Liedberg

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Liedberg
Korschenbroich municipality
Coordinates: 51 ° 10 ′ 12 ″  N , 6 ° 32 ′ 30 ″  E
Height : 51-84 m
Area : 7.4 km²
Residents : 2228  (2014)
Population density : 301 inhabitants / km²
Incorporation : 1st January 1975
Postal code : 41352
Area code : 02166 (M.gladbach-Rheydt)

Liedberg has been part of the town of Korschenbroich in the Rhine district of Neuss since the municipal reorganization in 1975 .

The Liedberg from the southwest

Geographical location

The village of Liedberg is located on the north side of the island mountain of the same name, Liedberg . This is designated as a nature reserve and represents the oldest natural and cultural monument in the Rhine district of Neuss. The quartzite dome was created over a million years ago and is up to 84  m above sea level. NN one of the highest elevations on the left Lower Rhine in the lowlands of the Lower Rhine Bay . Stone tools from the Paleolithic Age have been found here. Continuous settlement and use of the area has been ensured since Roman times. On the Haag , the wooded top of the hill , the 18.50 m high defense and residential tower ( mill tower ) and the former Electoral Cologne Castle are located . These hilltop castles are unique alongside the Schwanenburg in Kleve on the Lower Rhine.

The Korschenbroich district of Liedberg consists of the districts of Liedberg, Steinhausen , Drölsholz, Steinforth and Rubbelrath .

history

The sand farm

Prehistory and early history

Archaeological finds were discovered at the foot of the Liedberg , which indicate tools from the early Paleolithic Age . Other hand axes and blades certainly belong to the later Paleolithic Age. This site of equipment from the Neanderthal man , who lived around 100,000 years ago, is unique in the Rhine district of Neuss. In the western Hague there is a circular moat (so-called Roman watch) which is attested in Europe for the Neolithic.

Celtic times

The Inselberg Liedberg is located in the middle of the former settlement area of ​​the Celtic tribe of the Eburones . Heartland of the Eburones, which Gaius Iulius Caesar near Aduatuca in 57 BC. Defeated and enslaved were the loessbörden between Meuse and Rhine including the northern Eifel as well as the northward area up to the height of Xanten. The local history researcher Alfred Hunold has been researching the names of places, fields and waters according to ancient Celtic language layers for years, with the aim of proving the thesis that the area around Korschenbroich was a retreat for the Eburones on the Lower Rhine.

Roman times

An old Roman road runs through Liedberg , leading from Neuss on the Rhine over the Vicus Mülfort to south of Roermond on the Maas in what is now the Netherlands . Liedberg owes its importance in the history of the left bank of the Rhine to its unique location, which was recognized by the Romans as a strategic base. The Romans had used the Liedberger quartzite for their secular buildings as well as for cultic buildings and monuments. There is evidence that more than 200 Roman country houses were built with Liedberg sandstone in the region . There were Roman sandstone quarries on the south and west flanks of the Liedberg.

middle Ages

The area around Liedberg was in the early Middle Ages in the border area of ​​the Nievenheimer Gaus with the Mühlgau , which belonged to Ripuarien . For the area between Niers and Erft, neither a district nor a county can be proven for the early Middle Ages. Jakob Bremer assumes that this area “was state property in both Roman and Franconian times and was closely related to the ruling families,” both Saint Helena and Queen Plectrudis had donations here.

Due to the numerous knight fiefs around Liedberg belonging to Liedberg, a very large settlement area dependent on Liedberg, the possession of high and low jurisdiction, Liedberg was a county with full sovereignty (dominum) from the 11th century, which is an independent territory (state sovereignty) within of the Holy Roman Empire on the territory of the Duchy of Lower Lorraine . The lordship of Liedberg extended in the 12th century south to Dyck , north to Krefeld , west to the Niers and east to the Erft and the Rhine . Beyond this state rule, after Jakob Bremer, Liedberg still owned the forest count office over the large forest between Niers and the Rhine, in the Mühlgau and in the Gilde- / Keldagau north of it to over Kempen, Budberg and Mörs, which was also connected with the low jurisdiction .

Herimannus de Lithebche is documented as the first owner of Liedberg between 1100 and 1110. In 1166, the Liedberg Castle ( castrum Litheberch ) of the noble lords of Liedberg is mentioned for the first time, who awarded numerous knights' fiefs (over 20). In the immediate vicinity there are still numerous mansions and former castle fiefs, z. B. House Horst , castle Steinhausen (Korschenbroich) , House Raedt , House Schlickum (Glehn) , Fürth , House Neuenhoven and Schloss Dyck .

As part of an inheritance division in 1166 between Hildegunde von Ahr and Meer and her sister Elisabeth von Randerath and the founding of the von Meer monastery , a large part of the county was transferred to the Electorate of Cologne .

