km², the district has the second highest population density in the province. A little over half of the population (2018: 56.5%) live in the main town of the district. The township of Kaman is the second largest of the ten parishes in the province. In addition to the district town with Kurancılı (2,288 inhabitants), the district consists of another municipality , which is also known as kasaba (roughly: small town, patch ) in Turkish .

There are also 50 villages ( Köy ) in the district that are subordinate to a Muhtar . On average, 278 people inhabit each of these 50 villages. Demirli (1,099), Kargınyenice (983), Savcılıbüyükoba (935), Çağırkan (864) and Ömerhacılı (836 inh .) Are the largest villages. Most of the population consists of Turks, but there is also a scattered town in Kekilliali that goes back to the establishment of a Kurdish settlement.

history

Even if the current cityscape of Kaman does not show any historical buildings, the area has been inhabited for several thousand years. 8 km from Kaman in the direction of Kırşehir in the area of ​​the small town of Çağırkan is the archaeological site Kalehöyük with finds from the 3rd millennium BC to the Ottoman period. Japanese archaeologists have been carrying out excavations there since 1986 under the auspices of the Turkish Ministry of Culture (Kültür Bakanlığı) and the Japanese Cultural Center for the Middle East. Next to the excavation site there is an archaeological museum in the form of a tumulus in a Japanese-style garden . In honor of the work of the Japanese archaeologists and their leader, Prince Mikasa , the main street of Kaman, which leads from the center towards Kırşehir (and leads past the archaeological site), is named Prens Mikasa Caddesi ( Prince Mikasa Street ).

Otherwise, historical buildings or their remains are only sparse. The ruins of the fortress of Ömerhacılı ( Kuşkalesi , in German: Vogelburg ) and the church of Temirli (Demirli) can be found from Byzantine times .

Incidentally, Kaman was not mentioned in the story. It usually shared the history of inner Anatolia with its surroundings. In Hellenistic and Roman times, the area was part of the Kingdom of Cappadocia and the later Roman province of Cappadocia .

Like many Turkish cities, Kaman has only recently developed to its current importance in the past 20th century. In 1913 the settlement was the administrative center of a Bucak . In 1924 it was raised to a parish ( Belediye ). Twenty years later, today's district ( İlçe ) was formed and Kaman was its main town. In 1954 the province of Kırşehir was dissolved and the district was connected to the province of Ankara, which at that time also comprised the area of ​​today's province of Kırıkkale. With the restoration of Kırşehir Province in 1957, Kaman County also moved back to the province.

economy

The economy of Kaman and his district is characterized by agriculture. Mainly cereals, pulses, fodder crops, industrial crops, vegetables and fruits are grown. In particular, the Kaman walnuts, known throughout Turkey, play an important role in the economy of the district. In addition to keeping cattle, sheep and goats, poultry, beekeeping, fishing and ostrich farming are also carried out. Freshwater fish such as carp , catfish , tench , pikeperch and pike can be found in large numbers in the Hirfanlı reservoir . The Kaman region lies further in an old wine-growing region that stretched from central Cappadocia to the northwest to Ankara and Kalecik . Today viticulture no longer plays a major role.

The commercial operations are mostly small and serve to meet local needs, such as brickworks, farms for agricultural machinery and metal processing companies. In the small towns of Ömerhacılı and Hamit, which belong to the district, there are quarries for colored marble, whose products are also exported. There are also deposits for iron , cement base materials and fluorite . In addition, carpets and kilims are produced in small businesses and at home .

Landmarks, tourism

In addition to the archaeological site in Kalehüyük and the Byzantine remains, the dam of the Hirfanlı Reservoir is also a spectacular sight. On the shores of the lake, for example, in the beach facilities at Savcılı Büyükoba or Hirfanlı, the beginnings of modest local tourism can be seen. From Savcılı Büyükoba, the Karakurt thermal complex near the village of Karalar , which is already outside the district, can be reached in a short time. The aging and apparently abandoned complex with a motel hides the ruins of a caravanserai behind when looking from the street.

The Walnut Festival ( Ceviz Festivali ) in Kaman should be mentioned as an event . It is celebrated on the first Saturday and Sunday of October each year.

traffic

Kaman is located 52 km northwest of the provincial capital Kırşehir on an almost continuous four-lane road that follows an old trade route and continues to the northwest via Kaman via Karakeçili and Balâ and meets the main road from Ankara to Adana at Gölbaşı . Today's main road from Kırşehir to Ankara (the D765 from Ankara to Kayseri ) passes Kaman in the north at a distance of 15 km.

sons and daughters of the town

swell

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b Türkiye Nüfusu İl ilçe Mahalle Köy Nüfusları , accessed on July 5, 2019
  2. ^ Wolf-Dieter Hütteroth, Volker Höhfeld: Turkey. Geography, history, economics, politics. Wissenschaftliche Buchgesellschaft, Darmstadt 2002, ISBN 3-534-13712-4 , p. 30.
  3. ^ Conrad Mannert: Geography of the Greeks and Romans: Asia Minor. Volume 6, Issue 2, Nuremberg, 1801, p. 249.
  4. ↑ Sevan Nişanyan: Adini unutan Ülke. Türkiye'de Adı Değiştirilen Yerler Sözlüğü. 1st edition. Everest Yayınları, İstanbul 2010, ISBN 978-975-289-730-4 , p. 202.
  5. ^ DH French: A Study of Roman Roads in Anatolia: Principles and Methods. In: Anatolian Studies 24 1974, pp. 143-149, p. 148.
  6. ↑ Théodore Reinach: Mithridates Eupator, King of Pontus. With corrections and addenda by the author, in German by A. Goetz, Leipzig 1895. (Reprint: Hildesheim 1975, ISBN 3-487-05585-6 , p. 217 f.)
  7. ^ Julius Billerbeck: Handbook of ancient geography. For school use and reference in preparation for the Classical Writer. Leipzig, Hahn 1826, p. 102.
  8. ^ AD Mordtmann: About the old Phrygian language. In: Meeting reports of the Royal Bavarian Academy of Sciences. 1862, Volume 1, pp. 12 ff., 36.
  9. ↑ W.-D. Hütteroth, V. Höhfeld: Turkey. 2002, pp. 74–114: Climate and Vegetation
  10. ↑ a b kaman.bel.tr
  11. ↑ Index Anatolicus: Kekilliali
  12. ↑ Kaman-Kalehöyük Arkeoloji Müzesi, Avrupa'daki Yılın Müzesi Yarışmasına Aday. on: haberler.com
  13. ↑ kirsehirkulturturizm.gov.tr
  14. ↑ Kaman Tarihi story on the circle's website
  15. ↑ kaman.gov.tr ( Memento from February 21, 2014 in the Internet Archive )
  16. ↑ a b kaman.bel.tr
  17. ↑ tarimtv.gov.tr ( Memento from February 22, 2014 in the Internet Archive )
  18. ↑ W.-D. Hütteroth, V. Höhfeld: Turkey. 2002, p. 108: Climate and Vegetation.
  19. ↑ kaman.gov.tr ( Memento from February 21, 2014 in the Internet Archive )
  20. ↑ Archive link ( Memento from February 21, 2014 in the Internet Archive )
  21. ↑ kaman.bel.tr

Web links

Commons : Kaman (Kırşehir Province)  - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files
  • Kaman municipality alternatively: history on the website of the Kaman municipality (Turkish)
  • Nufusune.com Kaman Nüfusu - names and population of all villages in the district (Turkish)