List of IDA International Dark Sky Places

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

International Dark Sky Places (IDSP) are those light protection areas identified by the International Dark Sky Association (IDA).

So far (as of the end of 2018) the IDA has awarded prizes to over 100 areas, extensive areas covering an entire area up to small observation sites. In 2020, Niue was the first to declare an entire state to be a dark sky area.

On the concept of protected areas of the IDA

The International Dark Sky Association is a non-profit organization founded by astronomers in Tucson, Arizona, which is now active in numerous countries, to combat light pollution and promote a beautiful starry sky .

The IDA has defined five classes of protected area designations:

  • International Dark Sky Reserve  (IDSR): Public or private land with an outstanding or special starry sky and a nocturnal environment that is specially protected for scientific, ecological, educational, cultural reasons, as cultural heritage or for recreational purposes in a large environment. An IDSR consists of a core zone, in which the minimum requirements for sky quality and natural darkness are achieved, and an environment that supports and benefits from the darkness values ​​of the core zone. It is formed as a partnership of landowners or managers who recognize the value of the starry sky through rules, formal approval or long-term planning. Corresponds to the concept of a general " [nature] protected area ". The title has been awarded since 2008.

  • International Dark Sky Park  (IDSP): A park or other public land with an outstanding starry sky and natural nocturnal habitat, where light pollution is reduced and nocturnal darkness is considered an important educational, cultural, scenic and natural resource. This title has been around since 2006.

  • International Dark Sky Community  (IDSC): A city or municipality that shows outstanding commitment to the preservation of the night sky through the introduction and implementation of measures for high-quality lighting, education and citizen participation. The first light protection community was expelled in 2001.

  • International Dark Sky Sanctuary  (IDSS): Public or private land of outstanding quality of nocturnal darkness, protected for reasons of science, nature conservation, education, cultural property protection or public recreation. Typically extremely remote; corresponds to the concept referred to in German as " [strict] reserve ".

  • Urban Night Sky Places : A public park or open space, observation area or the like in or near a large urban space that is intended to convey a night experience in the midst of artificial light. Young category, no entries yet (as of early 2019).

In addition, the IDA awards various measures for light protection under Dark Sky Friendly Developments of Distinction , but these do not result in light protection areas in the true sense.

The first two ratings are awarded in the form of certification in gold , silver and bronze , which represent the limit values ​​of observation such as apparent brightness (magnitude) or general sky brightness ( Bortle scale or unihedron measurement).

