Assumption of the Virgin Mary (prices mountain)
The Roman Catholic branch church of the Assumption of Mary in pricesberg , a district of the municipality of Kumhausen in the Lower Bavarian district of Landshut , is a late Romanesque choir tower church from the early 13th century, which was expanded to the west in the 15th century in the late Gothic style. In 1788 there was a gentle redesign in the baroque style . Assumption of Mary, a branch church of the parish of St. Petrus in Grammelkam , is registered as a monument with the number D-2-74-146-17 at the Bavarian State Office for Monument Preservation .
history
While the village of Preisberg was mentioned for the first time in 842 , a church has been documented since around 1000 during the term of office of Bishop Gottschalk von Freising . However, today's church has a previous building at the same location, which was probably built at the time of Christianization or of St. Korbinian , the founder of the Diocese of Freising . In addition, in the Middle Ages, Preisberg is said to have been the parish seat before it was transferred to Grammelkam. Numerous priestly graves and the celebration of numerous church festivals testify to this to this day .
Today's church building was essentially built in the early 13th century. The massive choir tower is a special feature: During excavations of the old Landshut Martinskirche , it was found that both towers are unusually similar. So it is possible that the same discerning builders were active in Preisberg as in the previous building of today's Martinskirche. This is also indicated by the elaborate design of the tower.
The western third of the nave goes back to a 15th century extension in the late Gothic style. The choir vault , the choir arch and the southern portal with vestibule were also built at that time . In 1788 the church furnishings were redesigned in Baroque style. In the course of this work, the window openings were also enlarged. After the baroque furnishings were found to be poorly preserved and of poor quality in an expert report from 1895, they were replaced only one year later by a uniformly neo-Gothic furnishings.
architecture
The essentially Romanesque building still shows the simple shape of the village churches of that time . On a rectangular nave , a moderate is on the east tower on a square floor plan attached, which in the ground floor of the chancel contains. While the other windows have been changed to Baroque style, a Romanesque arched window with a bevelled reveal has been preserved on the east side of the choir . This is slightly drawn in opposite the nave. A younger sacristy is attached to the tower to the north . While the late Gothic south portal has been closed today and the associated vestibule contains the war memorial , the interior of the church can only be reached via the much newer west portal, also with a small vestibule. Here the nave has retained the original flat ceiling , while the choir received a ribbed vault without keystones in the late Gothic period . The pear-shaped ribs arise from two profiled pointed consoles and two head consoles. The transition between the two structures is mediated by a late Gothic, pointed choir arch. This is profiled on both sides with a fillet between two chamfers.
While the saddle-roofed nave is quite plain on the outside, the massive, richly decorated tower claims the main interest of the beholder. The floor plan is eye-catching. The bottom floor, which contains the choir, is bordered at the top by a graceful, stilted cross-arch frieze . Above it is a so-called German band. The remaining floors, which get smaller towards the top, are each closed by a round arch frieze on corner pilaster strips and the German band. The formation of the friezes becomes more and more simple towards the top. There are simple slits of light on the second and third floors, and two arched sound openings on each side on the top floor . A gable roof rises above it, flanked by two modernly modified triangular gables . The eastern gable contains a round window with a rose window . As a photograph from the beginning of the 20th century shows, there were crenellated gables in their place , which were only renewed at the end of the 19th century. With regard to the tower, there is another special feature: During archaeological excavations it was found that it bears a strong resemblance to the tower of the previous church of today's Martinskirche in Landshut.
Dimensions
Based on the dimensions , it can be seen that the Assumption of the Virgin Mary in preisberg is a small Romanesque fortified church :
- Longhouse: 13.50 × 6.30 meters
- Choir: 4.05 × 4.20 meters
- Wall thickness: approx. 1.20 meters
Furnishing
The neo-Gothic furnishings were created in 1896 by carpenter Hirschauer and painter Schlemmer from Landshut. It essentially comprises three elaborately designed carved altars with numerous pinnacles , each containing three figures. An original Gothic statue of Mary from around 1480 can be seen in the high altar . She carries a scepter in her right hand , and in her left the Child Jesus, which was added in the 19th century . This composition is flanked by the figures of John the Baptist and Saint Barbara . The left side altar contains figures of St. Aloisius , the Mater Dolorosa and St. Isidore . On the right side altar are Saint Sebastian , Saint Catherine and Holy Mother Anna with Mary.
The two side altars were removed from the church in the middle of the 20th century, but were re-erected during renovations in the 1980s. The pulpit , also neo-Gothic, was lost. For the work mentioned, a folk altar and an ambo were also made from parts of the communion bench that were still preserved . The relief of a crucifixion group with Mary and the "favorite disciple" John from the 14th century is embedded in the choir wall. There is a figure of St. Michael above the choir arch . The side wall of the nave is adorned with a large crucifix .
organ
The organ was created around 1840 by Joseph Schweinacher from Landshut and restored in 1985 by Ekkehard Simon from Landshut. The slider chest instrument with mechanical performance and register action comprises six registers on a manual and a firmly coupled pedal . The disposition is as follows:
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Bells
The belfry on the fourth floor of the tower was renovated in 1985 and contains four bells that are hung in pairs on top of each other. The oldest is from around 1400; the others from the years 1683, 1950 and 1962. The two older bells were confiscated for war purposes in January 1942 , but could be brought back to preisberg undamaged after the war.
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c d e f g h Franz Attenkofer, Erich Stahleder: The Filialkirche Mariä Himmelfahrt in prices mountain . Online at www.erzbistum-muenchen.de ; accessed on May 1, 2019.
- ↑ a b c d e f g Anton Eckardt (Ed.): Art monuments of the Kingdom of Bavaria - District Office Landshut. Oldenbourg, Munich 1914, pp. 192-194 ( digitized version ).
- ↑ Bavarian organ database online .
Coordinates: 48 ° 29 ′ 42.8 " N , 12 ° 8 ′ 48.2" E