List of mixed world heritage sites

Mixed world heritage sites or mixed cultural and natural heritage sites are UNESCO World Heritage sites that not only meet the criteria of being protected either for a world cultural heritage or for a world natural heritage, but also meet criteria for both. As of 2019, 39 world heritage sites in 31 countries are listed by UNESCO as mixed world heritage sites, three of which are cross-border or transnational .

definition

Mixed World Heritage sites are defined in the guidelines for the implementation of the World Heritage Convention:

"Goods are considered to be" mixed cultural and natural heritage "if they partially or completely meet the definitions of cultural and natural heritage according to Articles 1 and 2 of the Convention."

Originally, the criteria for cultural and natural heritage sites formed two separate groups that were numbered separately ( cultural heritage criteria i – vi and natural heritage criteria i – iv). In the guidelines that have been in force since February 2005, they have been combined into a group of 10 criteria and numbered consecutively. As a result, the natural heritage criteria i – iv became criteria vii – x. Since then, all criteria for each nominated property have been checked together.

Mixed world heritage sites

image	description	year	Ref.	Contracting State (s)	Remarks
( more pictures )	Ngorongoro Nature Reserve ( location )	1979 2010	39	Tanzania	In 1979 it was included in the World Heritage Site, and in 2010 it was also included in the World Heritage Site due to archaeological finds that testify to human development over four million years.
( more pictures )	Tikal National Park ( location )	1979	64	Guatemala	57,600 hectare national park with the Mayan city ​​of Tikal and the surrounding wetlands, savannas and tropical deciduous and palm forests
( more pictures )	Natural and cultural heritage of the Ohrid region ( location )	1979 1980 2019	99	North Macedonia ( Yugoslavia )  Albania	1979 inclusion of the then Yugoslav part of Lake Ohrid in the world natural heritage, 1980 expansion to include cultural sites to a mixed world heritage site, 2019 expansion to include the Albanian part of the lake and Albanian cultural sites
( more pictures )	Kakadu National Park ( location )	1981	147	Australia	19,804 square kilometer national park on the north coast of Australia with a unique flora and fauna and rock paintings of the Aborigines
( more pictures )	Willandra Lake Region ( location )	1981	167	Australia	Tertiary, 2400 square kilometer fossil lake area in southwestern New South Wales with archaeologically proven human settlement more than 40,000 years ago, site of Mungo Man and Mungo Lady , the oldest known remains of Homo Sapiens in Australia
( more pictures )	Tassili n'Ajjer ( location )	1982	179	Algeria	Mountain range in the Sahara with striking rock formations and stone arches and prehistoric rock paintings
( more pictures )	Tasmanian wilderness ( location )	1982	181	Australia	15,842 square kilometers of protected area on the island of Tasmania, southeast of the Australian continent, with one of the last temperate rainforests on earth and archaeological remains of human habitation for over 20,000 years.
( more pictures )	Machu Picchu ( location )	1983	274	Peru	Terraced ruined city of the Inca , embedded in a mountain landscape of extraordinary scenic and geomorphological beauty, outstanding example of a long-term harmonious and aesthetically impressive relationship between human culture and nature
( more pictures )	Goreme National Park and rock monuments of Cappadocia ( location )	1985	357	Turkey	includes the historical Göreme National Park with striking tuff rock formations , in which the city of Göreme, known for its cave architecture, is located, as well as other sites of cave architecture in Cappadocia
( more pictures )	St Kilda ( location )	1986 2004	387	United Kingdom	isolated volcanic archipelago northwest of Scotland with the main island of Hirta , uninhabited since 1930, breeding area for many seabirds with evidence of 2000 years of human settlement, including over 1000 stone huts called Cleit .
( more pictures )	Tai Shan ( location )	1987	437	China
( more pictures )	Uluṟu Kata Tjuṯa National Park ( location )	1987 1994	447	Australia	1326 square kilometers area in the vicinity of the rocks Uluṟu (Ayers Rock) and Kata Tjuṯa (Mount Olga). In 1987 it was included in the World Heritage Site, and in 1994 it was added to the World Heritage Site due to the importance of the area for the Anangu culture.
( more pictures )	Mount Athos ( location )	1988	454	Greece	Orthodox monastic republic on the Chalkidikí peninsula with 20 large monasteries in a mountain landscape
( more pictures )	Meteora ( location )	1988	455	Greece	Complex of 24 monasteries and hermitages, which were built on high sandstone cliffs
( more pictures )	Hierapolis-Pamukkale ( location )	1988	485	Turkey	Archaeological site of the ancient Greek city of Hierapolis , which was famous for its thermal springs, together with the white limestone terraces of Pamukkale below the city, formed by the thermal water
( more pictures )	Bandiagara Rocks ( location )	1989	516	Mali
( more pictures )	Tongariro National Park ( location )	1990	421	New Zealand	New Zealand's oldest national park with the active volcanoes Tongariro (1968 m), Ngauruhoe (2291 m) and Ruapehu (2797 m) and several places of worship of the Māori who venerate the volcanoes as sacred.