List of International Dark Sky Places

  • Class ... IDA class
  • K … geographic coordinates of the area center
  • Fl. ... area in hectares (land area)
  • since ... reported since
  • Rank of award (IDS sanctuaries first; gold, silver, bronze);
  • DSAG classes : 1… Starlight Reserve (around observatories); 2… Dark Sky Park (a… ecological protection; b… sacred site; c… landscape); 3… Dark Sky Heritage Site ; 4a / b… Dark Sky Outreach Site (public places, a… place, b… rural); 5… Dark Sky Reserve (local initiative); 6… Dark Sky Community (light protection community, a… place, b… rural area)
  • Notes: protection under nature conservation law and notes (sorted by international protection and the highest IUCN category for general nature conservation)
Kl. designation country K Fl. since Remarks
IDSR ! Ae! Hai Kalahari Heritage Park Botswana Apr. 2019 Kgalagadi Transfrontier National Park
IDSC Beverly Shores United States Erioll world.svg 1,510 0 May 2014 - 6a on Lake Michigan; in Indiana Dunes  NP
IDSC Big Park / Village of Oak Creek United States Erioll world.svg 1,176 0 Feb 2016 - 6a close to Sedona IDS community
IDSC Bon Accord Canada Erioll world.svg 211 0 Aug 2015 - 6a Edmonton suburb
IDSC Borrego Springs United States Erioll world.svg 11,242.8 Aug 2009 - 6a surrounded by Anza-Borrego Desert  IDS-Park (Astronomy Park) / SP ;
IDSC Camp Verde United States Erioll world.svg 11,170 0 May 2018 - 6a not far from Flagstaff IDS community
IDSC [Isle of] Coll United Kingdom Erioll world.svg 7,700 0 Dec. 2013 - 6a with SG of the Royal Society for the Protection of Birds
IDSC Dripping Springs United States Erioll world.svg 30,300 0 Feb. 2014 - 6a at Austin
IDSC Flagstaff United States Erioll world.svg 25,500 0 Oct 2001 - 6a first IDS community; Lowell and US Naval Observatory (therefor Licht-SG since 1958); near Flagstaff Area  IDS-Park, also Sedona, Big Park / Oak Creek, Camp Verde IDS-Communities
IDSC Fountain Hills United States Erioll world.svg 5,273 0 Jan. 2018 - 6a Suburb of Phoenix
IDSC Fulda Germany Erioll world.svg 10,404 0 Jan. 2019 - ? accompanying measures for the Star Park Rhön  (IDSR)
IDSC Homer Glenn United States Erioll world.svg 5,750 0 Nov 2011 - 6a Chicago suburb
IDSC Horseshoe Bay United States Erioll world.svg 3,010 0 Nov 2015 - 6a at Austin
IDSC Ketchum United States Erioll world.svg 843 0 Oct 2017 - 6a to Central Idaho  IDS Park; in Sawtooth  NF
IDSC Moffat United Kingdom Erioll world.svg 14,700 0 Feb 2016 - 6a to Galloway Forest  IDS Park
IDSC Møn and Nyord (Møn og Nyord) Denmark Erioll world.svg 22,300 0 March 2017 - 6a Møn island with Nyord ; with IDS-Park (double expulsion); in Møn  BR ; partly N2000 u. a.
IDSC [Isle of] Sark United Kingdom Erioll world.svg 545 0 Jan. 2011 - 6a Kanalinsel, Europe's first IDA light protection community
IDSC Sedona United States Erioll world.svg 4,970 0 Aug. 2014 - 6a near Big Park / Oak Creek IDS community
IDSC Thunder Mountain Pootseev Nightsky (Kaibab Paiute Reservation) United States Erioll world.svg 48,890 0 May 2015 - 6a first indigenous reserve ( Kaibab Paiute );
IDSC Torrey United States Erioll world.svg 130 0 Jan. 2018 - 6a to the Capitol Reef  IDS-Park
IDSC Westcliffe and Silver Cliff United States Erioll world.svg 43,300 0 March 2015 - 6a Wet Mountain Valley : Westcliffe , Silver Cliff
IDSC Wimberley Valley United States Erioll world.svg 97,600 0 June 2018 - 6a Wimberley , Woodcreek ; at Austin – San Antonio
IDSP Albanyà Spain Erioll world.svg 9,440 0 June 2017 silver 2c with Observatori Astronòmic Bassegoda Park , Licht-SG since 2015 ( Starlight Foundation ) ; in PEIN  Alta Garrotxa
IDSP Antelope Island State Park United States Erioll world.svg 11,650 0 May 2017 2a Great Salt Lake, Sp
IDSP Anza-Borrego Desert State Park United States Erioll world.svg 237.100 0 Jan. 2018 2a Astronomy Park around Borrego Springs IDS Community; in Mojave and Colorado Deserts  BR ; Anza-Borrego Desert  SP ;
