La Celle-Saint-Cloud

La Celle-Saint-Cloud
region	Île-de-France
Department	Yvelines
Arrondissement	Versailles
Canton	Le Chesnay
Community association	Versailles Grand Parc
Coordinates	48 ° 50 ′ N , 2 ° 8 ′ E Coordinates: 48 ° 50 ′ N , 2 ° 8 ′ E
height	75-176 m
surface	5.82 km 2
Residents	20,966 (January 1, 2017)
Population density	3,602 inhabitants / km 2
Post Code	78170
INSEE code	78126
Website	http://www.lacellesaintcloud.fr
	; Town hall of La Celle-Saint-Cloud

La Celle-Saint-Cloud is a French municipality with 20,966 inhabitants (at January 1, 2017) in the department of Yvelines in the region Ile-de-France . It is located in the arrondissement of Versailles in the canton of Le Chesnay . The inhabitants are called cellois , sometimes also celloises or celloclodoaldiens .

geography

La Celle-Saint-Cloud is located 15.6 kilometers west of the center of Paris , about eight kilometers southeast of Saint-Germain-en-Laye and six kilometers north of Versailles , in the Hauts-de-Seine area .

Neighboring communities are in the northeast Rueil-Malmaison , in the southeast Vaucresson , in the south and southwest Le Chesnay-Rocquencourt , in the west Louveciennes and in the northwest Bougival .

history

The city name is composed of the originally Latin word cella (cell, hut), which in the Gallo-Roman period was the name for a small building that gave hunters and woodcutters shelter, and Saint Cloud , in honor of St. Chlodoald , who was on the run before the plans to murder his uncles Chlothar and Childebert withdrew to such a cell near Paris to lead a life of seclusion and prayer as a hermit .

Before the city was called La Celle-Saint-Cloud in the 17th century , it was named successively La Celle-sur-Seine, Cella Villaris, Celle Frtum, La Celle-lez-Charlevanne and La Celle près Bougival . During the French Revolution , when names of saints were banned in the course of the de-Christianization , it was briefly called La Selle Les Bruyèrs .

From the middle of the 6th century to the 17th century, La Celle-Saint-Cloud was owned by the Saint-Germain-des-Prés Abbey . During the Viking invasion in 856, the city was completely destroyed with the exception of the church.

Later, the city suffered particularly in the Hundred Years War : fields were devastated, houses burned down and the inhabitants displaced.

In the second half of the 16th century, the wars of religion forced the monks of the abbey to sell part of their property. During the 17th century, La Celle-Saint-Cloud changed hands several times. In 1670, Louis XIV decided to expand his territory to include all of the manors bordering Versailles. Therefore, Jean-Baptiste Colbert bought the area of the municipality on his behalf in order to enlarge the royal hunting ground.

During the Franco-Prussian War , the community, abandoned by the population, suffered severe devastation in the battle of Buzenval . After the Prussian troops withdrew, artisans and traders soon moved back to the market town, and trade was expanded. Famous writers settled in La Celle Saint-Cloud in the 19th century: Pigault Lebrun , Emile Augier , Paul Déroulède , in 1830 the Belloc family .

During World War II , the city was bombed on June 3, 1940, four people were buried, a 14-year-old child was killed and many buildings were damaged or destroyed.

After the war there was a steep increase in the number of inhabitants between 1945 and 1975.

Population development

year	1962	1968	1975	1982	1990	1999	2006
Residents	20,025	24,697	25,676	23,306	22,884	21,519	21,202

Attractions

Saint-Pierre-Saint-Paul Church

Castle de la Celle

Former Château de Beauregard

Saint-Pierre-Saint-Paul Church: built in the 18th century
Castle de la Celle: also known as the Petit Château, built in the 18th century, currently owned by the French Foreign Ministry, classified as a monument historique since 1978 .
Former Château de Beauregard: built in the 17th century, owned by Harriet Howard in the mid-19th century , temporarily the Prussian headquarters during the war of 1870/1871. Used as an ammunition depot during World War II, it was badly damaged during the La Celles bombing. During the occupation it served as accommodation for members of the Todt Organization and as a prisoner of war camp. After the war it was in ruins and a planned reconstruction failed due to a lack of funds. In 1956 the ruins were removed and only the castle front was left.
Pavillon du Butard: built in 1750 by the architect Ange-Jacques Gabriel as a hunting pavilion for Louis XV. Classified as a monument historique since 1927
Château de la Châtaigneraie: built at the end of the 19th century

economy

La Celle-Saint-Cloud is primarily a residential community . The most important residential centers - in the order in which they were built - are:

Domaine Saint-François d'Assise (1953)
Petit Beauregard (1954)
Domaine de Bel-Ébat
Beauregard 1st and 2nd section (1957 and 1968)
Élysée I and II (1962 and 1966)
Residence de l'Étang sec (1963)
Residence et village de Bois-Fontaine (1965)
La Caravelle (1972)
Residence-Lamartine (1977)
La Grande-Terre (1988)

Personalities

Madame de Pompadour (1721–1764), mistress of Louis XV, from 1748 to 1750 owner of the Château la Celle
Jean-Pierre Pescatore (born March 11, 1793 in Luxembourg , † December 9, 1855 in Paris ), mayor, banker, founder of the Pescatore Foundation
Empress Eugénie (1826–1920), the last Empress of France, owned property in La Celle-Saint-Cloud from 1860 to 1888
Alfred Sisley (1839–1899), impressionist painter. Through his two paintings with the title Allée de châtaigniers à La Celle-Saint-Cloud from 1865, the sweet chestnuts of Tournebride in the forest of Tournebride near La Celle-Saint-Cloud gained national fame
Hilaire Belloc (1870–1953), English writer of French origin
Charles Du Bos (1882–1939), Algerian writer and literary critic, died in La Celle-Saint-Cloud
Ludivine Sagnier (* 1979), French actress
Albert Brenninkmeijer (* 1974 in La Celle-Saint-Cloud), Dutch manager ( C&A )