La Veneno

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La Veneno during an interview in 2016

Cristina Ortiz Rodríguez (born March 19, 1964 in Adra as José Antonio Ortiz Rodríguez , † November 9, 2016 in Madrid ), better known by her stage name La Veneno (The Poison) , was a Spanish television personality and variety actress . She was initially featured on Telecinco through regular guest appearances on the late night show Esta noche cruzamos el Mississippiknown, her breakthrough came from an interview on the same program that a journalist conducted with her in a park in Madrid, which quickly received a lot of attention in Spain due to her stubborn responses. After a successful career in television and variety shows, La Veneno stalled when she was sentenced to three years in prison in 2003. After her release, she was mainly seen on tabloid talk shows and was only able to build on earlier successes with the publication of her autobiography shortly before her death in 2016.

Because of their high media presence was La Veneno, the transgeschlechtlich was, as one of the most famous transsexual women in Spain and one of the first, the increased visibility of transgender people in the country. For this reason, even after her death, she is regarded as an important figure in the LGBT community, especially in her home country and in Latin America .

Early years

Rodríguez was born in 1964 in the Adra municipality in Andalusia , where she grew up with her parents and six siblings. Even as a child, Rodríguez noticed that she did not feel that she belonged to the male gender assigned to her at birth. For this reason, she appeared feminine, which is why she said she was often verbally and physically attacked by both family members and neighbors. However, she enjoyed a certain popularity in her hometown because she designed clothes herself and presented them in a kind of fashion show, which was positively received by many residents. She dropped out of school at the age of 13 and made money picking beans. After two years she was expelled from the house by her family and after a stopover in San Pedro de Alcántara went to Torremolinos , where she found work as a waitress and model, although she could hardly read and write at the time.

At the age of 18, Rodríguez trained as a hairdresser in Granada , and in 1989 she was named Míster Andalucía at a beauty contest . In 1990 Rodríguez met Paca La Piraña , who was one of her closest confidants in her later life and convinced Rodríguez to perform as a drag actress. A year later, Rodríguez moved to Madrid and was employed in a hospital kitchen. In the same year, Rodríguez, when she was still male in public and using her maiden name, made her first television appearance. She was selected by the candidate in the Telecinco flirting program Vivan los novios (similar to the German Herzblatt ); the two received a trip to Thailand as a prize . When she met several transgender people there , Rodríguez finally realized that she was a trans woman herself.

Shortly after Rodríguez returned to Spain in 1992, she underwent a gender reassignment program . When she was dismissed from her work in the clinic a little later, she decided to earn her living with prostitution . She was looking for suitors both in the Parque del Oeste city park and in the Paseo del Pintor Rosales, an inner-city street in Argüelles . As a pseudonym she initially used the name Tania , later she named herself after a deceased colleague Cristina , she also used the name as a first name in her private life. After Rodríguez was jokingly called La Veneno , meaning poison, one day by La Piraña , she used this term as a name in her work as a prostitute because she liked it herself.

Rodríguez had her first well-known television appearance after her transition in 1994 in a report by RTVE . It was about the AIDS pandemic. Rodríguez explained her views on prophylaxis to the reporter in the Parque del Oeste and described her own experiences with the disease, as many people in her circle of friends had fallen victim to it. Even in this post, Rodríguez spoke in a very direct way that later made her notoriety.

Career

Breakthrough on television

In April 1996 the journalist Faela Sainz, who works for Esta noche cruzamos el Mississippi , a late-night show broadcast on Telecinco , was supposed to shoot a nocturnal report. Because she was called off spontaneously from a shoot that was actually already firmly planned and therefore could not prepare, she did not know which topic to deal with. Eventually she got the idea to go to Parque del Oeste because she had already found interviewees there in the past. Once there, she noticed a tall woman who was wearing self-made clothes. When Sainz spoke to her, the woman introduced herself as La Veneno and answered Sainz's questions with a very peculiar sense of humor. When Sainz asked her to know her gender, she replied with the words My dear, I am a sultan , a Moorish woman , an Indian in, like Pocahontas . The interview became known nationwide on the night of the broadcast and the following days, due to the positive response from viewers, who liked La Veneno's personality, Pepe Navarro , the show's presenter , offered her to appear as a permanent participant in the show. After she agreed, the program's ratings soared, which soon made La Veneno a household name to an audience of millions.

Thanks to its fame, La Veneno also increased the visibility of several groups in the country that until then had hardly been represented in the media. On the talk shows she was invited to, she regularly spoke very openly about her experiences as a prostitute, the homophobia she was confronted with in her childhood and adolescence, and the transphobia directed against her in the present. La Veneno therefore quickly developed into a role model, especially for the transgender community in the country, which is why it enjoyed great popularity in the Spanish LGBT community.

In July 1997, Esta noche cruzamos el Mississippi ended because of controversial reporting on the case of the Alcàsser girls . As a result, Navarro hosted another late-night program on Antena 3 with the title La sonrisa del pelícano from September 15 . This was structured in a similar way to its predecessor, and La Veneno was again regularly invited as a conversation partner, the program also achieved comparatively high ratings with an average of almost two million viewers per episode, although these were significantly lower than that of Esta noche cruzamos el Mississippi . On December 2nd, La sonrisa del pelícano was canceled four hours before broadcast for violating the broadcaster's code of ethics.