Liedberg stayed with the Randerath family for four generations. The lordship of Liedberg was then pledged to the Cologne Cathedral Chapter by Ludwig I von Randerath in 1241 . The Archbishop of Cologne, on the other hand, probably ceded Liedberg to Jülich around 1271 . In 1273 King Rudolf von Habsburg acquired the Liedberg rule for 3000 Mk. At the same time he gave it back to Count Wilhelm von Jülich as a fief.

After the death of Wilhelm von Jülich, Countess Ricarde von Jülich returned the lordship of Liedberg to Cologne in 1278. In 1279, Liedberg was again in possession of the Archbishops of the Electorate of Cologne. Song Mountain was then County (office) of the Electorate of Cologne and seat of an Electoral Cologne bailiff . The castle was expanded into a fortress. The districts of Kaarst , Holzheim , Frimmersdorf , Gindorf and Gustorf belonged to the district of Liedberg . The office continued until 1794.

Modern times

The occupation of Liedberg by French revolutionary troops in 1794 ended in 1797 with the peace of Campo Formio . During the territorial, administrative and judicial reform carried out on behalf of the French government in 1798, the old territories and dominions were abolished and new administrative districts were created as departments , cantons and communes . Liedberg belonged to the canton of Neersen. After Napoleon 's change of administration and the introduction of the prefecture in 1800 , the administration consisted of départements, arrondissements and mairies . The canton remained the judicial district and seat of the justice of the peace. The Mairie Liedberg was created as a new administrative unit. It belonged to the Arrondissement de Crévelt in the Département de la Roer . In the Peace Treaty of Lunéville 1801, the four Rhenish departments annexed in 1798 were recognized as French national territory. After the Congress of Vienna, Liedberg came to the Kingdom of Prussia in 1815. In 1816 the community of Liedberg was established.

On June 22, 1930, three young scouts from a group of 16 from the Düsseldorf scout eyrie "Schinderhannes" were buried in the rock cellar below the castle by falling boulders. A corpse could be recovered by the called fire brigade. It was not possible to recover the bodies of the other two people buried because of the danger to their lives. The accident met with great sympathy among the population and throughout the Rhineland. Today the entrance to the rock cellar has been filled in and a cross with the names of the three boy scouts reminds of the unlucky day.

In June 1935, Liedberg celebrated the millennium with a parade and the specially written Heimatfestspiel “General Jan”, which was marked by Nazi rule with a rally of the Nazi women's association and the solstice celebration of the Hitler Youth .

  • Parish Church of Saint George

  • Sand farm

  • Liedberg Castle during restoration (2014)

  • Castle chapel and mill tower

  • Mill tower

  • Historic restaurant Vennen

  • Footfall made from Liedberg sandstone

  • House Fürth near Liedberg

Local and community development in Liedberg

In the Middle Ages, Liedberg Fortress was only inhabited by servants, castle men and a few private individuals (2 houses) within the wall. It was not until 1608 that Liedberg was elevated to a patch (= place) with special rights and by 1632 20 new houses were built, in 1673 there were 40 houses, which, however, were cremated by the Dutch in the same year. Other major fires took place in 1695, 1706 and 1715. From 1700 the fortress ditch ("the black ditch") was thrown in and the place was rebuilt by 1760 with rows of houses that were connected to each other, which still shape the townscape today. The former community of Liedberg consisted of the districts Liedberg, Steinhausen, Drölsholz, Steinforth and Rubbelrath.

From 1935 Song Mountain formed with the community Glehn the Office Glehn . The last mayor of the community of Liedberg was Wilderich Graf von Spee-Mirbach (CDU) (later mayor of Korschenbroich) and his deputy Hermann Drath (CDU). The last honorary community director was Ludwig Bovelet, his general representative was Wilhelm Zimmermann. On January 1, 1975, Liedberg was incorporated into Korschenbroich.

In 1985 Liedberg was awarded the gold medal in the national competition “Our village should be more beautiful” in recognition of “exemplary achievements in the conscious design and maintenance of the immediate living space and the coexistence of the population on the basis of civic activities and self-help”.

History and local research

The local and local history was given by the theologian and local researcher Msgr. Jakob Bremer intensively researched by evaluating all available archive material. The standard work on Liedberg's history comprises 900 pages.

Origin of name

From 1100 the forms Lithebech , Lithebech and Lithberg have been handed down. These traditions point to the Old High German hlita and correspondingly Middle High German lîte , which mean "slope". Also in Middle Low German , which is important for the region, the word is attested as lît (slope, depression, swampy depression). You can also construct the Germanic precursor * hlitha for this word, but this is irrelevant for the place name. So Liedberg will probably mean a small slope or a depression on a hill.

Culture and leisure

In the summer of 2007, parts of the ARD crime comedy series Murder with a View were filmed here.

