Oberaden
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Oberaden
City of Bergkamen
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| Height : | 52 m |
| Area : | 7.27 km² |
| Residents : | 12,124 (Dec. 31, 2017) |
| Population density : | 1,668 inhabitants / km² |
| Incorporation : | January 1, 1966 |
| Postal code : | 59192 |
| Area code : | 02306 |
  Oberaden in Bergkamen
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 City Museum (formerly a branch of the administration)
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Oberaden is a district of Bergkamen in North Rhine-Westphalia and belongs to the Unna district .
Oberaden is part of the town of Bergkamen, which was created on January 1, 1966 as a merger of five municipalities (Bergkamen, Heil, Oberaden, Rünthe and Weddinghofen).
history
Roman-Germanic roots
The archaeological relics of Drusus in 11 BC The Roman military camp ( Römerlager Oberaden ) that originated in BC are diverse and have been tracked down around the Römerberg up to the Uferkastell on the Lippe in the neighboring Lünen-Beckinghausen ( Roman camp Beckinghausen ).
Pastor Otto Prein from Methler began the excavations in 1905. His theory that the Oberaden camp was the scene of the Varus Battle as Castra Aliso was extremely popular in the Wilhelmine era, but turned out to be inaccurate (see Kalkriese discovery region ). Finds from Roman times (coins, weapons, vessels, etc.) can be found in the Bergkamen City Museum to a small extent and in the Haltern Roman Museum to a larger extent . On April 30, 2006, the archaeological trail on the site of the Oberaden Roman Camp was presented to the interested public by the Association of Friends and Supporters of the Bergkamen City Museum. The North Rhine-Westphalia Foundation for Nature Conservation, Heritage and Cultural Preservation and the archaeologist Johann-Sebastian Kühlborn from Münster were involved in the implementation, which was actively promoted by the museum director Barbara Strobel . The creation of an archaeological park started with the construction of a wood and earth wall not far from the St. Barbara Church.
From Carolingian times to industrialization
The fortified manor Aden on the Seseke was first mentioned in a document together with the Adener Mühle in 1188. The Oberaden peasantry was referred to in a document in 1373 as "burschap tho over Adene". Adene means Old Low German: settlement on a watercourse (see also Niederaden ). Oberaden was part of the county of Mark and belonged to the parish of Methler, which was first mentioned in 899 in Carolingian times . After the consecration of the Margaret Church in Methler in 1318, Count Engelbert II von der Mark transferred the patronage of this church to the Cappenberg monastery . In 1560 the parish converted to the Lutheran faith. In 1609 the county of Mark fell to the Electorate of Brandenburg . In 1772, under Frederick the Great , measures were taken to develop the economy, the land was cultivated and six southern German families were settled. Towards the end of the 18th century the village consisted of 25 farms and 37 other houses. In the Napoleonic period from 1806 to 1813, on the one hand, forced labor and servitude ceased, on the other hand, forced recruitment and tax burdens increased.
Oberaden retained its rural character into the 20th century. The railway line between Hamm and Oberhausen-Osterfeld ( Hamm-Osterfelder Bahn , the so-called "northern line"), which was mainly used for freight traffic, was built as early as 1905 ; the Datteln-Hamm Canal (Lippe-Seiten Canal) was led through the local area in 1915; but in 1925 Oberaden only had 1850 inhabitants. Many people from Oberaden worked in the mines of neighboring cities, such as B. on the Werne colliery in Werne , on the Grimberg shaft in Weddinghofen or on the Westfalia ironworks (founded in 1826) in what is now Lünen- Wethmar. The proportion of Catholics in Oberaden grew mainly due to immigration. In 1897 the Catholic Herz-Jesu-Kirche belonging to the diocese of Paderborn was consecrated in neighboring Beckinghausen.
