Manoel Urbano

Município de Manoel Urbano Manoel Urbano
Panorama over Manoel Urbano
Manoel Urbano
Coordinates	8 ° 50 ′  S , 69 ° 16 ′  W Coordinates: 8 ° 50 ′  S , 69 ° 16 ′  W
Location of Manoel Urbano in the state of Acre
founding	March 1, 1963
Basic data
Country	Brazil
State	acre
Região intermediária	Rio Branco (since 2017)
Região imediata	Sena Madureira (since 2017)
Mesoregion	Vale do Acre (1989-2017)
Microregion	Sena Madureira (1989-2017)
height	185 m
Waters	Rio Purus
climate	tropical, Am
surface	10,633.1 km²
Residents	7981 (2010)
density	0.8  Ew. / km²
estimate	9459 Ew. (July 1, 2019)
Parish code	IBGE : 1200344
Time zone	UTC -5
Website	manoelurbano.ac (Brazilian Portuguese)
politics
City Prefect	José Altanízio Taumaturgo Sá (2017–2020)
Political party	PMDB
Culture
Patron saint	Nossa Senhora da Penha de França
economy
GDP	116,700  thousand R $ 13,505  R $ per capita (2015)
HDI	0.551 (2010)

Manoel Urbano , officially Município de Manoel Urbano , also Manuel Urbano , is a small Brazilian town in the center of the state of Acre .

According to the 2010 census, the community had 7,981 inhabitants who are called Manoel-Urbanenser or “Murbanenser” for short. According to the IBGE's estimate on July 1, 2019, the population was 9,459 Ew. increasingly appreciated. In terms of population, it ranks 19th among the 22 municípios of Acre, with an area of ​​around 10,633 km² it is the fourth largest territory. The population density is a low 0.8 people per km².

Geography and hydrography

Manoel Urbano is at an altitude of 185 meters above sea level. The climate is hot and humid from the tropical type on the climate classification by Köppen and Geiger . It is located in the Amazon rainforest . The area is bordered by the state of Amazonas to the north, the municipality of Sena Madureira to the south and east , the municipality of Santa Rosa do Purus to the west, the municipality of Feijó to the northwest and Peru to the southwest .

From Peru the Rio Purus enters the area of ​​Manuel Urbano and flows in a north-easterly direction through Acre and the state of Amazonas, where it flows in a very strongly meandering river course and with only little gradient into the great Amazon. The Rio Purus is navigable for most of its length, over the Rio Acre to Bolivia .

History and origin of name

Until the middle of the 19th century there was no intention of settling the area. Natural rubber aroused economic interests , the economic policy of the Brazilian Empire was directed towards the export of coffee and prohibited exploration of the areas in the far west. So was z. For example, the Rio Acre with its tributaries and tributaries was not recorded in the Atlas do Império do Brasil (1860) by Cândido Mendes de Almeida (1818–1881), which was recognized at the time ; the area was unknown to geographers. The Bandeirantes roaming the country did not know whether they were in Brazilian, Peruvian or Bolivian territory. From around 1850 onwards, several expeditions had set out in the area, including in 1852 João Rodrigues Cametá to the Rio Purus and the mulatto Manuel Urbano da Encarnação from the Amazonian Manacapurú, who knew the region, in 1861 over the Rio Acre to the Rio Xapuri , which is why he did the reputation of an explorer clung to it, even as "Discoverer Acres". João da Cunha Correia reached the Rio Tarauacá in 1858 , with the journeys mostly moving on Bolivian territory.

At the end of the 19th century, the brothers João and Zé Moaco had built the rubber collecting point (Seringal) Colocação Tabocal on the Rio Purus . The supply ship Castelo , known among residents, operated on the Rio Purus , after which the district distrito de Castelo was named. This district, in which the core settlement was located, was subordinate to the city of Sena Madureira . The place was elevated to Vila Manoel Urbanbo in 1936 in honor of the discoverer, and in 1950 the Manoel Urbano district was created. It was not until March 1, 1963, when it was outsourced from the administrative area of ​​Sena Madureira, that the town received the right to self-government as a municipality under the name Município Manoel Urbano .

Territories of the Indians

The reserve Terra Indígena do Alto Purus is now home of the isolated peoples belonging Kulinas and Kaxinawás or Huni Kuin. The area, originally intended for the Kulina, comprises 13% of the 10,633 km² municipal area. A considerable part of it is located in the Parque Estadual do Chandless, which was created in 2004 . The forest villages (aldeias) are scattered along the rivers Rio Purus and its tributaries, Rio Tarauacá, Rio Jordão , Rio Breu , Rio Muru , Rio Envira and Rio Humaitá .

