Kolyvan (Novosibirsk)

Urban-type settlement Kolyvan Колывань coat of arms Federal district Siberia Oblast Novosibirsk Rajon Kolyvan head Alexander Panin First mention 1713 Earlier names Tschausski ostrog (until 1822) Urban-type settlement since 1964 population 11,842 inhabitants (as of Oct. 14, 2010) Height of the center 120  m Time zone UTC + 7 Telephone code (+7) 38352 Post Code 633160-633161 License Plate 54, 154 OKATO 50 221 551 Website www.koluvan.ru Geographical location Coordinates 55 ° 18 '  N , 82 ° 44'  E Coordinates: 55 ° 18 '0 "  N , 82 ° 44' 0"  E

Situation in Russia

Location in Novosibirsk Oblast

List of large settlements in Russia

Kolywan ( Russian Колыва́нь ) is an urban-type settlement in the Novosibirsk Oblast ( Russia ) with 11,842 inhabitants (as of October 14, 2010).

geography

The settlement is located about 40 kilometers north of the oblast capital Novosibirsk on the left, high bank of the Tschaus River a good ten kilometers above its confluence with the Ob . The Tschaus arises a few kilometers above Kolywan from the Tschik and its small left tributary Ojosch and flows on the western edge of the almost ten kilometers wide floodplain of the Ob.

Kolywan is the administrative center of the Kolywan Rajon of the same name .

history

View over Kolywan to the Ob valley (2005)

1713 on the left bank of the Chows, a few kilometers below the today's settlement, close to the Ob, one was Ostrog built, the name Tschausski ostrog (Chows Ostrog) received. In 1719 the first wooden church was built. Until the middle of the 18th century, the Siberian tract was built and led through the village that was created near Ostrog. Nearby the road crossed the Ob; was crossed with boats. In this context, the place developed into an important local trading center, while the Ostrog was never of military importance, as the border of the Russian Empire in this region had already shifted far to the south.

Descriptions of the place from the 18th century come from the German botanist and explorer Daniel Gottlieb Messerschmidt (1721) and the writer Alexander Radishchev , who left the wing in 1790 on the way to exile in the Ilimski ostrog (above today's Ust-Ilimsk in eastern Siberia ) followed.

During the 18th century, the northern edge of were Altai Mountains large parts of today's - and his entire northern foothills of Altai and Novosibirsk Oblast - as Oblast Kolyvan referred derived from Gornaja Kolyvan ( "Mountain Kolyvan") , the name of the mining area to zmeinogorsk and today's village of Kolywan in the Altai region. The administrative center of this area was the Berdski ostrog ( Berd- Ostrog) near today's city of Berdsk . In 1783 the administrative unit was renamed Kolywan Governorate ; its center Berdski ostrog with the city developed around it at the same time in Kolywan .

As early as 1796, after the accession of Paul I , the governorate was dissolved again and the city of Kolywan with Berd-Ostrog abandoned in 1797. In sources from the 20th century, these two years are incorrectly given as the year the Tschaus-Ostrog was renamed or even the founding of today's Kolywan settlement, which therefore celebrated its 200th anniversary in 1997. In reality, this name change, however, did not take place at the same time, but only on July 22, 1822 as part of the reorganization of the Siberian provinces to provide "at least one city in the former Oblast Kolyvan" this name, like the Prince Kostrow, secretary of the statistical committees of the provinces Tomsk , wrote. The renaming was connected with the granting of the city charter as saschtatny gorod ("administration-free city"; there was no Ujesd or Okrug administration) in the inventory of the Okrug Tomsk of the governorate of the same name.

In the mid-1820s it was decided to move the city to the place where it is today. In 1834 a general development plan was drawn up, but its implementation did not begin until around 1840. The first stone church was consecrated in 1867, and the town's importance as a center of trade and handicrafts continued to grow, especially in the 1880s and the first half of the 1890s. Some small factories for processing agricultural goods were set up.

But when the Trans-Siberian Railway was built at the end of the 19th century, it bypassed Kolywan a few dozen kilometers to the south - instead of its Ob crossing, Novonikolajewsk, today's metropolis of Novosibirsk, emerged, while Kolywan experienced a decline as a result. In 1917 Kolyvan was incorporated into the newly created Ujesd Novonikolajewsk. In 1924 it became the administrative center of a newly created rayon, but lost its town charter in 1925 and was henceforth again a village.

After the Second World War , the population grew again and stabilized at a level just below that of the end of the 19th century. In 1964 the place received urban-type settlement status.

Population development

Alexander Nevsky Church in Kolyvan (2005)

year	Residents
1721	150
1859	2,760
1881	12.091
1897	11,711
1922	7,386
1939	7.114
1959	6,775
1970	8,762
1979	8,992
1989	10,589
2002	10,947
2010	11,842

Note: 1897, from 1939 census data

Culture and sights

Kolywan has largely retained the character of a small Siberian town from the 19th century. A large number of buildings from this period still exist, both stone merchant houses in the center and the surrounding wooden residential buildings.

One of the buildings is the widely visible Alexander Nevsky Church , completed in 1887 ( церковь Александра Невского / zerkow Alexandra Newskogo ). After its closure (1934 to 1946 and from 1962) and damage, such as the removal of the domes in 1968, in the Soviet period, it was restored and re-consecrated in 1991 by Patriarch Alexius II . In 1992 a convent was built near the church, in which 25 nuns now live; one of two women's monasteries in the Russian Orthodox Novosibirsk eparchy .

The settlement has had a local museum since 1976.

Economy and Infrastructure

Kolywan is the center of an agricultural area with various farms for processing agricultural products.

The settlement is connected to Novosibirsk by a road through the pine and birch forest massif Kudrashovsky Bor , which then follows the left Ob bank further north towards Kolpashevo in the neighboring Tomsk Oblast .

Individual evidence

1. ↑ ^{a b} Itogi Vserossijskoj perepisi naselenija 2010 goda. Tom 1. Čislennostʹ i razmeščenie naselenija (Results of the All-Russian Census 2010. Volume 1. Number and distribution of the population). Tables 5 , pp. 12-209; 11 , pp. 312–979 (download from the website of the Federal Service for State Statistics of the Russian Federation)
2. ↑ Lorianna Matveeva: O date osnovanija goroda Kolyvani . In: Novosibirski arhivnyj vestnik . No. 2 . Novosibirsk 1999 ( On the founding date of the city of Kolyvan ; Russian; online in Sibirskaja saimka . No. 4, 2000).
3. ↑ Pokrowski Alexandro-Newski schenski monastyr ( Memento of the original from May 3, 2005 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. on the website of the "Alexander Nevsky Brotherhood" Novosibirsk ( Protection of the Virgin Mary and Intercession and Alexander Nevsky Women's Monastery ; Russian) 

Web links

Commons : Kolywan  - collection of images, videos and audio files

• Rajon Administration website (Russian)