Rabobank

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  Rabobank (Coöperatieve Rabobank UA)
Rabobank headquarters in Utrecht
Rabobank headquarters in Utrecht
Country NetherlandsNetherlands Netherlands
Seat Utrecht
legal form Cooperative without liability
BIC RABONL2UXXX
founding 1972
Website www.rabobank.com
Business dataTemplate: Infobox credit institute / maintenance / data out of dateTemplate: Infobox credit institute / maintenance / year missing
Total assets 670 billion euros (2015)
Employee 51,859 (Dec. 31, 2015)
Offices 506 (December 31, 2015)
Members 1.945 million
management
Board Wiebe Draijer (Chairman)
Supervisory board Wout Dekker (Chairman)

The Rabobank (full Company: Cooperative Rabobank UA ) is a Dutch cooperative bank based in Utrecht . Until the end of 2015, the Rabobank Group was an association of local cooperative banks and a head office (Rabobank Nederland) . On January 1, 2016, the 106 local Rabobanks merged with the central institute to form a single cooperative .

In the Netherlands, with its 16.9 million inhabitants , Rabobank has 7.4 million customers worldwide which supervises credit institution over 8.6 million customers. In terms of total assets , Rabobank is the second largest Dutch bank (as of July 2016). In the Netherlands in particular, the institute concentrates on the management of savings balances, the mortgage business and financial services for private customers, retail , industry and service providers . Rabobank is also a major national and international financial services provider for the agricultural and food industry . It is the market leader here in the Netherlands .

history

Background and history

Agriculture in the Netherlands went through a serious crisis in the last two decades of the 19th century . This consisted of deficits in capital resources, production technology , marketing and the financing of agricultural products. The country's banks did not operate in the rural areas. In 1888 a royal commission dealt with the issue and recommended a number of measures. These should promote agricultural know-how and agricultural training as well as lead to the optimization of production techniques and marketing. The Commission also proposed setting up agricultural organizations or cooperatives and finding ways of financing that would ensure farmers' independence. In doing so, she picked up on ideas that Friedrich Wilhelm Raiffeisen had developed in Germany .

The first Dutch banks that met Raiffeisen's ideas were founded in 1895/1896. As early as 1898, the cooperative banks formed central organizations that acted as umbrella banks: The rural cooperative banks in the Protestant north formed the Coöperatieve Vereeniging van Raiffeisen-Banken en Landbouwvereenigingen based in Utrecht in June , while those in the Catholic south created the Coöperatieve in Eindhoven in December Centrale Boerenleenbank . Both in the north and south of the association, the member banks remained legally independent, although they were mutually liable and accepted the directives of the umbrella banks. According to the cooperative idea, farmers and later the owner of goods Horticulture -powered owners , members and leaders of their locally operating banks. Gains of working with relatively low cost credit unions were not to members distributed , but the formation of own funds or as reserves used. In 1900 there were 67 of these banks nationwide. In the 1920s the number grew to over 1200. 1955 had reached the largest number of these local primary banks with 1324. Around 1960, 500,000 people were members of the cooperative banks.

In the 1950s and 1960s, the cooperative banks reacted to the structural change in the banking industry and for the first time also offered savings accounts in addition to the popular current accounts . They also opened branches in cities for the first time. The development of the home-building mortgage business was also important . Commercial customers from other industries also began to use the services of the cooperative banks. Non-banking services were also added to the portfolio , such as insurance and package tours .

From the merger in 1972 to the turn of the millennium

At the beginning of the 1970s, the two central organizations announced their intention to join forces. The merger to form Coöperatieve Centrale Raiffeisen-Boerenleenbank took place in December 1972. The new bank, which quickly became known as Rabobank, now acted as the central bank of the local primary banks, which numbered around 1,200 at the time of the merger. By the turn of the millennium, Rabobank had developed into an all-round financial service provider , while at the same time it was tackling its internationalization . For example, joining Van Lanschot at the end of 1977 opened up access to private banking ; the insurance business expanded in 1978 through the participation in the broker Bruns, ten Brink & Co and through the acquisition of Interpolis in 1990; the asset management benefited from merging with Robeco ; Rabobank acted with the help of De Lage Landen for leasing and factoring . In 1981 Rabobank opened an office in New York , and in 1998 it was represented with over 100 branches in 35 countries.

In 1980 Rabobank opened a representative office in Frankfurt am Main . On January 1, 1984, she took over the majority stake in ADCA , which was renamed Rabobank Deutschland AG in 1992 .

Mergers of local Rabobanks reduced the number of local primary banks in the Dutch home market. In October 1999 it was 439 and the number of branches was almost 1,800. In the 1990s, driven by bank mergers in the Netherlands, a debate arose as to whether Rabobank should transform itself into a commercial bank with a stock exchange listing . Rabobank decided against it, instead strengthening the concept of a cooperative and, from 2000, intensively recruited members.