Buildings

  • Liedberg Castle - the gate tower from the 14th century and the chapel (1707) are still preserved
  • Mühlenturm - defense and residential tower from the 9th century. The oldest building in Korschenbroich.
  • Sandbauernhof - a yard from which the underground sand mining was operated on Song Mountain - now a cultural meeting place of the city Korschenbroich
  • Kommerhof - this is located in the valley of the Kommerbach, near Rubbelrath. The Kommerhof is a former archiepiscopal table good
  • Haus Fürth bei Schlich is a half-timbered moated castle in the Lower Rhine region. Built: 15./16. Century.
  • Parish church of St. George , which was consecrated in 1915.

Regular events

traffic

Liedberg and Steinhausen are separated by the B230 federal road leading from Mönchengladbach to Neuss .

Personalities

Web links

Commons : Liedberg  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Our city - facts & figures. City of Korschenbroich, accessed December 7, 2014 .
  2. ↑ LVR: Significant cultural landscape area Liedberg (KLB 25.03)
  3. ↑ LVR: Significant cultural landscape area Liedberg (KLB 25.03)
  4. ^ Hans Georg Kirchhoff: Amt Korschenbroich: History of the communities Korschenbroich and Pesch , Mönchengladbach 1974.
  5. ↑ Miriam Jolien Blümel: The Eburones - What happened to a prehistoric people in the Rhineland? Master's thesis Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Bonn 2008.
  6. ^ Alfred Hunold: Pre-Germanic place names in the northern Rhineland . Books on Demand 2016, ISBN 978-3-7412-8560-8 .
  7. ↑ a b http://www.schloss-liedberg.de Website Schloss Liedberg
  8. ↑ Dieter Hupka: The Roman settlement finds, commercial remains and street findings in Mönchengladbach-Mülfort, Diss. Cologne 2011
  9. ↑ Gottfried Eckertz: The extension of the Franconian Ripuarland on the left bank of the Rhine ", 1854, page 12
  10. ↑ Georg von Viebahn: Statistics and topography of the government district of Düsseldorf: The natural, regional and folklore - with overviews of the original and Roman, Franconian-German and the later imperial areas Kurköln, Jülich, Berg, Kleve, Mörs, Geldern, Eat, Become & c. and the provinces formed from the same since 1794 - containing economic, political and intellectual statistics in historical processing with 101 tables, Volume 1, page 40
  11. ↑ Gustav Droysen: General historical hand atlas : Holy Roman Empire around 1000.
  12. ↑ Jakob Bremer: The imperial direct rule Millendonk. 1939, p. 19
  13. ↑ Jakob Bremer: The imperial direct rule Millendonk. 1939, p. 19
  14. ↑ Jakob Bremer: The Electoral Cologne Office Liedberg . Kühlen, M. Gladbach 1930, p. 49 .
  15. ↑ Jakob Bremer: The Electoral Cologne Office Liedberg . Kühlen, M. Gladbach 1930, p. 50 .
  16. ↑ Richard Knipping: The Regests of the Archbishops of Cologne in the Middle Ages. Volume 2 (1100–1205) (= publications of the Society for Rhenish History, Volume 21), Bonn 1901, p. 12, No. 75. ( online in the Internet Archive )
  17. ↑ Jakob Bremer: The Electoral Cologne Office Liedberg . Kühlen, M. Gladbach 1930, p. 51 .
  18. ↑ Richard Knipping: The Regests of the Archbishops of Cologne in the Middle Ages. Volume 2 (1100–1205) (= publications of the Society for Rhenish History, Volume 21), Bonn 1901, p. 141, no. 832; Theodor Joseph Lacomblet (ed.): Document book for the history of the Lower Rhine , Volume I (779–1200), Düsseldorf 1840, No. 414, p. 285 ( digitized version ).
  19. ↑ Jakob Bremer: The Electoral Cologne Office Liedberg . Kühlen, M. Gladbach 1930, p. 22-35 .
  20. ^ Paul Clemen: The art monuments of the Rhine province . Third volume IV: The art monuments of the cities and districts of Gladbach and Krefeld . Verlag L. Schwann, Düsseldorf 1896, p. 490.
  21. ^ Paul Clemen: The art monuments of the Rhine province . Third volume IV: The art monuments of the cities and districts of Gladbach and Krefeld . Verlag L. Schwann, Düsseldorf 1896, p. 490.
  22. ^ Wilhelm Janssen: Small Rhenish History. Düsseldorf 1997, pp. 261-264.
  23. ^ Christian Lingen: Korschenbroich: Pathfinder in Liedberg crashed. Retrieved July 8, 2018 .
  24. ↑ Jakob Bremer: The Electoral Cologne Office Liedberg . Kühlen, M. Gladbach 1930, p. 253 ff .
  25. ^ Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality directory for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart / Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 295 .
  26. ↑ Jakob Bremer: The Electoral Cologne Office Liedberg . Cooling, M. Gladbach 1930.
  27. ^ LVR Institute for Regional Studies and Regional History: Origin of the word "Liedberg" . Personal email from October 27, 2014 to CaS2000 .
  28. ↑ RP Online, article from June 8, 2017: Soap box race Liedberg goes into the 39th round on Sunday