List of the most widely spoken languages

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This list of the most widely spoken languages sorts the languages ​​of the world according to their total number of speakers ( native speakers and second or third speakers ) and the total number of pure native speakers. The number of languages ​​is estimated at 7,079 worldwide. However, half of the world's population speaks one of the 23 most widely spoken languages, while a third of the world's languages ​​are critically endangered and only have a few thousand speakers.

List of languages ​​by total number of speakers

List of the 30 most widely spoken languages ​​worldwide by total number of speakers. The number of first, second and total speakers as well as the language family to which the language belongs is given. All information is largely based on the database Ethnologue of the institute SIL International from the year 2019, which maintains the world's most extensive database on all languages ​​in the world. All details are to be regarded as estimates.

rank language Language family Native speakers in millions Second language speakers in millions Total speakers in millions Countries with the highest number of speakers
1 English Indo-European languages 379 753 1,132 USA , UK
2 Mandarin Chinese Sino-Tibetan languages 918 199 1,117 People's Republic of China , Taiwan
3 Hindi Indo-European languages 341 274 615 India
4th Spanish Indo-European languages 477 95 572 Mexico , Colombia , Spain
5 Arabic Afro-Asian languages 315 132 447 Egypt , Algeria , Saudi Arabia
6th French Indo-European languages 77 203 280 France
7th Urdu Indo-European languages 80 200 280 Pakistan , India
8th Bengali Indo-European languages 228 37 265 Bangladesh , India
9 Russian Indo-European languages 154 104 258 Russia , CIS countries
10 Portuguese Indo-European languages 221 13 234 Brazil , Portugal
11 Malay Austronesian languages 43 155 198 Indonesia , Malaysia
12 Punjabi Indo-European languages 135 5 140 Pakistan , India
13 German Indo-European languages 95 40 135 Germany , Austria , Switzerland
14th Persian Indo-European languages 62 67 129 Iran , Afghanistan , Tajikistan
15th Japanese Japanese languages 128 0.1 128 Japan
16 Swahili Niger Congo Languages 16 82 98 Tanzania , Kenya
17th Marathi Indo-European languages 83 12 95 India
18th Telugu Dravidian languages 82 11 93 India
19th Wu Chinese Sino-Tibetan languages 81 ... 81 People's Republic of China
20th Tamil Dravidian languages 75 6th 81 India
21st Turkish Turkic languages 79 ... 79 Turkey
22nd Vietnamese Austro-Asian languages 76 1 77 Vietnam
23 Korean Korean languages 77 ... 77 South Korea , North Korea
24 Cantonese Sino-Tibetan languages 73 ... 73 People's Republic of China
25th Italian Indo-European languages 65 3 68 Italy
26th Javanese Austronesian languages 68 ... 68 Indonesia
27 Hausa Afro-Asian languages 44 20th 64 Nigeria
28 Thai Tai Kadai languages 21st 40 61 Thailand
29 Gujarati Indo-European languages 56 4th 60 India
30th Bhojpuri Indo-European languages 52 ... 52 India

List of languages ​​by number of native speakers

Top 100 languages ​​by native speakers as a percentage of the world population

List of languages ​​by number of native speakers in 2007, as well as the language family to which the language belongs and the country with the highest number of speakers. The source is the Swedish encyclopedia Nationalencyclopedin .

