Mainz-Weisenau
  district of Mainz |
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| Coordinates | 49 ° 58 ′ 58 " N , 8 ° 18 ′ 11" E | ||||||||||||||||||
| height | 85 m above sea level NN | ||||||||||||||||||
| surface | 4.056 km² | ||||||||||||||||||
| Residents | 12,872 (Dec. 31, 2019) | ||||||||||||||||||
| Population density | 3174 inhabitants / km² | ||||||||||||||||||
| Proportion of foreigners | 22.9% (Dec. 31, 2019) | ||||||||||||||||||
| Incorporation | Jan. 1, 1930 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Post Code | 55130 | ||||||||||||||||||
| prefix | 06131 | ||||||||||||||||||
Administration address |
Tanzplatz 3 55130 Mainz |
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| Website | www.mainz.de | ||||||||||||||||||
| politics | |||||||||||||||||||
| Mayor | Ralf Kehrein ( SPD ) | ||||||||||||||||||
| Allocation of seats (local advisory board) | |||||||||||||||||||
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| Transport links | |||||||||||||||||||
| bus | MVG Mainz lines 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 90, 92, 93 | ||||||||||||||||||
Weisenau is a district of the Rhineland-Palatinate state capital Mainz .
It has about 13,000 inhabitants. The history of the district, which was incorporated in 1930, goes back to the 6th millennium BC. BC back. Weisenau was an important military and craft location at the gates of the Roman Mogontiacum, especially in Roman times . After the Second World War , various large companies, today only represented there to a small extent, settled in Mainz-Weisenau, including IBM .
Neighboring districts and municipalities
The following municipalities or districts of Mainz border Weisenau in a clockwise direction:
in the north to a small part Mainz-Altstadt , in the east across the Rhine Ginsheim-Gustavsburg , in the south Mainz-Laubenheim , in the south-west Mainz-Hechtsheim and in the north-west Mainz-Oberstadt .
history
In Weisenau there was a Roman military camp with auxiliary troops (auxiliary camp) for the legion camp on the Kästrich (from Latin castrum = camp) in Mainz. The military in Mainz ( Mogontiacum ) was supplied with a water pipe coming from Finthen , while Weisenau drew the water from natural springs and streams. For a short time, the Weisenau camp was also occupied by at least one legion. The auxiliary camp was abandoned at the end of the 1st century AD, leaving behind the Celtic population, who had a settlement there before the Roman occupation, and Roman artisans, especially potters, who ran several potteries there on an almost industrial scale. After the collapse of the Limes, Mainz and thus Weisenau became the front line again. Mainz was and was fortified, Weisenau was and remained a small Romanized Celtic settlement outside of Mainz.
Many finds - especially Roman and Celtic graves and burial grounds, tombstones with inscriptions, Roman pottery, Roman coins and vessels - show that the Romanized Celtic population and Roman officials, farmers in their villae rusticae and also other civilians here until the end of the Roman occupation lived. Then the unpaved Weisenau at the gates of the city of Mainz seems to have been given up because of the many robberies from the right bank of the Rhine, because the archaeologists are only finding material from the early Franconian period again.
On the site of an old Roman sanctuary, the St. Victor Abbey was founded around the year 1000 and is likely to have been the nucleus for the re-emerging village of Weisenau.
Local foundation
Weisenau was mentioned in a document in the 12th century as "Wizenowe". The earliest mention comes from a certificate of justification of the Archbishop of Mainz Konrad von Wittelsbach , which can only be dated to the period between 1186 and 1190 (life data of the mentioned witnesses) and then from a certificate of Heinrich VI., Which was signed in 1192: Dat Wizenowe iuxta Moguntia - given at Wizenowe near Mainz. The medieval name Wizenowe can be derived from the Latin vicus novus ("new settlement") rather than from an interpretation of the modern name Weisenau as "white / light floodplain". The current name then emerged from various forms of name (including Wissenowe).
The original Celtic / Roman settlement was in and on the edge of the quarry and extended to today's bike path. The potteries with the attached settlement from the 3rd and 4th centuries were more in the area of today's Göttelmannstraße / Am Viktorstift, so both high on the plain above the Rhine. The settlement mentioned in a document in 1192 was, however, directly on the Rhine - so that would be a third location. A village slowly grew up there, the inhabitants of which either lived as fishermen, boatmen, pilots, fergers (= ferry boatmen) directly from and with the Rhine, or as farmers and vintners who cultivated the land above the village.