City administration

After the local elections in 2016, José Altanízio Taumaturgo Sá (Tanizo Sá) from the Partido do Movimento Democrático Brasileiro (PMDB) won the municipal elections in 2016 , who prevailed over his predecessor Ale Araújo with 2,167 votes. The legislature lies with the Câmara Municipal, the city council.

With the two cities of Sena Madureira and Santa Rosa do Purus, it forms the Sena Madureira microregion , which in turn forms the Vale do Acre mesoregion with the Brasiléia and Rio Branco microregions . These regions serve geographical, statistical and planning purposes.

List of city prefects

No.	prefect	Political party	Start of office	End of office	Remarks
1	Pelegrino Maia		1976	1976	appointed
2	Admilson Mendes de Araújo		1976	1978	appointed; Resignation
3	José Ribeiro Dantas		1978	1978	2 months, appointed on an interim basis
4th	Sebastião Ferreira Lima		1978	1979	appointed
5	Admilson Mendes de Araújo		1980	1983	appointed
6th	Francisco Pereira Filho		1984	December 31, 1985	appointed
7th	Antônio do Nascimento Martins	PMDB	January 1, 1986	December 31, 1988	elected
8th	Manoel da Silva Almeida	PMDB	January 1, 1989	December 31, 1992	elected
9	Admilson Mendes de Araújo	PDS	January 1, 1993	December 31, 1996	elected
10	Jorge Almeida da Silva	PT	January 1, 1997	December 31, 2000	elected
			January 1, 2001	December 31, 2004	elected
11	Manoel da Silva Almeida	PSDC	January 1, 2005	December 31, 2008	elected
		PP	January 1, 2009	August 19, 2010	re-elected; Resignation
-	Francisco Sebastião Mendes	PP	August 20, 2010	December 31, 2012	Elected Deputy Prefect, assumption of office
12	Ale Anute Silva, (Ale Araújo)	DEM	January 1, 2013	December 31, 2016	elected
13	José Altanízio Taumaturgo Sá (Tanizo Sá)	PMDB	January 1, 2017	officiating	elected

Population development

Source IBGE (figure for 2019 is only an estimate)

Infrastructure

The main arteries are the rivers. The diagonal federal highway BR-364 connects west with Peru , east with the capital Rio Branco, 244 km away . The place has a regional airport, the Manoel Urbano Airport (ICAO code: SSPX).

education

The illiteracy rate in 1991 was 72.3%, which had already fallen to 39.8% in the 2010 census.

Illiteracy rate
year				percent
1991			72.3
2000			54.3
2010			39.8

City personalities

• Iolanda Fleming (* 1936), politician and former governor of the state of Acres
• Omar Sabino de Paula (1932–2011), politician and former lieutenant governor

literature

• Rogério Cavalcante: Manoel Urbano. Ontem e hoje. Editora do autor, Rio Branco 2014.
• Eduardo de Araújo Carneiro: Amazônia, Limites e Fronteiras (Brasil, Bolívia e Peru). Uma história revisada da nacionalização do Acre. EAC Editor, Rio Branco 2016, ISBN 978-85-919549-6-4 .
• J. Brandão Castelo Branco: Descobrimento das terras da região acreana . Departamento da Imprensa Nacional, Rio de Janeiro 1950.
• Governo do Estado do Acre: Acre em números 2017. SEPLAN, Rio Branco 2017 ( online ).

Web links

Commons : Manoel Urbano  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

• City Prefecture website (Brazilian Portuguese)

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Climate Manoel Urbano: Weather, average temperature, weather forecast for Manoel Urbano. In: climate-data.org. de.climate-data.org, accessed on October 6, 2018 . 
2. ↑ New recommended spelling of toponyms according to the spelling reform of 1990.
3. ↑ ^{a b} IBGE : Cidades @ Acre: Manoel Urbano. Retrieved September 9, 2019 (Brazilian Portuguese). 
4. ↑ IBGE: Cidades @ Acre: Manoel Urbano - História. Retrieved October 6, 2018 (Brazilian Portuguese).
5. ↑ Kulina on the website Povos Indígenas no Brasil , Instituto Socioambiental . Retrieved January 5, 2017.
6. ↑ Instituto Socioambiental: Huni Kuin (Kaxinawá) on the website Povos Indígenas no Brasil , Instituto Socioambiental. Retrieved January 5, 2017.
7. ↑ Posse do Prefeito Eleito 2017 - Candidatos a Prefeito 2016 - MANOEL URBANO AC. ( Memento of the original from January 5, 2017 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved January 5, 2017 (Portuguese). 
8. ↑ IBGE : Cidades @ Acre: Manoel Urbano - Panorama. Retrieved September 9, 2019 (Brazilian Portuguese).
9. ^ Atlas do Desenvolvimento Humano do Brasil: Manoel Urbano AC. Retrieved January 5, 2017 (Portuguese).