Other Projects

After her breakthrough in Esta noche cruzamos el Mississippi , La Veneno began touring all over Spain as Vedette (term for a vaudeville leading actress widely used in Spanish-speaking countries). Due to her great popularity she was also hired as a vedette in frequented nightclubs and at festivals. During her appearances, she got to know several celebrities such as Ricky Martin personally and worked in another sideline as a model for the Spanish designer Antonio Alvarado .

In 1996 La Veneno released a record entitled Veneno pa tu piel . In addition to the title song, this included the rap El rap de La Veneno . In Veneno pa tu piel is about a man with whom La Veneno a relationship leads to which he does not want to confess and is split in his love for her because of her transgender identity. La Veneno asks him in the text to stand by their relationship and to tell her openly what feelings he feels for her. El rap de La Veneno is a house song in which La Veneno performed an improvised rap made up of some of her best-known quotes. In the Spanish charts , Veneno pa tu piel was able to position itself in ninth place, the single was sold over 50,000 times, for which La Veneno received a gold record .

At the end of the 1990s, a film biography about La Veneno was planned for the first time , but ultimately nothing developed from this project. As an actress, she took part in six episodes of the short-lived Antena 3 comedy series En plena forma in 1997 . She embodied in a recurring supporting role a trainer in the gym of the main character played by Alfredo Landa . After the end of La sonrisa del pelícano , La Veneno went to Buenos Aires for a short time . There she was regularly seen on the talk show Susana Giménez on Telefe, named after the presenter, as a participant and Vedette. From 2001 to 2003 La Veneno was a regular guest on the late night show Crónicas marcianas on Telecinco.

Jail sentence and comeback

In April 2003, Rodríguez was reported to the police by her then partner. She is said to have deliberately set fire to their shared apartment in order to get the insured amount. Rodríguez was tried on charges of arson and insurance fraud , which she found guilty and sentenced to three years in prison. She served her in a male prison because in Spain at the time the detention of transgender people was based on the gender of their birth. In 2021, Rodríguez's former life partner confessed in an interview that he set the apartment on fire because Rodríguez had not given him any of her property.

After her release from prison, Rodríguez suffered from health problems, especially from being very overweight . She moved from Madrid to Valencia , where she shared an apartment with La Piraña. Rodríguez soon reappeared on television after being interviewed about her time in prison shortly after her release. She alleged that she was physically, mentally and sexually abused by the guards and other inmates. The penal institution therefore applied to the Madrid Public Prosecutor to charge Rodríguez with defamation or defamation, but this did not materialize.

La Veneno was initially unable to build on her earlier successes and earned her living through sporadic appearances on tabloid talk shows, for example ¿Dónde estás corazón? on Antena 3. An October 2010 issue asked her to lose weight, as a result of which she announced in 2011 that she had lost 35 kilograms. After that, she suffered from bulimia . In addition, her depression and anxiety disorder , which had existed since her youth, were made worse by the press focusing on her weight. In 2013, in an issue of Sálvame Deluxe on Telecinco, she announced that her health had improved, in the same episode she introduced the public for the first time to her life partner, with whom she lived again in Madrid; she also plans to publish an autobiography in the foreseeable future . This autobiography was actually supposed to appear in 2007, but none of the publishers asked were interested. A few months later, La Veneno was left by her partner who, according to her, stole her savings of 60,000 euros, which is why she was left with a non-contributory pension of 300 euros per month to earn a living. Finally, La Veneno was hired as a vedette in the variety group Que trabaje Rita , with whom she toured Spain from the end of 2013 to the beginning of 2014 on a nationwide tour.

When La Veneno was asked the reason for her second prison sentence in 2014 in a 2016 interview with La Vanguardia , she said she had been mistaken for a suspect in a criminal case by a prosecutor. The public prosecutor feared there was a risk of escape and had Rodríguez arrested. In contrast to her first prison sentence, the second was even pleasant because this time she was held in a prison for women and entertained her fellow inmates with dance performances until the mix-up was noticed and she was released after eight months.

Last year of life

Autobiography

On October 3, 2016, La Veneno's autobiography ¡Digo! ni puta ni santa: Las memorias de La Veneno out, written by the journalist Valeria Vegas . Vegas had personally visited La Veneno in 2006 at the age of 21 because she was a role model for her because of her own transgender identity and Vegas wanted to know more about her. The two eventually became friends, Vegas decided to write a book about La Veneno's life in order to make her better known again in Spain after the high point of her career had already passed in 1998, according to Vegas.

La Veneno and Vegas contacted several publishers, but they again showed no interest in the book. That's why they published the biography finally by self-publication on the website Bigcartel . These copies were sold out after a few days, which is why further editions were produced. The book actually made La Veneno well-known in Spain again. After it was published, she was interviewed in several publications and television programs and also received a steady income through reading trips and her share of the sales proceeds.