Colliery Haus Aden
Coal mining in Oberaden itself did not begin until September 28, 1938 with the sinking of the Aden 1 and 2 shafts. The first coal was mined in 1943 - also with the help of Russian prisoners of war (see main camp VI A in Hemer ) and Polish forced laborers. In the mid-1950s, the number of employees at Zeche Haus Aden was already around 3500. Equipped with an electric hoisting machine since June 1949, hard coal production rose from 134,000 t in 1945 to 596,000 t annually in 1950. The The population rose rapidly, reaching a maximum of 13,300 in 1966 and was accompanied by the construction of housing developments (Am Römerberg, Auf den Birken, Auf den Sieben Stücken, Im Sundern, Am Castell, etc.), kindergartens and schools (elementary and secondary schools, secondary schools, special schools ), Churches and parish halls (St. Barbara Church, 1955, Martin Luther Church, built in 1957 next to the so-called "small white church on the castle" from 1932) as well as small shopping centers for the rapidly growing workforce, from 1970 also of Turkish origin the colliery. The proportion of foreigners (especially skilled workers from Turkey, Russia and Poland) was around 7% in 1980. An Islamic house of prayer has existed since 2010. Consideration of archaeological aspects was not in the foreground when building housing. Many of the old farms had to give way to the miners' settlements of the Vestisch-Märkische Housing Association.
restructuring
At the end of the 20th century, mining in Oberaden lost its importance. The Haus Aden colliery became part of mine east of Ruhrkohle AG . Part of the workforce was reduced (so-called early retirement) or relocated, and in 2001 - only two generations after the shafts had been sunk - the mine was closed. In 2006 two of the three winding towers were blown up. Only the most recently erected headframe remained as a landmark. Hardly anything remains of the mine’s surface operations than a large-scale industrial wasteland on the northern edge of the Ruhr area, directly adjacent to the Münsterland. Due to the location of the site on the little-used canal not far from the meandering Lippe and the view of Cappenberg Castle just a few kilometers away , urban planners were encouraged to envision a “water town”.
Renaturation
The Wasserstadt project corresponds to the efforts of the city of Bergkamen to face structural change: the mining dump on the Großer Holz with the adjacent Beversee nature reserve was planted and converted into a local recreation area.
A few kilometers to the east, a marina for sports boats has been created in the Rünthe district . The streams of Seseke and Kuhbach, which became sewers in the course of industrialization, have been renatured. A well-connected network of cycle paths (including the long-distance “ Roman route ” from Xanten to Detmold ) runs through the community and connects Oberaden with recreational areas such as Lake Horstmar . The "Münsterlandisierung" of Oberaden is making progress. Oberaden again has little industry, a lot of green and has more of the character of a rural housing estate than an urban municipality.
Population development
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politics
Parties and unions
From 1946 to 1952 the CDU had the majority in the local council, and since 1952 the SPD . Other parties such as the FDP, the Greens, Communists and the Right remained rather insignificant. In contrast, the union IG BE (today IG BCE ) was influential . Every year on May 1st, impressive demonstrations with political celebrities took place on Labor Day.
mayor
- Wilhelm Landwehr, CDU, 1946–1947
- Paul Rademacher, CDU, 1947
- Heinrich Bennemann, CDU, 1947–1950
- August Düsenberg, CDU, 1950–1952
- Wilhelm Rumpf, SPD, 1952–1964
- Heinz Voigt, SPD, 1964–1965
Mayor
- Albin Seibert, SPD, 1966–1975
- Helmut Krickau, SPD, 1975
- Manfred Voss, SPD, 1984
- Horst Grinat, SPD, 1992-1999
- Martin Blom, SPD, 1999-2010
- Michael Jürgens, SPD, since 2010
Mayor of Bergkamen from 1966
- Edgar Pech, SPD, 1966–1975
- Heinrich Kook, SPD, 1975–1989
- Wolfgang Kerak, SPD, 1989–1998
- Roland Schäfer , SPD, since 1998
coat of arms
Blazon : "In gold (yellow) two crossed black wall spears, right and left a six-pointed black floating star."
The municipal coat of arms, which was only created in 1956, shows two crossed Roman wall spears , as they were found during excavations of the Roman camp in Oberaden, and two stars from the coat of arms of those of Aden .