IDSP Ballycroy National Park and Wild Nephin Wilderness (Mayo) Ireland Erioll world.svg 15,000 0 May 2016 gold 2a in Ballycroy  NP , Wild Nephin  WA , Owenduff / Nephin Complex SPA (N2000)
IDSP Big Bend National Park United States Erioll world.svg 324.219 0 Feb. 2012 gold 2a adjacent to Big Bend Ranch State Park  IDSP; BR / NP
IDSP Big Bend Ranch State Park United States Erioll world.svg 127,651 0 Nov 2017 gold 1 state out-door park; adjacent to Big Bend National Park  IDSP; SP
IDSP Black Canyon of the Gunnison National Park United States Erioll world.svg 12,445 0 Sep 2015 2a NP
IDSP Bodmin Moor United Kingdom Erioll world.svg 43,460 0 July 2017 5 managed as Dark Sky Landscape , in Cornish / West Devon Mining  WHS (cultural landscape); in Cornwall  AONB
IDSP Bükk Hungary Erioll world.svg 43,130 0 June 2017 2a Hungarian. Bükk Csillagoségbolt-Park ('Starry-Sky Park'); NP
IDSP Canyonlands National Park United States Erioll world.svg 136,600 0 Aug 2015 gold 2a adjacent Dead Horse Point  IDSP; NP
IDSP Capitol Reef National Park United States Erioll world.svg 98,000 0 Apr. 2015 gold 2a also Torrey IDS Community; NP
IDSP Capulin Volcano National Monument United States Erioll world.svg 321 0 Aug 2016 gold 2a near Clayton Lake  IDSP; NM
IDSP Cedar Breaks National Monument United States Erioll world.svg 2,941 0 Jan. 2017 2c NM
IDSP Chaco Culture National Historical Park United States Erioll world.svg 13,749 0 Aug 2013 gold 3 Anasazi culture ; WHS / NHP
IDSP Copper Breaks State Park United States Erioll world.svg 768.4 Aug. 2014 gold 2a SP
IDSP Craters of the Moon National Monument United States Erioll world.svg 21,618 0 Sep 2017 silver 2a Part of the NM
IDSP De Boschplaat Netherlands Erioll world.svg 4,000 0 June 2015 2a Dark Sky Terschelling ; Waddenzee  BR ; ENR  Boschplaat ; partly Duinen Terschelling  RS / N2000
IDSP Dead Horse Point State Park United States Erioll world.svg 2,170 0 June 2016 2a neighboring Canyonlands  IDSP; SP
IDSP Death Valley National Park United States Erioll world.svg 1,362,800 0 Feb. 2013 gold 2a in Mojave and Colorado Deserts  BR ; NP
IDSP Elan Valley Estate (Cwm Elan) United Kingdom Erioll world.svg 18,000 0 July 2015 silver 2a Water SG for Birmingham; in Elenydd Mallaen- SPA (N2000) , Cambrian Mountains  ESA ; with Claerwen  NNR , div.SAC (N2000) , SSSI
IDSP Cherry Springs State Park United States Erioll world.svg 33 0 June 2008 gold 2a Licht-SG since 2000 ( Penn. Dept. of Conservation and Natural Resources ) ; SP , in Susquehannock  SF
IDSP Clayton Lake State Park United States Erioll world.svg 190 0 June 2010 gold 2a with Star Point Observatory ; near Capulin Volcano  IDSP; SP
IDSP Enchanted Rock State Natural Area United States Erioll world.svg 665 0 Aug. 2014 gold 2a SP (SNA)
IDSP Flagstaff Area National Monuments United States Erioll world.svg 16,994 0 May 2016 2a Three areas: Walnut Canyon , Sunset Crater Volcano , Wupatki  NM ; at Flagstaff IDS Community
IDSP Galloway Forest Park United Kingdom Erioll world.svg 80,700 0 Nov 2009 gold 5 with Scottish International Dark Sky Observatory ; with Moffat IDS community; in Galloway and South Ayrshire  BR ; CP
IDSP [Geauga] Observatory Park United States Erioll world.svg 418.4 Aug 2011 silver 1 on Lake Erie; for the Oberle Observatory  & Robert McCullough Science Center in Montville (formerly Nassau Observatory , Licht-SG since 2008)
IDSP Goblin Valley State Park United States Erioll world.svg 1,479 0 Sep 2016 gold 2a SP
IDSP Glacier National Park United States Erioll world.svg 410.077 0 Apr 2017 2a Part of the Waterton-Glacier International Peace Park  IDS (Canada / USA), also WHS / BR ; NP
IDSP Grand Canyon National Park United States Erioll world.svg 492,608 0 June 2016 ~ 2a provisional until 2019; NP