( more pictures )	Huang Shan ( location )	1990	547	China
( more pictures )	Río Abiseo National Park ( location )	1990	548	Peru	National park founded in 1983 to protect the cloud forests and unique flora and fauna in the San Martín region in the area of ​​the Río Abiseo and its tributaries Río Montecristo and Río Tumac with 36 pre-Columbian sites, including Gran Pajatén .
( more pictures )	Arctic cultural landscape of Lapland ( location )	1996	774	Sweden	includes national parks and nature reserves in northern Sweden with the settlement area of ​​the Sami , who practice traditional reindeer pastoralism here .
( more pictures )	Mountain landscape of Emei Shan and Leshan Great Buddha ( location )	1996	779	China
( more pictures )	Pyrenees - Mont Perdu ( location )	1997 1999	773	France Spain	includes a section of the Pyrenees around Monte Perdido (French: Mont Perdu) due to its geological uniqueness, the beauty and diversity of nature and the traditional way of life of alpine farming, which has become rare in Europe. The French part was added to the World Heritage List in 1997, the Spanish part in 1999.
( more pictures )	Ibiza ( location )	1999	417	Spain
( more pictures )	Wuyi Mountains ( location )	1999	911	China
( more pictures )	Maloti Drakensberg Park ( location )	2000 2013	985	South Africa Lesotho	includes the Ukhahlamba-Drakensberg Park in South Africa since 2000 , expanded in 2013 to include the Sehlabathebe National Park in Lesotho important refuge for many endangered and endemic species, rich in rock paintings of the San
( more pictures )	Mayan city of Calakmul and tropical rainforests in Campeche ( location )	2002 2014	1061	Mexico	In 2002, the Maya city ​​of Calakmul in the Mexican state of Campeche was added to the World Heritage List. In 2014, the site was expanded to include the surrounding Calakmul biosphere reserve to create a mixed world heritage site
( more pictures )	Lopé-Okanda ecosystem and relic cultural landscape ( location )	2007	1147	Gabon
( more pictures )	Papahānaumokuākea ( location )	2010	1326	United States	includes the uninhabited Northwestern Hawaiian Islands , which are of great cultural importance for the Hawaiian indigenous people, as well as the surrounding sea area and offers protection for over 7000 species, some of them endemic, which are endangered or threatened with extinction.
( more pictures )	Wadi Rum ( location )	2011	1377	Jordan	the largest wadi in Jordan with striking rock formations and prehistoric rock carvings
( more pictures )	South lagoon of the Chelbacheb Islands ( location )	2012	1386	Palau	Large lagoon bordered by a dense coral reef south of Palau's main island Babeldaob with the Chelbacheb Islands (Rock Islands), large habitat diversity with numerous marine lakes and evidence of human habitation over 3000 years up to the 18th century
( more pictures )	Landscape complex Tràng An ( location )	2014	1438	Vietnam	Landscape complex of numerous karst mountains and valleys in a water landscape with partially flooded caves in which traces of human settlement from a continuous period of more than 30,000 years have been found.
( more pictures )	Blue and John Crow Mountains ( location )	2015	1356	Jamaica
( more pictures )	Natural and cultural landscape of the Ennedi massif ( location )	2016	1475	Chad	Sandstone massif in the Sahara with deeply cut valleys, in which water collects and vegetation thrives, as well as thousands of rock paintings
	Marshland (al-Ahwar) in southern Iraq: protected area of ​​biodiversity and relic landscape of Mesopotamian cities ( location )	2016	1481	Iraq
( more pictures )	Kangchenjunga National Park ( location )	2016	1513	India
( more pictures )	Chiribiquete National Park - “The Maloca des Jaguars” ( location )	2018	1174	Colombia
( more pictures )	Pimachiowin Aki ( location )	2018	1415	Canada	includes the land of four First Nations of the people of the Anishinabe and adjacent protected areas, including the Atikaki Provincial Wilderness Park in Manitoba and the Woodland Caribou Provincial Park and the Eagle-Snowshoe Conservation Reserve in Ontario
( more pictures )	Tehuacán-Cuicatlán ( location )	2018	1534	Mexico
	Paraty and Ilha Grande - Culture and Biodiversity ( location )	2019	1308	Brazil	includes the old town of Paraty , one of the best-preserved coastal cities in Brazil, with the mountain on which the original village is said to have been located, and four nature reserves of the Atlantic rainforest along the coast and on the neighboring Ilha Grande .

Web links

Commons : Mixed World Heritage Sites  - collection of images, videos and audio files

• World Heritage List - Mixed. In: whc.unesco.org. UNESCO World Heritage Center(English). 

Individual evidence

1. ^ World Heritage List - Mixed. In: whc.unesco.org. UNESCO World Heritage Center, accessed August 8, 2020 . 
2. ↑ Guidelines for the Implementation of the Convention for the Protection of the World Cultural and Natural Heritage . 8 July 2015, II.A definition of the term "World Heritage", p. 17 , para. 46 ( unesco.de [PDF; 3.9 MB ]).
3. ^ The Criteria for Selection. In: whc.unesco.org. UNESCO World Heritage Center, accessed August 8, 2020 . 

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