Transport links
Oberaden is about 6 km from the Kamener Kreuz , the intersection of the A1 ( Cologne - Bremen ) and A2 ( Hanover - Oberhausen ) motorways. Up until 1983, Oberaden had a train station on the Oberhausen-Osterfeld – Hamm railway line , which was then mainly used for freight traffic and is now used exclusively . Today the next train stations are in the neighboring towns of Lünen and Kamen . Bus lines go there. The approximately six kilometers to Hauptbahnhof Lünen provides connections in the clock after Muenster , Dortmund and in the Netherlands ( Enschede ); from the train station Kamen you can reach u. a. slightly Hamm and in the west the large Ruhr area cities Dortmund, Bochum , Essen and Duisburg . Even Dusseldorf (with previous stop all trains at the international airport ) and later in Cologne Aachen can be reached to change trains from Kamen. There are connections to the IC and ICE networks at the Dortmund , Hamm and Münster train stations . The Dortmund airport with a number of direct flights, u. a. to Munich , London , Kiev , Katowice and Mallorca , is about 11 km from Oberaden.
societies
- SuS Oberaden (handball, volleyball and other departments)
- Friends and supporters of the Bergkamen City Museum
- Friends and sponsors of the Preinschule Oberaden e. V.
- Friends and sponsors of the Realschule Oberaden e. V.
- Men's choir
- Accordion club
- Shooting club
- Volunteer firefighter
- Volksbühne 20
- Sauerland Mountain Association SGV
- Knappenverein
- ecclesiastical: Kolping, KAB, trombone choir, men's association, church choir
Personalities
Wilhelm Löbbe (* 1890 in Oberaden; † 1950 in Bochum ), mechanical engineer, designer, inventor of mining technology ( Löbbe-Hobel ) , operations manager of the Eisenhütte Westfalia trade union , Lünen, inducted into the International Mining Technology Hall of Fame in 2014
literature
- From the history of Oberaden . Festschrift on the occasion of the Aliso Festival 1984 with contributions by Martin Litzinger, Friedrich Potthoff and Wilhelm Schulze-Marmeling, published by the city of Bergkamen.
- Martin Litzinger: The Schulze Aden farm in Bergkamen . In: Genealogisches Jahrbuch , Vol. 21, Neustadt / Aisch 1981, pp. 137–207.
- Johann-Sebastian Kühlborn: Oberaden . In: Bendix Trier (ed.): 2000 years of the Romans in Westphalia, exhibition catalog. Zabern / Mainz 1989, ISBN 3-8053-1100-1 .
Web links
- Overview map of the Roman camp
- Info on Roman campaigns in Germania
- Roman Oberaden (English)
- Aden water town
- Oberaden in the Westphalian Cultural Atlas
Individual evidence
- ↑ Stephanie Reekers: The regional development of the districts and communities of Westphalia 1817-1967 . Aschendorff, Münster Westfalen 1977, ISBN 3-402-05875-8 , p. 214 .
- ↑ List of the population of the districts
- ^ MF Essellen: Description and brief history of the Hamm district and the individual localities in the same . Verlag Reimann GmbH & Co, Hamm 1985, ISBN 3-923846-07-X , p. 180 .
- ↑ www.gemeindeververzeichnis.de: Population figures 1910
- ↑ Handbook of the offices and rural communities in the Rhine province and in the province of Westphalia , Prussian Landgemeindetag West, Berlin 1931.
- ^ Otto Lucas: Kreis-Atlas Unna . Unna / Münster 1957
- ↑ Martin Bünermann, Heinz Köstering: The communities and districts after the municipal territorial reform in North Rhine-Westphalia . Deutscher Gemeindeverlag, Cologne 1975, ISBN 3-555-30092-X , p. 231 .
- ^ State Office for Data Processing and Statistics North Rhine-Westphalia (Ed.): Special series on the 1987 census in North Rhine-Westphalia: Population and private households as well as buildings and apartments. Selected results for parts of the community. Arnsberg administrative district . 1990, p. 290 .
- ↑ Municipal coat of arms ( page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Acknowledgment of Wilhelm Löbbe and Konrad Grebe on the website of the International Mining Technology Hall of Fame
