Mater Dolorosa (Mirskofen)
The Roman Catholic parish church Mater Dolorosa in Mirskofen , a district of the market town of Essenbach in the Lower Bavarian district of Landshut , is a rococo church that was built before 1770 using a late Gothic tower from the 15th century. The parish Mater Dolorosa in Mirskofen forming today along with the neighboring communities of the Assumption in Essenbach and St. Dionysius in Mette Bach a Pfarrverband .
history
At the site of today's church there was a late Gothic predecessor building built in the 15th century, from which the tower was taken over. Also in the 15th century the parish of Mirskofen was likely to have split off from the mother parish of St. Peter in Altheim . Major renovations have been handed down from 1611. The equipment of the previous building was renewed towards the end of the 17th century: In 1680 a new confessional was commissioned from the carpenter Christoph Leitäscher from Altheim , and in 1686 a new high altar with pictures by the Landshut painter Joseph Joda Ostermayr was purchased. 1726 was the chatelaine of Mirskofen, Rosina Barbara Hayl, at their expense included a new ciborium , banners, vestments and a new stalls to purchase and new altars in gold grasp .
Around 1760, but certainly before 1770, the late Gothic predecessor building of today's Rococo church had to give way; the tower and the southern nave wall (double-walled) were taken over. To the west facade that was soul chapel of the church cemetery attached.
In autumn 1891 major repairs were made to the exterior. For example, the cemetery was partially excavated and a base was added to the church building, the soul chapel and the vestibule paved, the apse covered with sheet metal and the rest of the roof covered with double-seam pockets, and new gutters installed. Another major renovation measure in 1895 goes back to a foundation of the private owner Michael Reingruber. This enabled a tower clock , new paraments and new windows to be purchased. While the then four nave windows were glazed transparently, the two choir windows were decorated with glass paintings . These show a representation of the Sacred Heart to the north and the Immaculate Heart of Mary to the south .
In 1957 the church was extended by two window axes to the west. The previous soul chapel had to give way to this extension. A new morgue was added next to the main entrance on the northwest side of the church. In 1987 a new morgue was built away from the church on newly purchased property . The old extension is now used as a vestibule for the main portal. The last renovation measure for the time being was carried out in 2002; among other things, the shell was redesigned.
description
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The nave, which was extended to the west in 1957, is joined on the east side - separated by a pressed, round choir arch - the two-bay presbytery with a semicircular apse . The late Gothic tower is leaned against the retracted choir on the south side. This has a floor structure by means of color-contrasting pointed arches and a pointed helmet over four triangular gables . A two-story sacristy is built on the north side , which opens onto an oratory on the upper floor . While the interior of the nave has a flat ceiling over a hollow , the chancel is spanned by a flat barrel cap on wall pilasters . Bordered by curved stucco frames , there are various ceiling paintings in the nave and choir. In the nave, to the east, the flight to Egypt is shown , to the west (above the organ gallery ), the representation of Jesus in the temple ; in the choir the theme is “Christ meets his weeping mother on the way of the cross ”, which corresponds to the patronage of Mater Dolorosa (memorial day: September 15).
Altars
The high altar is a compilation of baroque and rococo elements. It consists of a portal-like structure, which ends with a slightly drawn-in arch and is supported by two winding columns. There are gilded rocailles on the sides , and several putti here and in the entablature . In the portal niche there is a large painting depicting the city of Jerusalem at the time of Christ's crucifixion . Two angels clad in flowing robes soar in the clouds above . In front of it stands a large crucifix , with the upper arm of the cross bearing a representation of the Holy Spirit dove. A representation of God the Father at the top of the arch completes the Holy Trinity . At the foot of the cross there is a wooden figure of the Sorrowful Mother of God. The richly decorated tabernacle , which is crowned by a figure of the pelican as a symbol of the sacrificial death of Christ, serves as the base for the crucifix and Mater Dolorosa . The two side passages have a strongly irregular shape, typical of the Rococo style. There are wooden figures of Saints Sebastian (left) and Rochus (right) above the passages .
The rococo-style side altars, which are designed as counterparts and are set up diagonally on both sides of the choir arch, were made in 1770 by the carpenter Johann Jakob Säxinger from Pfeffenhausen . The superstructures are each supported by two round pillars. Figures of angels sit on the two entablature heads. In a central niche there is space for a figure of a saint, the excerpt bordered by volutes contains a painting by the Landshut painter Ignatius Kaufmann from around 1770. The north side altar is dedicated to St. Franz Xavier , the south to St. Joseph .
pulpit
The pulpit is attached to the north side of the choir arch . It consists of a round pulpit, which is decorated with pilasters and pictures of the four evangelists in a curved rococo frame. At the bottom of the crown-like sound cover is a relief to see the Holy Spirit dove.
Other equipment
The folk altar and the ambo are modern, but stylistically adapted to the Rococo furnishings. At the ambo there is a Holy Spirit dove in a halo. On the southern wall of the choir, opposite the oratory, there is a figure of St. John Nepomuk on a console . Next to it are two late Gothic altar wings that used to be attached to the high altar. They show painted bas-reliefs depicting the twelve apostles . Based on stylistic findings, these can be classified as works by the Landshut School; They were probably made around 1515 and are therefore the oldest pieces of equipment in the church. The baroque cheeks , which were decorated with acanthus and grooved ribbons, are also older than the church itself. They were probably built around 1715.
organ
The organ on the west gallery was built in 1991 by the organ builder Ekkehard Simon from Landshut in a prospect from around 1740. The slider chest instrument comprises a total of 18 stops on two manuals and pedal . It replaced a pneumatic cone chest instrument with only six registers that was created by the Munich organ builder Julius Zwirner in 1950. The disposition of today's organ is as follows:
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- Coupling : II / I, I / P, II / P
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c d Mater Dolorosa Church . Online at www.pfarramt-essenbach.de ; accessed on December 28, 2018.
- ↑ a b c d e Mirskofen - Mater Dolorosa . Online at kirchturm.net ; accessed on December 28, 2018.
- ↑ a b c d Anton Eckardt (Ed.): Art monuments of the Kingdom of Bavaria - District Office Landshut . Oldenbourg, Munich 1914, pp. 161f. ( Digitized version ).
- ↑ Bavarian organ database online
Coordinates: 48 ° 36 ′ 42.3 " N , 12 ° 11 ′ 32.9" E