IDSP Grand Canyon-Parashant National Monument (Parashant) United States Erioll world.svg 424.242 0 March 2014 gold 2a Parashant International Night Sky Province (formerly as IDS Reserve); NM
IDSP Great Basin National Park United States Erioll world.svg 31,230 0 May 2016 gold 2a NP
IDSP [The] Headlands United States Erioll world.svg 242.8 May 2011 silver 2a in Mackinaw City on Lake Michigan, CP
IDSP Hortobágy Hungary Erioll world.svg 82,000 0 Jan. 2011 silver 2a Hungarian: Hortobágyi Csillagoségbolt Park ('Starry-Sky Park'); WHS / NP , partly BR , RS
IDSP Hovenweep National Monument United States Erioll world.svg 318 0 July 2014 gold 3 several sub-areas; NM
IDSP Iriomote-Ishigaki National Park Japan Erioll world.svg 40,653 0 March 2018 2a in the Yaeyama Islands; NP (Japanese Iriomote-Ishigaki Kokuritsu Kōen ); WHS candidate (2017)
IDSP Joshua Tree National Park United States Erioll world.svg 319.960 0 Aug 2017 silver 2a NP
IDSP Kartchner Caverns State Park United States Erioll world.svg 290 0 Aug 2017 silver 2a NP
IDSP Kissimmee Prairie Preserve State Park United States Erioll world.svg 21,800 0 Jan. 2016 2a not far from Harmony (IDA Developments); SP
IDSP Lauwersmeer Netherlands Erioll world.svg 6,010 0 Oct. 2016 2a NP / N2000
IDSP Mayland Earth to Sky Park & ​​Bare International Dark Sky Observatory (Blue Ridge) United States Erioll world.svg 2.4 Feb. 2014 4b Bare Dark Sky Observatory , formerly Blue Ridge Observatory and Star Park; EnergyXchange
IDSP Middle Fork River Forest Preserve United States Erioll world.svg 688 0 Nov 2018 2a FP
IDSP Møn and Nyord (Møn og Nyord) Denmark Erioll world.svg 2,284 0 March 2017 2a several sub-areas (Nyord – Ulvshale and Høje Møn); in IDS-Community (double registration), Møn  BR , N2000 u. a.
IDSP Natural Bridges National Monument United States Erioll world.svg 3,091 0 March 2006 gold 2a first IDS park; Anasazi culture ; NM
IDSP Newport State Park United States Erioll world.svg 960 0 June 2017 2a on Lake Michigan; SP
IDSP Northumberland [National Park and Kielder Water & Forest Park] United Kingdom Erioll world.svg 159,200 0 July 2013 2c with Kielder Observatory ; Northumberland  NP , Kielder  W&FP
IDSP Obed Wild and Scenic River United States Erioll world.svg 2.023 0 Nov 2017 2c on the Obed River , near Staunton River IDS Park; WSR
IDSP Oracle State Park United States Erioll world.svg 1,619 0 Nov. 2014 2a at Tucson; SP
IDSP Petrified Forest National Park United States Erioll world.svg 594,600 0 June 2018 2a NP ; WHS candidate (2008)
IDSP Pickett CCC Memorial State Park & ​​Pogue Creek Canyon State Natural Area United States Erioll world.svg 1,600 0 May 2015 silver 2a two sub-areas: Pickett Civilian Conservation Corps Memorial  (CCCM)  SP , in Pickett  State Forest ; Pogue Creek Canyon  SNA
IDSP Ramon Crater (Machtesch Ramon) Israel Erioll world.svg 110,000 0 Sep 2017 silver 2c NR , includes parts of Har Ha'Negev and Matsuk Ha-Zsinim  NR
IDSP Salinas Pueblo Missions National Monument United States Erioll world.svg 436 0 Oct. 2016 3 three sub-areas (Quarai, Abo, Gran Quivira) ; NM
IDSP South Llano River State Park United States Erioll world.svg 1,050 0 Feb 2017 2c on the South Llano River ; near UBarU Camp and Retreat IDS Park; SP
IDSP Staunton River State Park United States Erioll world.svg 945 0 July 2015 2a Public viewing spot; near Obed River IDS Park; SP
IDSP Steinaker State Park United States Erioll world.svg 923.9 Jan. 2018 2a SP
IDSP Stephen C. Foster State Park United States Erioll world.svg 32 0 Nov 2016 2a in the Okefenokee ; in SP
IDSP Tomintoul and Glenlivet - Cairngorms United Kingdom Erioll world.svg 23,000 0 Nov 2018 gold 5 partly in Cairngorm Lochs  RS / Cairngorms  NP
IDSP Tumacácori National Historical Park United States Erioll world.svg 150 0 May 2018 3 NHP with NHL (three sub-areas)
IDSP UBarU Camp and Retreat Center United States Erioll world.svg 57.5 Nov 2015 4b west of Austin; priv. ( Unitarian Universalists Texas); near South Llano River IDS Park;
