Neumarkt an der Raab

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Neumarkt an der Raab ( village )
locality
cadastral municipality Neumarkt an der Raab
Neumarkt an der Raab (Austria)
Red pog.svg
Basic data
Pole. District , state Jennersdorf  (JE), Burgenland
Judicial district Gussing
Pole. local community Sankt Martin an der Raab
Coordinates 46 ° 55 '39 "  N , 16 ° 9' 34"  E Coordinates: 46 ° 55 '39 "  N , 16 ° 9' 34"  Ef1
height 240  m above sea level A.
Residents of the village 283 (January 1, 2020)
Building status 154 (2001)
Area  d. KG 15.48 km²
Statistical identification
Locality code 00112
Cadastral parish number 31120
Counting district / district Neumarkt an der Raab (10509 004)
Source: STAT : index of places ; BEV : GEONAM ; GIS-Bgld
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283

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Neumarkt an der Raab ( Hungarian Farkasdifalva, Slovenian Stankovci ) is a village in southern Burgenland as well as a locality and cadastral community of the market town of Sankt Martin an der Raab in Jennersdorf district , Burgenland ( Austria ).

geography

The place is located in the Raab-Örseg-Goricko Nature Park at an altitude of 245 m above the Adriatic Sea.

The total area is 1547  hectares . Of this, 850 hectares are forest, 584 hectares used for agriculture, 43 hectares of roads, 42 hectares of flowing water, 21 hectares of construction area and 4 hectares of stagnant water (as of 1998)

history

The origin of the name

In 1387 Neumarkt a. d. Raab first mentioned in a document. The Hungarian place name Farkasfalva (literally in German Wolfsdorf ) appeared in the following variants in the variants Farkasfalua , Farkafalwa , Farkasfalva and Farkasffalwa and may be traced back to the name of an owner ( Farkas ). In 1698 the place was called Naimork seu Farkafalva . In 1770 and 1773 the names Farkasdifalva , Neii Markt and Neumarckt appeared. The name Neumarkt probably comes from the fact that markets were held again in the place after its destruction during the Turkish campaigns.

Market rights award

On March 9, 1569 Neumarkt a. d. Raab was granted market rights by Emperor Maximilian II , obtained by the then owners of the Dobra / Neuhaus estate , Ladislaus Poppel- Lobkowitz and his wife Magdalena. The original document can no longer be found, but the content of the decree is recorded in the Imperial and Royal Book of Privileges ( Liber Regius , Volume III, Fol. 932). There are three annual fairs: March 12th, May 25th and September 1st. A weekly market was allowed to be held every Tuesday.

Turkish raids: Battle of Mogersdorf (1664)

Turkish raids

In the great campaigns of the Turks against Vienna (1529 and 1683) and against Güns there was no direct fighting in Neumarkt a. d. Raab. However, smaller Turkish rulers repeatedly asked for homage . So in 1644 the Neumarkters received a Turkish letter that asked them to come to the fortress Kanizsa ( Nagykanizsa in Hungary ), which had been conquered by the Turks in 1600. From here, the Turks repeatedly extorted taxes and services. They threatened looting and destruction if it wasn't paid for. The Neumarkters were asked by their ruler Ádám Batthyány to ignore this invitation to pay homage - he sent soldiers. On March 7, 1646 there was nevertheless a Turkish attack on Neumarkt ad Raab ad Raab. The attackers killed 21 residents, set fire to 25 houses and abducted 199 people, most of them women and children. Soldiers chased the Turks, but they were ambushed near the village of Németfalu and slaughtered (63 dead).

After the Turkish attack there were also attacks by underpaid imperial mercenaries against the remaining Neumarkt population. The anger of the remaining Neumarkters discharged in April 1646 at a horse market in St. Martin: When the servant of the Neuhauser castellan came by , he was slain by the crowd. The castellan also complained in a letter that he was no longer allowed to be seen among the Neumarkters. The Neumarkters also began to pay taxes to the Turks. About two months after the looting, a protective ditch was opened in Neumarkt a. d. Raab raised to hold Turkish horsemen. It was located between the Raab and the south-facing hills, but was built too close to the Mühldamm. In October 1650, half of the Mühldamm was torn away by floods. In the battle of Mogersdorf on July 31 and August 1, 1664, the Turks were devastated. Thereafter, mostly Tatar auxiliary troops roaming around made raids and raided Neumarkt a. d. Raab.

More raids

Parallel to the Turkish Wars, there were repeated revolts against the Habsburgs in western Hungary. Neumarkt a. d. To feel Raab. During the Bocskai uprising, troops also marched through the Raab Valley to fight against Emperor Rudolf II. They did great damage. On the occasion of the 2nd Turkish campaign against Vienna in 1683, Count Christoph Batthyány joined the Turks and the rebels under Emmerich Thököly . As a result, imperial troops pillaged the Neuhaus estate. Back then it made little difference whether a place remained loyal to the emperor or not, so that in the course of fighting against the Kuruzen Neumarkt a. d. Raab was attacked by imperial troops on October 3, 1704. In the balance sheet, 28 houses were burned down, the mill completely destroyed and at least two people killed. Only around the year 1750 were annual fairs held again in Neumarkt an der Raab. In 1753, however, as a result of quarrels in the ruling family von Dobra / Neuhaus, disputes between Neumarkt a. d. Raab and Unterdrosen.