rank language Language family Native speakers
in millions of people
Country with the most
speakers
1 Mandarin Chinese Sino-Tibetan languages 935 China People's RepublicPeople's Republic of China People's Republic of China
2 Spanish Indo-European languages 390 MexicoMexico Mexico
3 English Indo-European languages 365 United StatesUnited States United States
4th Hindi Indo-European languages 295 IndiaIndia India
5 Arabic Afro-Asian languages 280 EgyptEgypt Egypt
6th Portuguese Indo-European languages 204 BrazilBrazil Brazil
7th Bengali Indo-European languages 200 BangladeshBangladesh Bangladesh
8th Russian Indo-European languages 160 RussiaRussia Russia
9 Punjabi Indo-European languages 135 PakistanPakistan Pakistan
10 Japanese Japanese languages 125 JapanJapan Japan
11 German Indo-European languages 92 GermanyGermany Germany
12 Javanese Austronesian languages 82 IndonesiaIndonesia Indonesia
13 Wu Chinese Sino-Tibetan languages 80 China People's RepublicPeople's Republic of China People's Republic of China
14th Urdu Indo-European languages 80 PakistanPakistan Pakistan
15th Malay Austronesian languages 77 IndonesiaIndonesia Indonesia
16 Telugu Dravidian languages 76 IndiaIndia India
17th Vietnamese Austro-Asian languages 76 VietnamVietnam Vietnam
18th Korean Korean languages 76 Korea SouthSouth Korea South Korea
19th French Indo-European languages 75 FranceFrance France
20th Marathi Indo-European languages 73 IndiaIndia India
21st Tamil Dravidian languages 70 IndiaIndia India
22nd Turkish Turkic languages 63 TurkeyTurkey Turkey
23 Italian Indo-European languages 59 ItalyItaly Italy
24 Cantonese Sino-Tibetan languages 59 China People's RepublicPeople's Republic of China People's Republic of China
25th Thai Tai Kadai languages 56 ThailandThailand Thailand
26th Gujarati Indo-European languages 49 IndiaIndia India
27 Jin Chinese Sino-Tibetan languages 48 China People's RepublicPeople's Republic of China People's Republic of China
28 Min Nan Chinese Sino-Tibetan languages 47 TaiwanRepublic of China (Taiwan) Taiwan
29 Persian Indo-European languages 45 IranIran Iran
30th Polish Indo-European languages 40 PolandPoland Poland
31 Pashtun Indo-European languages 39 AfghanistanAfghanistan Afghanistan
32 Kannada Dravidian languages 38 IndiaIndia India
33 Xiang Chinese Sino-Tibetan languages 38 China People's RepublicPeople's Republic of China People's Republic of China
34 Malayalam Dravidian languages 38 IndiaIndia India
35 Sundanese Austronesian languages 38 IndonesiaIndonesia Indonesia
36 Hausa Afro-Asian languages 34 NigeriaNigeria Nigeria
37 Oriya Indo-European languages 33 IndiaIndia India
38 Burmese Sino-Tibetan languages 33 MyanmarMyanmar Myanmar
39 Hakka Chinese Sino-Tibetan languages 31 China People's RepublicPeople's Republic of China People's Republic of China
40 Ukrainian Indo-European languages 30th UkraineUkraine Ukraine
41 Bhojpuri Indo-European languages 29 IndiaIndia India
42 Tagalog Austronesian languages 28 PhilippinesPhilippines Philippines
43 Yoruba Niger Congo Languages 28 NigeriaNigeria Nigeria
44 Maithili Indo-European languages 28 IndiaIndia India
45 Uzbek Turkic languages 26th UzbekistanUzbekistan Uzbekistan
46 Sindhi Indo-European languages 26th PakistanPakistan Pakistan
47 Amharic Afro-Asian languages 25th EthiopiaEthiopia Ethiopia
48 Fulfulde Niger Congo Languages 24 NigeriaNigeria Nigeria
49 Romanian Indo-European languages 24 RomaniaRomania Romania
50 Oromo Afro-Asian languages 24 EthiopiaEthiopia Ethiopia
51 Igbo Niger Congo Languages 24 NigeriaNigeria Nigeria
52 Azerbaijani Turkic languages 23 IranIran Iran
53 Awadhi Indo-European languages 22nd IndiaIndia India
54 Gan Chinese Sino-Tibetan languages 22nd China People's RepublicPeople's Republic of China People's Republic of China