IDSP Warrumbungle National Park Australia Erioll world.svg 23,312 0 July 2016 gold 2a NP ; for Mount Stromlo and the Siding Spring Observatory
IDSP Waterton Lakes National Park Canada Erioll world.svg 50,500 0 Apr 2017 2a Part of the Waterton-Glacier International Peace Park  IDS (Canada / USA), also WHS / BR ; NP
(IDSP) Waterton-Glacier International Peace Park Canada / USA Erioll world.svg 460,600 0 Apr 2017 2a first cross-border IDS area (initially classified as IDS park); Peace Park (since 1932) / WHS / BR ; Waterton Lakes  NP (Canada) and Glacier  NP (USA) IDS parks
IDSP Weber County's North Fork Park United States Erioll world.svg 1,000 0 Apr. 2015 bronze 2a in a winter sports area; CP
IDSP Winklmoosalm Germany Erioll world.svg 79 0 Apr. 2018 2c German Star Park
IDSP Yeongyang Firefly Eco Park South Korea Erioll world.svg 390 0 Oct. 2015 4b in Wangpicheon  ELC
IDSP Zselic Hungary Erioll world.svg 9,042 0 Nov 2009 silver 2a Hungarian. Zselici Csillagoségbolt-park ('Starry-Sky Park'); since 2006 ( Hungarian Astronomer Ges. ) ; with Zselici  TK (LSG)
IDSR Aoraki Mackenzie New Zealand Erioll world.svg 436,700 0 Oct. 2012 gold 1 for the Mt John Observatory ; partly Aoraki / Mount Cook  NP
IDSR Brecon Beacons National Park United Kingdom Erioll world.svg 134,679 0 Feb. 2013 silver 5 NP
IDSR Central Idaho United States Erioll world.svg 366,800 0 Dec 2017 gold 5 with Ketchum IDS community; with Sawtooth and White Clouds  WA and Sawtooth  NRA , in Sawtooth  NF
IDSR Cévennes National Park (Parc National des Cévennes) France Erioll world.svg 360,000 0 Aug 2018 5 French RICE; PM (WHS) Les Causses et les Cevennes ; RB  Cevennes ; partly PN
IDSR Exmoor National Park United Kingdom Erioll world.svg 69,280 0 Oct 2011 silver 5 with Norman Lockyer Observatory ; in Braunton Burrows-North Devon  BR ; NP
IDSR Kerry Ireland Erioll world.svg 700,000 0 Jan. 2014 2c Iveragh Peninsula , with Kerry  GeoPk , Derrynane  NHP (megaliths)
IDSR Mont Mégantic Canada Erioll world.svg 530,000 0 Sep 2007 silver 1 French RICE; first IDS reserve; for the Observatoire du Mont Mégantic ; contains IBA / PN  Mont-Mégantic with RÉ  Samuel-Brisson
IDSR Moore's Reserve (South Downs) United Kingdom Erioll world.svg 162,700 0 May 2016 5 South Downs  NP
IDSR NamibRand Nature Reserve Namibia Erioll world.svg 202,200 0 June 2012 gold 2a first light SG in Africa; priv. SG under public administration
IDSR Pic du Midi France Erioll world.svg 311.200 0 Dec. 2013 1 French RICE; for the Observatoire du Pic du Midi ; includes WHS  Pyrénées-Mont Perdu , PN  Pyrénées
IDSR Rhön Germany Erioll world.svg 172,000 0 Aug. 2014 5 German Star Park ; in BR  Rhön , NPk  Bavarian Rhön ; three sub-areas (Hohe Geba, Lange Rhön, Black Mountains)
IDSR Snowdonia National Park United Kingdom Erioll world.svg 213.200 0 Dec 2015 silver 5 Castles and Town Walls of King Edward at Gwynedd  WHS ; in NP
IDSR West Havelland Germany Erioll world.svg 74,900 0 Feb. 2014 5 German Star Park ; in NPk Westhavelland
IDSS Aotea / Great Barrier Island New Zealand Erioll world.svg 28,500 0 June 2017 - 6b with Aotea  CP , partly in Hauraki Gulf  MP
IDSS Cosmic Campground United States Erioll world.svg 1.4 Jan. 2016 - 2a in the Gila  NF
IDSS Devils River State Natural Area - Del Norte Unit United States Erioll world.svg 8,088 0 Jan. 2019 - ? in the Devils River  SNA
IDSS Gabriela Mistral Chile Erioll world.svg 36,423 0 Aug 2015 - 1 first IDS sanctuary; for the AURA observatories ; priv. Rsv  El Totoral
IDSS Rainbow Bridge National Monument United States Erioll world.svg 65 0 Apr. 2018 - 2 B NM / RHP ; in Glen Canyon  NCA
IDSS Stewart Island / Rakiura New Zealand Erioll world.svg 174,600 0 Jan. 2019 - 2a mostly Rakiura  NP
105 total approx. 9,730,000 0 (Jan. 2019)
Status and sources: January 2018: IDA DSAG:
  1. ↑ a b c French Réserve internationale de ciel étoilé (RICE)