After La Veneno's death and the first three sold-out editions, a fourth, equally successful edition of ¡Digo! ni puta ni santa: Las memorias de La Veneno published. It was a special edition of the book that received a Vegas-written obituary for La Veneno, drawings by several artists in honor of the deceased, and unpublished photos of La Veneno that had not been used in previous editions.

Circumstances of death

On November 5, 2016, Rodríguez was found lying half unconscious in the living room of her partner in their shared apartment. She had a deeply bleeding head wound and several bruises on the rest of the body, and there were traces of blood in the bathroom. Rodríguez was admitted to the Universitario La Paz Hospital, where he was diagnosed with a traumatic brain injury that caused cerebral edema . Rodríguez was then operated on and then placed in an artificial coma . Four days later she died of multiple organ failure ; she hadn't woken up from the coma.

While Rodríguez was in intensive care , her family suspected that her injuries were likely not from an accident. In her opinion, Rodríguez should be silenced because in her autobiography she had described many of her former suitors as influential figures in Spain, without naming specific names. Rodríguez himself had stated in an interview with La Vanguardia that several media outlets had offered her a lot of money for naming her former lovers, which she refused because otherwise she would not live long. The last time she appeared on Sábado Deluxe on October 14, she repeated her claim of receiving death threats for publishing her autobiography, which is why she was invited to undergo a polygraph test on the same program on November 9 .

After her death, the police assumed an accident or suicide because her partner said they had found her next to an empty bottle of whiskey or rum and a box of pills for her anxiety disorder. Rodríguez's body was autopsied the day after her death in the forensic medicine department of the Instituto Anatómico Forense in Madrid . The autopsy found that Rodríguez had accidentally fallen and hit his head on the bathtub, aided by high amounts of alprazolam and alcohol found in her blood. Rodríguez's funeral in her old hometown of Adra, planned for November 12, was postponed by court order because a second autopsy was to be performed at the institute, which, however, came to the same result. Finally, on December 21, Rodríguez received a cremation in Adra , to which not all family members gave their consent, but instead hoped for a third autopsy. However, the family could no longer pay for the costs of keeping the corpse in forensic medicine. The ashes were scattered in the Parque del Oeste at the request of the deceased.

In October 2017, Rodríguez's sister Mari Pepa Ortiz announced that she wanted to reopen the case because of inconsistencies. The bruises on Rodríguez's body were not mentioned in the autopsy report, although photos of the corpses supported them; their clothing was also not examined for DNA or other traces. In addition, it was ignored that shortly before her death Rodríguez called a hotline for victims of domestic violence several times after neighbors observed violent arguments with her partner. This was not the first incident; according to her medical history , Rodríguez suffered facial injuries from a baseball bat as early as 2015, and her sister reported further physical and psychological acts of violence that Rodríguez's partner allegedly committed against her.

Ortiz got the support of the Spanish doctor and pathologist Luis Frontela for their project . Although he concluded in his report that Rodríguez was likely killed, an appeals court in Madrid declined to retry the case in January 2019, but Ortiz announced that he would appeal. Although several criminologists and investigators publicly expressed an interest in investigating the circumstances of death in early 2021, the Madrid prosecutor said in February that they would not reopen the case.

Plaque in honor of La Veneno in the Parque del Oeste city park of Madrid

Honors

On November 9, 2017, the first anniversary of La Veneno's death, a memorial service in honor of the deceased was held in Chueca , a lesbian and gay district in Madrid, at which their autobiography was read and a V was formed with candles . On the same day, the city's LGBT organization Acrópoli announced that it would start a collection of signatures with the aim of naming a street in Madrid after La Veneno. Its name was intended to replace that of two psychiatrists who subjected homosexual and transgender people to electroshock therapy and lobotomies as part of conversion therapy from the 1950s to 1970s .

The city council also announced on November 9, 2017 that a plaque would be made for La Veneno. This was unveiled on April 8, 2019 in Parque del Oeste and stolen by strangers after a week, a new plaque was initially not attached. The city council of Madrid justified this with the risk of repeated vandalism and the associated costs for new purchases in the event of renewed theft.

On March 29, 2020, the first episode of the TV series Veneno was released on the streaming service Atresplayer Premium, which belongs to the Spanish media group Atresmedia. As a framework story , it tells how Valeria Vegas and La Veneno met. Through their mutual conversations, La Veneno's life is portrayed from her childhood up to her meeting with Vegas, and the viewers also learn how Vegas, thanks to her encounters with La Veneno, learned to deal confidently with its own gender identity.

Veneno achieved the highest ratings to date for a series of the streaming service, whose subscriber numbers increased by 42 percent after the release. Due to the great success of the series with viewers and reviewers, as well as the newly awakened public interest in La Veneno, the Madrid city council announced in early October that the stolen badge would be replaced with a new one because many people requested it. The new memorial plaque has been in its old location since December 4th. In the course of the broadcast , the Gender Equality Minister Irene Montero also announced that a referendum would be initiated to pass a law that would make it easier for transgender people to legally change their name and gender.

literature

  • Vegas, Valeria: ¡Digo! ni puta ni santa: Las memorias de La Veneno . Big Cartel, Madrid 2016, ISBN 978-846-08835-62 .

Web links

Individual evidence

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