55 Cebuano Austronesian languages 22nd PhilippinesPhilippines Philippines
56 Dutch Indo-European languages 21st NetherlandsNetherlands Netherlands
57 Kurdish Indo-European languages 21st TurkeyTurkey Turkey
58 Serbo-Croatian Indo-European languages 19th SerbiaSerbia Serbia
59 Malagasy Austronesian languages 18th MadagascarMadagascar Madagascar
60 Saraiki Indo-European languages 17th PakistanPakistan Pakistan
61 Nepali Indo-European languages 17th NepalNepal Nepal
62 Sinhala Indo-European languages 16 Sri LankaSri Lanka Sri Lanka
63 Chittagonian Indo-European languages 16 BangladeshBangladesh Bangladesh
64 Zhuang Chinese Sino-Tibetan languages 16 China People's RepublicPeople's Republic of China People's Republic of China
65 Khmer Austro-Asian languages 16 CambodiaCambodia Cambodia
66 Turkmen Turkic languages 16 TurkmenistanTurkmenistan Turkmenistan
67 Assamese Indo-European languages 15th IndiaIndia India
68 Madurese Austronesian languages 15th IndonesiaIndonesia Indonesia
69 Somali Afro-Asian languages 15th SomaliaSomalia Somalia
70 Marwari ( Rajasthani ) Indo-European languages 14th IndiaIndia India
71 Magahi Indo-European languages 14th IndiaIndia India
72 Haryanvi Indo-European languages 14th IndiaIndia India
73 Hungarian Ural languages 13 HungaryHungary Hungary
74 Chhattisgarhi Indo-European languages 12 IndiaIndia India
75 Greek Indo-European languages 12 GreeceGreece Greece
76 Chichewa Niger Congo Languages 12 MalawiMalawi Malawi
77 Dakhini Indo-European languages 11 IndiaIndia India
78 Akan Niger Congo Languages 11 GhanaGhana Ghana
79 Kazakh Turkic languages 11 KazakhstanKazakhstan Kazakhstan
80 Min Bei-Chinese Sino-Tibetan languages 10.9 China People's RepublicPeople's Republic of China People's Republic of China
81 Sylheti Indo-European languages 10.7 BangladeshBangladesh Bangladesh
82 isiZulu Niger Congo Languages 10.4 South AfricaSouth Africa South Africa
83 Czech Indo-European languages 10.0 Czech RepublicCzech Republic Czech Republic
84 Kinyarwanda Niger Congo Languages 9.8 RwandaRwanda Rwanda
85 Dhundari Indo-European languages 9.6 IndiaIndia India
86 Haitian Creole Creole languages 9.6 HaitiHaiti Haiti
87 Min Dong Chinese Sino-Tibetan languages 9.5 China People's RepublicPeople's Republic of China People's Republic of China
88 Ilokano Austronesian languages 9.1 PhilippinesPhilippines Philippines
89 Quechua Quechua languages 8.9 PeruPeru Peru
90 Kirundi Niger Congo Languages 8.8 BurundiBurundi Burundi
91 Swedish Indo-European languages 8.7 SwedenSweden Sweden
92 Hmong Hmong Mien languages 8.4 China People's RepublicPeople's Republic of China People's Republic of China
93 Shona Niger Congo Languages 8.3 ZimbabweZimbabwe Zimbabwe
94 Uighur Turkic languages 8.2 China People's RepublicPeople's Republic of China People's Republic of China
95 Hiligaynon Austronesian languages 8.2 PhilippinesPhilippines Philippines
96 Mòoré Niger Congo Languages 7.6 Burkina FasoBurkina Faso Burkina Faso
97 isiXhosa Niger Congo Languages 7.6 South AfricaSouth Africa South Africa
98 Belarusian Indo-European languages 7.6 BelarusBelarus Belarus
99 Baluchish Indo-European languages 7.6 PakistanPakistan Pakistan
100 Konkani Indo-European languages 7.4 IndiaIndia India

Individual evidence

  1. How many languages ​​are there in the world? In: Ethnologue . May 3, 2016 ( ethnologue.com [accessed March 7, 2018]).
  2. Summary by language size . In: Ethnologue . ( ethnologue.com [accessed March 10, 2018]).
  3. Instituto Cervantes: El español una lengua viva, informe 2017. (PDF) Accessed in 2017 .
  4. Ethnologue: Table 3. Languages ​​with at least 50 million first-language speakers. Accessed in 2016 .
  5. Mikael Parkvall, "Världens 100 största språk 2007" (The 100 most spoken languages in 2007), in Nationalencyklopedin . Updates with 2010 estimates for the top 10 languages