First World War and the time after

In the First World War , 19 residents of Neumarkt a. d. Raab. During the peace negotiations in St. Germain in 1919 Austria became the rule of German-West Hungary and with it Neumarkt a. d. Awarded Raab. But it wasn't until November 1921 that the Austrian army and gendarmerie actually marched in. Until then, there had been repeated conflicts with Hungarian rioters. The district of Eisenberg a. d. On March 29, 1925, Raab applied to the state government for independence. However, this detachment was rejected in a local council meeting. According to the resolution of the municipal council of September 15, 1935 under Mayor Rudolf Ropposch, the following people were made honorary citizens of the municipality (see also the section on personalities):

Neumarkt an der Raab: District Eisenberg an der Raab

Second World War

"From 1944 to 1945 Jews, ethnic Germans and the local population in the post area, mainly in the municipality of Neumarkt an der Raab, had to build anti-tank ditches and trenches" (quote: Chronicle of the market town of St. Martin a. D. Raab ).

On March 31, 1945, Russian troops marched in and fought. Six auxiliary border employees (Higa) were mistaken for officers and shot in the courtyard of house No. 166. Those killed were Alois Potetz (* 1897), Alois Kirschner (* 1898), Karl Windt (* 1899), Johann Holzmann (* 1900) and Josef Pilz (* 1900). 28 houses, including the gendarmerie post with all documents, were destroyed and the village bell was lost, although it was later bought with the help of American donations. A total of 14 people from Neumarkt (11 missing) died in the Second World War .

Life on the border

With the annexation to Austria on November 25, 1921, a post was set up for the gendarmerie and customs. In the autumn of 1949, Hungarian soldiers set up wire barriers and laid mines along the state border. The border forest was felled and observation towers were set up. Due to the Hungarian uprising in 1956, this border disappeared for a short time. On November 4, 1956, more than 3000 Hungarians fled across the border from Neumarkt a. d. Raab to the west. From May 2 to July 19, 1957, Hungarian soldiers again built barbed wire barricades at the border and mined the border strip. This iron curtain only fell between the years 1989/90 . Since December 21, 2007 the border is completely open and Neumarkt a. d. Raab again has a direct connection to the 3.5 km away Hungarian neighboring Alsószölnök (dt. Unterzemming ) in circle Szentgotthárd .

Crime and Natural Disasters

  • On March 25, 1878 there was a major fire in Neumarkt a. d. Raab. Nine houses were destroyed.
  • On September 28, 1921, a Hungarian citizen killed the innkeeper Janos Borovnyak with a hoe on behalf of his wife. The perpetrator was extradited to Hungary. The stone Borovnjak cross reminds of this crime today
  • In the period from March 14 to March 15, 1947, the Raab caused floods.
  • The sawmill of mill owner Bela Reverencics burned down on October 23, 1952.
  • The Raab flooded again on May 6, September 21 and November 11, 1954 and caused great damage.

Residents

According to the census of May 15, 2001, Neumarkt an der Raab has 576 inhabitants.

Batthyany Castle.
Heimathaus Neumarkt

Culture and sights

societies

  • Ice rifle club: The ice rifle club was founded on May 19, 1968 under chairman Rudolf Holzmann. Over the years, the club has won numerous championship titles.
  • Beautification Association: The Beautification Association was founded in 1993 under chairman Josef Dax. The association's awards include the following titles: "1st district winner", "4th regional winner at the flower decoration competition" (1998, 1999), "1st regional winner" (2005) and "Most beautiful village square" (2008).

Volunteer firefighter

On March 25, 1878, children playing caused a major fire in Neumarkt a. d. Raab. Nine houses were destroyed. That is why Karl Graf Batthyany , Anton Lendl, Geza Reverencsics and Anton Gaspar decided to found the Neumarkt an der Raab volunteer fire department . In 1880 the service was started with 50 men from Neumarkt an der Raab, St. Martin an der Raab and Eisenberg. The fire station was built in 1901 and a hose tower was added in 1961 .

Mayor (until 1970)

  • Alois Pint (1922-1923)
  • Michael Perschy (1923-1926)
  • Alois Pint (1926-1927)
  • Franz Zotter (1927–1929)
  • Alois Fischer (1929-1931)
  • Alois Gmeindl (1931–1934)
  • Alois Poglitsch (1934–1935)
  • Rudolf Ropposch (1935–1938)
  • Konrad Frankl (1938-1939)
  • Alois Kern (1939-?)
  • Rudolf Ropposch (1945–1947)
  • Johann Mehlmauer (1947–1950)
  • Franz Jost (1950)
  • Franz Kern Sr. (1950–1963)
  • Karl Kröpfl (1963–1967)
  • Eduard Holzmann (1967–1970)

Personalities

Honorary citizen:

According to the resolution of the municipal council of September 15, 1935 under Mayor Rudolf Ropposch, the following people were made honorary citizens of the municipality (see also the history section : 'The First World War and the time after')

People related to the place:

  • Josef Reichl (1860–1924), local poet, grew up in Neumarkt an der Raab
  • Johannes Wanke (1923–2005), Austrian painter, lived in Neumarkt an der Raab since 1981, died there
  • Giuseppe Sinopoli (1946–2001), Italian conductor
  • Walter Schmögner (* 1943), Austrian painter, has lived in Neumarkt an der Raab since the 1980s

literature

  • Burgenland Yearbook 1995, Diocese of Eisenstadt.
  • Chronicle of the market town of St. Martin an der Raab, July 2000.
  • Market town of St. Martin / Raab, 1980.
  • Josef Hochwarter: Neumarkt ad Raab - Farkasfalva. The fate of the places south of the Raab during the time of the Turkish threat. In: Burgenland homeland sheets . Year 58, Eisenstadt 1996, pp. 24–43, PDF on ZOBODAT
  • Statistics Austria

Web links

Commons : Neumarkt an der Raab  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Hochwarter 1996, p. 35.