At the time it was first mentioned in a document, Weisenau was divided among at least three lords: one part, together with the Victorstift, belonged to the Archbishop of Mainz, another part was "Mundätisch", ie. that is, it belonged to the Mundat (= immunity district ) of the Victorstift itself. The third part was in the possession of the ministerial authorities. Von Meingot, city treasurer of Mainz, through his brother Dudo von Weisenau , came into the possession of those of Bolanden and their families. Weisenau Castle also dates from the time of the Dudo and was probably located in the area of today's Burgstrasse near the Catholic Church. Remains of the castle have not been found to this day. The now known as Castle Weisenau known vaulted cellar in the Mönchstraße 13 host an event Keller, who uses the traditional name on; These vaulted cellars are the wine and ice cellars of a sparkling wine cellar of the same name, which are much more recent than that of Weisenau Castle.
Weisenau since the 20th century
At the end of the 19th century, the evangelical community built its church.
The Catholic parish church of the Assumption was completed in 1912–1913 with a neo-classical western building and tower according to plans by Ludwig Becker .
On January 1, 1930, Weisenau was incorporated into Mainz.
Weisenau was attacked by American bombers on October 19, 1944 and by British bombers on February 1 and 27, 1945 . A total of 300–600 people died. The destination in Weisenau was the MAN systems in the quarry, in which forced laborers had to manufacture parts for the V1 and V2. On February 27, 1945, the target of the last devastating attack was actually Mainz, but a bomber squadron was misdirected due to strong westerly winds and the deadly cargo fell over Weisenau. Weisenau was half destroyed and many houses were badly damaged.
After the war the place was rebuilt. In 1965, IBM founded a location in Mainz-Weisenau; this was given up in 2016, which resulted in the loss of around 1,000 jobs. In autumn 2017, the city of Mainz began building a new residential area on the former IBM site.
The blasting in the Weisenau cement works was criticized by the population after the 1970s . At the end of the 1980s, they had to be discontinued because damage occurred in the area. The dismantling was only done by huge machines. The cement plant has now completely stopped dismantling.
Since Weisenau is in the approach path of Frankfurt Airport , the residents have been fighting against the expansion of the airport on the part of Mainz since the planning approval procedure in 2002.
On November 26, 2014, a 1000-pound bomb from the Second World War was found during construction work in the Fort Weisenau area (at number 24) . As a result, the largest evacuation operation in post-war Mainz history was carried out on Sunday, November 30, 2014 to defuse the explosive device. Around 8,000 residents were asked to leave their homes within a kilometer of where the bomb was found. Affected were u. a. also the Favorite Park Hotel, a retirement home at the Volkspark and the Mainz youth hostel.
politics
Local advisory board and mayor
The local council elected in 2019 represents the interests of the local district towards the city of Mainz and consists of 13 members. The strongest parliamentary group is the SPD with four seats (see info box for details).
Ralf Kehrein (SPD), who was re-elected for a five-year term in the runoff election on June 16, 2019, has been the local mayor and chairman of the local advisory council of Weisenau since 2009.
State politics
Mainz-Weisenau is part of the Mainz I constituency . In the state elections in 2016 , Johannes Klomann (SPD) won the direct mandate here. Other MPs from this constituency are Gerd Schreiner (CDU), Cornelia Willius-Senzer (FDP), Daniel Köbler (GREEN) and Damian Lohr (AfD).
coat of arms
On a silver field a blue cross, three-pointed at the bottom, between a small red cross on the left and a red wheel corresponding in size to this cross on the right.
The representation refers to the landlords at that time. The large blue cross in the middle stands as a symbol for the Weisenauer Kreuz (Bockenkreuz) in the Bürgerfeld (district of the city of Mainz) and thus for the area of the city, the small cross for the area of the St. Victor monastery and the small red Mainz wheel for the share of the archbishopric.
The coat of arms appears for the first time with Gottfried Mascop in 1577 without evidence and has been used since then. Earlier official seals show the evangelist Mark with the lion.
Religions
Monasteries and monasteries lay between Mainz and the village; towards Hechtsheim the pen "was Santa Maria in Campi " because of his grace Cross also "Holy Cross" called. During the Reformation the secular part of Weisenau was either Reformed or Lutheran. The Catholic parish today makes up about half of the entire parish.
Today the Protestant community has around a third of the population.
In addition to the two Christian communities, there used to be a strong Jewish community in Weisenau , most of whose members have now migrated to Mainz. The well-known Rabbi Isaak Bernays comes from here . The Weisenau synagogue in Wormser Strasse was inaugurated on May 27, 1996 by Rabbi Leo Trepp , but is otherwise no longer used for ritual purposes.