Former expulsions and unclear status

  • IDSP Goldendale Observatory Park (United States Erioll world.svg): 2 ha, June 2010–2016 / 17 ( silver, DSAG 5) - for the Goldendale Observatory ; SP ; withdrawn due to poor reports.
  • IDSP Eifel National Park (Germany Erioll world.svg): 10,700 ha, February 2014–2018 (DSAG 2a) - German Star Park, Star Region Eifel ; NP ; Status was provisional; is to be further developed into the IDS reserve (star reserve)
  • IDSP Big Cypress National Preserve (United States Erioll world.svg): 296,278 hectares, October 2016–2018 (DSAG 2a) - in the Everglades; NPr ; no longer on the list

annotation

  1. ↑ Note: This article contains characters from the alphabet of the Khoisan languages spoken in southern Africa . The display contains characters of the click letters ǀ , ǁ , ǂ and ǃ . For more information on the pronunciation of long or nasal vowels or certain clicks , see e.g. B. under Khoekhoegowab .

swell

  1. ↑ a b International Dark Sky Reserves . darksky.org
  2. ↑ a b International Dark Sky Parks . darksky.org
  3. ↑ a b International Dark Sky Communities . darksky.org
  4. ↑ a b International Dark Sky Sanctuaries . darksky.org
  5. ↑ a b Urban Night Sky Places . darksky.org
  6. ↑ a b c World List of Dark Sky Places. IUCN-DSAG (current version via Dark skies and nature conservation , darksky.org).
  7. ↑ a b Find a Dark Sky Place . Interactive map, IUCN-DSAG (on darksky.org).

Web links

Old lists:

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ The first country in the world is "Dark Sky Nation". Travelbook, March 10, 2020.
  2. ↑ a b International Dark Sky Places . International Dark Sky Association, at darksky.org (current version of descriptions).
  3. ↑ “ International Dark Sky Reserve: a public or private land possessing an exceptional or distinguished quality of starry nights and nocturnal environment that is specifically protected for its scientific, natural, educational, cultural, heritage and / or public enjoyment mission of a large peripheral area . The International Dark Sky Reserve consists of a core area meeting the minimum criteria for sky quality and natural darkness, and a peripheral area that supports dark sky values ​​in the core and receives benefits from them as well. The International Dark Sky Reserve is formed through a partnership of multiple land owners and / or administrators that have recognized the value of the starry night through regulation and / or formal agreement and / or long term planning. ”(Translation Wikipedia)
  4. ↑ “ International Dark Sky Park: a park or other public land possessing exceptional starry skies and natural nocturnal habitat where light pollution is mitigated and natural darkness is valuable as an important educational, cultural, scenic, and natural resources. ”(Translation Wikipedia)
  5. ↑ “ International Dark Sky Community: a town, city, municipality, or other legally organized community that has shown exceptional dedication to the preservation of the night sky through the implementation and enforcement of quality lighting codes, dark sky education, and citizen support of dark skies. ”(Translation Wikipedia)
  6. ↑ “ An IDA Dark Sky Sanctuary is public or private land that has an exceptional or distinguished quality of starry nights and a nocturnal environment that is protected for its scientific, natural, or educational value, its cultural heritage and / or public enjoyment. ”(Translation Wikipedia)
  7. ↑ “ An IDA Urban Night Sky Place is a municipal park, open space, observing site, or other similar property near or surrounded by large urban environs whose planning and design actively promote an authentic nighttime experience in the midst of significant artificial light. ”(Translation Wikipedia)
  8. ↑ Relevant common wide-angle lighting meters of the type made by the Canadian company Unihedron; Information in size classes / square arc seconds (mag / arcsec 2 ); unihedron.com
  9. ^ How To Conduct A Sky Quality Survey . IDA policy, on darksky.org.
  10. ↑ The DSAG usually gives the area of ​​the underlying nature conservation area, so this may differ from other area information; see. DSP world list, Notes .
  11. ↑ ! Ae! Hai Kalahari Heritage Park a sanctuary far from madding lights. The Citizen, April 27, 2019.
  12. ↑ Explore our dark skies . bonaccord.ca.
  13. ↑ a b Borrego Springs International Dark Sky Coalition (on abdnha.org).
  14. ↑ arkskycoll.co.uk Dark Sky Coll
  15. ↑ flagstaffdarkskies.org Flagstaff Dark Skies Coalition
  16. ↑ Flaggstaff is a traditional place of US astronomy, a little north of Tucson, the seat of the International Dark Sky Association.
  17. ↑ a b darksky-moen.dk International Dark Sky Møn og Nyord
  18. ^ Kaibab Paiute Indian Reservation named International Dark Sky Community . In: Navajo-Hopi Observer , May 26, 2015;
    Kaibab Paiute Nation Named an International Dark Sky Community . KNAU Arizona Public Radio online June 8, 2015.
  19. ↑ observatorialbanya.com Observatori Astronòmic Bassegoda Park.
  20. ↑ mayodarkskypark.ie Mayo Dark Sky Park.
  21. ↑ Dark Sky Terschelling (darkskyterschelling.nl)
  22. ↑ elanvalley.org.uk Elan Valley.
  23. ↑ gallowayforestpark.com  ( page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.@1@ 2Template: Dead Link / www.gallowayforestpark.com  
  24. ^ Observatory Park . geaugaparkdistrict.org
  25. ↑ The Headlands - An Emmet County Park on the Straits of Mackinac , International Dark Sky Park ( Memento of the original from October 29, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.emmetcounty.org archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , both emmetcounty.org
  26. ↑ Bare Dark Sky Observatory (on mayland.edu).
  27. ↑ Tomintoul and Glenlivet - Cairngorms Dark Sky Park (darkskies.glenlivet-cairngorms.co.uk)
  28. ↑ UBarU (ubaru.org)
  29. ↑ Zselici Csillagoségbolt Park
    Zselici TK . ddnp.hu.
  30. ↑ The protected area is also looked after by the Duna-Dráva National Park Administration , but is not part of it; see. Map ( Memento of the original from September 14, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , ddnp.hu. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.ddnp.hu
  31. ↑ kerrydarksky.com Kerry International Dark-Sky Reserve
  32. ↑ RICE . Régie du Pic du Midi (picdumidi.com).
  33. ^ Annexes of the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy (AURA) in the Elqui Valley; these also own the land.
  34. ^ Goldendale Observatory loses prestigious Dark Sky Park status . Pat Muir in Yakima Herald-Republic online (yakimaherald.com), April 19, 2017.
  35. ↑ Eifel National Park , darksky.org ( Memento of July 8, 2018 in the Internet Archive );
    Sternenregion-Eifel.de .
  36. ↑ Big Cypress National Preserve . ( Memento from June 26, 2018 in the Internet Archive ) darksky.org