Prawdziska

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Prawdziska
Prawdziska does not have a coat of arms
Prawdziska (Poland)
Prawdziska
Prawdziska
Basic data
State : Poland
Voivodeship : Warmia-Masuria
Powiat : Ełk
Gmina : Kalinowo
Geographic location : 53 ° 52 '  N , 22 ° 46'  E Coordinates: 53 ° 51 '47 "  N , 22 ° 45' 39"  E
Residents :
Postal code : 19-314
Telephone code : (+48) 87
License plate : NEL
Economy and Transport
Street : DK 16 : Grudziądz - Olsztyn - Mrągowo - Ełk - Kalinowo ↔ Augustów - Ogrodniki (- Lithuania )
Turowo - Kile - Ginie → Prawdziska
Rail route : no rail connection
Next international airport : Danzig



Prawdziska ( German  Prawdzisken , 1934-1945 Reiffenrode ) is a Polish village in northeastern Masuria . It belongs to the municipality of Kalinowo (Kallinowen , 1938 to 1945 Dreimühlen) in the Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship , Ełk district .

Geographical location

The village is located east of the village of Kalinowo directly on the border with the Podlaskie Voivodeship , 26 kilometers northeast of the district town of Ełk (Lyck) .

Place name

The origin of the historical place name Prawdzisken is derived from the Masurian term for a boletus .

history

The place Prawdzisken was created by internal migration from the Lycker area. In 1505 the Komtur von Lyck Jacob Reiff , also called Walter , transferred 10 hooves to the colonists Adam (Jadamowi) Sanden and Nikolaus (Miklas) Bahlo for cultivation.

In 1656 the Tatars, allied with Poland, invaded large parts of Masuria and Prawdzisken, and the village was largely destroyed. The Lyck governor von Auer noted as a balance sheet: 30 hooves, 19 farmsteads are standing, everything except hooves sown over winter, no supplies, 17 people driven away.

In May 1874, as part of a Prussian community reform, the new district of Dluggen ( Długie in Polish ) was formed, which includes the communities of Burnien, Dluggen , Dlugoniedzialen, Duttken , Gronsken , Kolleschnicken , Krzysewen , Prawdzisken and Romanowen and the manor district of Imionken.

In 1905 Prawdzisken received a Catholic parish in the Protestant-dominated district. The pastor there from 1919 to 1926 was Wojciech Rogaczewski, who actively spoke out in favor of breaking away from the German Reich and joining Poland in the 1920 referendum in the Allenstein voting area on the state future of southern East Prussia. In Prawdzisken, 220 residents voted to remain with East Prussia, Poland did not vote. Rogaczewski continued to campaign for a revival of the Polish language among the Old Masurian population until he left Germany in 1926.

On June 24, 1908, in the course of the creation of larger territorial units, the district of Dluggen was dissolved, the rural communities Burnien, Dluggen, Kolleschnicken, Krzysewen and Prawdzisken came to the district of Kallinowen (1938 to 1945 "District of Dreimühlen"). With the re-establishment of Poland in 1918, Prawdzisken became a border town between the province of East Prussia and the neighboring Polish Voivodeship of Podlasie .

Prawdzisken was renamed Reiffenrode on January 31, 1934 in the course of the massive Germanization of place names of Masurian, Polish or Lithuanian origin . The name Reiffenrode can be traced back to the fact that the place was created in 1504 in a forested area (clearing) mainly through the work of Jacob Reiff. After the end of the Second World War in 1945, the place was renamed again in the Polish spelling of the historical place name Prawdzisken in "Prawdziska".

At the end of the war, Reiffenrode , which was part of the German Empire ( East Prussia ), fell to Poland. The resident German population, as far as they had not fled, was largely expelled or resettled. New citizens from other parts of Poland were settled next to the traditional Masurian minority .

From 1975 to 1998 Prawdziska was part of the Suwałki Voivodeship . In 1999 the place was assigned to the newly formed Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship .

Population development

  • 1821: 170 inhabitants
  • 1910: 334 inhabitants
  • 1933: 296 inhabitants
  • 1939: 276 inhabitants

Religions

Evangelical

Church building

The Protestant church was consecrated in Prawdzisken in 1906. It was a brick building with a roof turret and a belfry at the north entrance. The furnishings with an altar and a side pulpit were kept simple. The altarpiece showed " The Last Supper ".

Parish

The parish of Prawdzisken was founded in 1905 and as a subsidiary of the parish Borszymmen in the parish of Lyck in the church province of East Prussia, it was assigned to the Church of the Old Prussian Union . The Prawdzisken parish of the Borszymmen / Prawdzisken parish included: Alt Czymochen (1929 to 1945 Finsterwalde ), * Gingen , * Kolleschnicken (1938 to 1945 Jürgenau ) and * Prawdzisken. In 1929 the parish Prawdzisken was dissolved by Borszymmen and made independent. The clergy who served in the Prawdzisker church were preferably recruited from among the auxiliary preachers.

Flight and expulsion of the local population brought church life to a standstill after 1945. Today only very few Protestant church members live in Prawdzisken. You orientate yourself to the parish in the district town Ełk (Lyck) , a branch parish of the parish in Pisz ( German  Johannisburg ) in the diocese of Masuria of the Evangelical Augsburg Church in Poland .

Roman Catholic

Church building

In 1905 Prawdzisken received a Roman Catholic Church , whose name was the Apostle St. Andrew (now in Polish: Św. Andrzeja Apostoła). The church was built in a neo-Gothic style.

Parish

Before 1945, the Prawdzisken parish included more than fifty parish towns in the entire eastern Lyck district . It was incorporated into the Deanery of Masuria II (seat: Johannisburg ) in the Diocese of Warmia . The number of parish members increased after 1945, the parish was restricted and a branch parish was established in its north in Turowo (Thurowen , 1938 to 1945 Auersberg) . The Prawdziska parish is now part of the Miłosierdzia Bożego deanery in Ełk in the Ełk diocese of the Roman Catholic Church in Poland .

traffic

Prawdziska is located on the east-west axis Landesstraße 16 , which is important in terms of traffic and connects the three voivodeships of Kuyavian-Pomeranian , Warmian-Masurian and Podlaskie . Before 1945 Prawdzisken resp. Reiffenrode is a border town on the state border to Poland 500 meters further east , which is now marked by the voivodeship border between Warmia-Masuria and Podlaskie.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Polish Postal Code Directory 2013, p. 1032
  2. ↑ a b Dietrich Lange, Geographical Location Register East Prussia (2005): Reiffenrode
  3. ↑ Rolf Jehke, Dluggen / Kallinowen / Dreimühlen district
  4. ↑ Herbert Marzian , Csaba Kenez : self-determination for East Germany. Documentation on the 50th anniversary of the East and West Prussian referendum on July 11, 1920. Editor: Göttinger Arbeitskreis , 1970, p. 86
  5. ^ Uli Schubert, community directory, district of Lyck
  6. ^ A b Michael Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. District of Lyck (Lyk, Polish Elk). (Online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006).
  7. ↑ Walther Hubatsch : History of the Protestant Church in East Prussia. Volume 2: Pictures of East Prussian churches. P. 124
  8. ^ A b Walther Hubatsch: History of the Protestant Church in East Prussia. Volume 3: Documents. Göttingen 1968, p. 493
  9. ↑ The * indicates a school location
  10. ↑ Friedwald Moeller: Old Prussian Protestant Pastor's Book from the Reformation to the Expulsion in 1945. Hamburg 1968, p. 114
  11. ^ Prawdzisken, St. Andreas
  12. ^ Parafia Prawdziska in the Diocese of Ełk