The King's Hall of Jehovah's Witnesses was built in Mönchstrasse, where they regularly offer church services, especially for foreign followers.
Until a few years ago the New Apostolic Congregation had a meeting room on Elisabethenstrasse.
The Evangelical Free Church Congregation Christian Center DER FELS Mainz (in the Bund Freikirchlicher Pfingstgemeinden (BFP)) has its community center in Weberstrasse .
Großberg settlement
The Großbergsiedlung was founded on July 6, 1932 on the southern edge of Weisenau as a Reichsheimstätte . From the mid-1920s to the late 1930s there was great unemployment and, at the same time, great housing shortages. The Mainz city council negotiated how to counter the housing shortage. The decision was finally made to build a small settlement on the Am Großberg site . The Deutsche Bau- und Bodenbank was the sponsor for the Am Großberg settlement . After the announcement in the press, 60 interested parties got in touch and could start work soon after.
In mid-July 1932, the applicants were called to the construction site and each individual was assigned to work. Some settlers were sent to Mainz to demolish military buildings in order to procure building materials. Since there were no access roads, the settlers had a hard time getting building materials. At the highest point of the planned settlement, on the old Hechtsheimer Strasse, a piece of land was leased, where the building material was stored. From there the same was transported to the construction site by trolley . Trolleys and rails had to be borrowed from a brick factory. Since all of the settlers were recipients of support, the city council at the time agreed to have a warm lunch from the people's kitchen in Mainz free of charge. All work on the construction site was carried out without construction machinery.
The houses on Hechtsheimer Höhe were ready for occupancy by the end of 1933 . The houses were then raffled by number. The city of Mainz provided a truck for the move. In 1934, the completed houses on Großberg were rented to the settlers.
The settlement was badly hit during World War II. Almost every home was damaged. Some settlers had to rebuild from scratch, others had to repair major property damage in and on the houses. The settlers found it difficult to get coupons for materials. The local mayor at the time, Max Hufschmidt, and his local advisory board member, Alexander Diehl , were generous in helping the settlers.
On May 20, 1953, the transfer of ownership to the settlers was carried out by the magistrate Georg Schöffel and the notary Stofft, both from Mainz.
Development of the name
Probably the oldest mention (in Latin form) appears in two dedication stones that are now kept in the Landesmuseum Mainz . The inscription on the first stone ( CIL 13, 06722) mentions VICI NOVI, as does the second inscription (CIL 13, 06776). This VICI NOVI is probably the Latin preform of WIZENOWE.
Only at the end of the 12th century do documents appear that mention Wizenowe in writing. Over the centuries the name changed from Wizenowe (1190) to Wiisenauwia (1250), Wisenau (1260), Wizenouwe (1281) and Wiszenowa (1300), Wizenauwe (1360), and other forms such as Wizenawe, Wizenhaue, Wizenauwe, Wysinawe , Wysßenauwe, finally Weissenau to today's common Weisenau.
societies
- 1. Model building club Mainz
- Athletes Club 1904/20 Mainz-Weisenau
- Carneval Club Weisenau "Burggrafengarde"
- Weisenau volunteer fire department
- Association for the "preservation of historical fire engines" Mainz eV
- Choral Society "Unity"
- Choral Association "Liedertafel"
- History and tradition association
- Handball club Mainz-Weisenau
- "Wanderlust" cycling club
- Settler community on the Großberg
- Skipper Club
- SV Weisenau : football
- Gymnastics Club 1846 Mainz-Weisenau
- Folk and mountain costume association Edelweiss Mainz-Weisenau
- Water lovers Weisenau
- Weisenau rowing club 1913
traffic
Road traffic
Weisenau can be reached via the A 60 (AS Laubenheim, Weisenau and in future Hechtsheim Ost ). From the city center, the district can be reached via Wormser Strasse , Göttelmannstrasse , Hechtsheimer Strasse and Heiligkreuzweg . In addition, several MVG bus routes run in the direction of the city center in Weisenau (see info box for details). Depending on the line, the city center can be reached in 15-25 minutes.
By car it is about 15-20 minutes to the Hechtsheimer Messe, 5-10 minutes to Mainz city center and 30 minutes to Frankfurt Airport.
Rail transport
Weisenau had with the Mainz-Weisenau train station since 1853 a stop on the Mainz – Ludwigshafen railway line . In 1899 an electrical, automatic section block was installed here, in 1900 it received two switch and signal boxes. On January 1, 1931, he was given the name Mainz-Weisenau . The breakpoint was closed around 1995 and the station building was torn down. Today only remnants of the former platform exist. The Mainz-Weisenau freight yard , 1.6 km south, is still in operation.
Today the next train stations for passenger traffic in the north are the Mainz Römisches Theater station and in the south the stop in Mainz-Laubenheim .
Buildings
- Evangelical Church (Hopfengartenstrasse, corner of August-Herber-Strasse) since 1896
- Chapel at the New Cemetery (Heiligkreuzweg, corner of Portlandstrasse)
- Catholic Church
- Weisenau synagogue
- St. Viktor Abbey in front of Mainz from around 1000 to 1552 (destroyed by Alkibiades)
- Wormser Straße 15 (building from the 17th and 18th centuries)
- Cenotaph in the old cemetery (inaugurated in 1926)
- Hotel Quartier 65 was on the exclusive list of the 100 best design hotels in Europe
- Cylindrical water play facility, Weisenau retirement home Laubenheimer Strasse / Paul Gerhardt-Weg; Karl-Christian Heuser , listed in May 1977,
Important Weisenauer or those who worked in Weisenau
- Peter Lautzas (* 1941), historian and history educator
- Alois Plum (* 1935), glass artist in the church environment
- Heinrich Rohr (1902–1997), Catholic church musician and composer
- Karl Külb (1870–1943), Mayor of Mainz
- Johann Labonté (1866–1945), an architect who worked in Switzerland and who is considered the most important representative of Art Nouveau in the St. Gallen Rhine Valley
- Arnold von Jungsfeld (1810–1893), Hessian judge and member of parliament
- Karl Klein (1806–1870), Mainz historian and local writer
- Isaak Bernays (1792–1849), rabbi, is considered to be one of the pioneers of modern Jewish orthodoxy
- Franz Gedult von Jungsfeld (1778–1840), the first mayor of Mainz after the French occupation under Napoleon I.
literature
- Claus Wolff: The districts of Mainz. Emons Verlag, Cologne 2004, ISBN 3-89705-361-6
Web links
- Information from the city of Mainz on the Weisenau district
- Private website of the Weisenau district
Individual evidence
- ↑ Residents in Mainz by district on December 31, 2019 - mainz.de (PDF).
- ↑ www.burg-weiseau.de/
- ↑ Computer group IBM will definitely leave its Mainz-Weisenau location in 2016 - more than 1,000 jobs affected. Allgemeine Zeitung Mainz , November 20, 2015, accessed on January 28, 2018 .
- ^ Heiligkreuz area in Mainz: supermarket and 242 apartments instead of old IBM halls. Allgemeine Zeitung Mainz, August 1, 2017, accessed on January 28, 2018 .
- ↑ Press release November 27, 2014 Bomb found in Mainz-Weisenau: Disarming on Sunday, November 30, 2014 at around 12 p.m. ( Memento from December 29, 2014 in the Internet Archive ). Website of the state capital Mainz. Retrieved December 29, 2014.
- ↑ Information on the Weisenau local advisory board on the website of the city of Mainz
- ↑ Local council election 2019 - Mainz.de. PDF. 7.0 GB. Retrieved July 22, 2019
- ↑ Presentation of Ralf Kehrein on the website of the SPD Mainz-Weisenau
- ↑ Result of the runoff election 2019 Weisenau - Mainz.de. Retrieved July 22, 2019
- ↑ Members by constituency , website of the Rhineland-Palatinate state parliament
- ↑ Eisenbahndirektion Mainz (Ed.): Collection of the published official gazettes from July 15, 1899. Volume 3, No. 30. Announcement No. 317, p. 238.
- ↑ Eisenbahndirektion Mainz (Ed.): Collection of the published official gazettes from October 6, 1900. Volume 4, No. 46. Announcement No. 430, p. 315.
- ^ Deutsche Reichsbahn-Gesellschaft (Ed.): Official Gazette of the Reichsbahndirektion in Mainz of October 25, 1930, No. 51. Announcement No. 712, p. 325.
- ↑ QUARTIER 65 ( Memento of the original from June 5, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
Old town | Bretzenheim | Drais | Ebersheim | Finthen | Gonsenheim | Hartenberg-Münchfeld | Hechtsheim | Laubenheim | Lerchenberg | Marienborn | Mombach | Neustadt | Upper Town | Weisenau