The Rabobank in the 21st Century

In order to bundle its international business, Rabobank founded Rabobank International in 1996 , but it did not live up to all expectations. In particular , the investment banking at the London location caused criticism within the bank because the return on investment fell short of the forecast values. In addition, the culture of investmenbanking did not fit the traditions of Rabobank. The intensive talks with DG Bank about a merger that began in October 1999 also failed. Instead, in 2001, Rabobank signed a cooperation agreement with WGZ Bank .

In Ireland , Rabobank bought ACC Bank in 2002 ; in Switzerland , it acquired 28 percent of Sarasin's shares in March of the same year . In December 2006 she exercised her option to acquire a majority stake in this private bank. In the United States , Rabobank expanded its activities in 2005 despite the failed purchase of Farm Credit Services of America , including the acquisition of Community Bank of California , in 2007 with the purchase of Mid-State Bank & Trust and the acquisition of Butte Community Bank and the Pacific State Bank in 2010. Further investments in or takeovers of banks with a focus on agriculture and food were added worldwide. The expansion also affected developing countries . Since entering the market, Rabobank has pursued two goals: It provides banking services for the agricultural sector, while at the same time it is developing retail banking ( standardized private customer business ).

Rabobank also expanded its business with direct banks . In Germany, Rabobank has been courting private customers with RaboDirect since mid-2012 . At that time, RaboDirect was already active in Belgium (market leader there), Ireland, Poland , Australia and New Zealand .

Income in the home market remained a source of financing for international expansion . FGH Bank , a leading Dutch real estate financier, also contributed to them from 2003 . The same applied to the real estate division and asset management of Bouwfonds , a project developer that ABN Amro sold in summer 2006.

In line with the expansion, Rabobank successfully recruited new members. While it had 510,000 members in 1999, it was around 1.945 million at the end of 2015. The bank made it possible to purchase membership certificates in 2000, 2001, 2002 and 2005. Since early 2014, these papers are at the Euro next Amsterdam listed .

Rabobank has always shown profits in its history. It also weathered the subprime and credit crisis relatively well. This clearly differentiated it from its most important domestic competitors, the ING Groep and ABN Amro . Nevertheless, the bank began selling some of its assets in 2010: in summer 2012, the Sarasin shares went to the Brazilian Safra Group . In the same year it also parted with shares in the Indian Yes Bank . In 2013, Rabobank sold 90 percent of Robeco to ORIX . The sale of the Polish BGZ to BNP Paribas was completed in September 2014 . In summer 2016, Daimler Financial Services acquired Athlon Car Lease International from the Rabobank Group, and the transaction should take place by the end of 2016.

The bank struggled with image problems after it became public that the cycling team it sponsored was involved in doping cases . In 2013, Piet Moerland, the CEO of Rabobank, resigned because employees of his institute were involved in the Libor scandal . Rabobank compared for this reason with law enforcement agencies and paid a fine of 774 million euros .

On January 1, 2016, the 106 local Rabobanks merged with the central institute to form a single cooperative with a common banking license and common annual financial statements .

Business strategy and business areas

strategy

By 2020, Rabobank claims to be pursuing a strategy that aims, on the one hand, to be more customer- oriented. On the other hand, as a partner bank of many small and medium-sized companies , it wants to promote entrepreneurial thinking and action . In addition, it sees its global task as “Banking for Food”: Its banking services are intended to provide the world population with sufficient quantities and variety of agricultural products and food. Rabobank wants to concentrate on these tasks and is examining the extent to which individual areas of the Rabobank Group make a substantial contribution to this core business . It is also planning to improve its own resources by 2020.

Business areas

The entirety of Rabobank's business areas includes retail banking , corporate banking, leasing and real estate services.

In the private customer business in its home market, the bank primarily deals with payment transactions , savings deposits , mortgages, financial investments and insurance. The corporate customer business within the Netherlands includes business customers from all sectors. The international corporate customer business concentrates on companies in the agricultural and agricultural and food industries.

Outside the Netherlands, Rabobank has retail banking in the United States, Ireland and Indonesia . Via RaboDirect , it also maintains business relationships with private customers in Belgium, Germany, Ireland, Australia and New Zealand.

DLL , formerly De Lage Landen , is the leasing services company within the Rabobank Group. DLL operates in 35 countries. To DLL belongs to the year 2016 Athlon as an international leasing company for the automotive market; the sale to Daimler Financial Services was announced in summer 2016 . Also Freo , an online provider for consumer loans , is one DLL .

The Rabo Real Estate Group is responsible for the real estate business. In the Netherlands - to a lesser extent in France and Germany - it deals with the development of real estate and space as well as corresponding investments. Rabobank also offers financing for private and commercial real estate under its own name . FGH Bank was also active in the commercial real estate sector for many years until it was absorbed by Rabobank at the end of the first quarter of 2015.

RaboDirect

In Belgium, Germany, Ireland, Australia and New Zealand, the Dutch cooperative bank reaches private customers with RaboDirect . In Germany, RaboDirect is not an independent bank, but a division of the Dutch Rabobank. As part of the Frankfurt am Main branch, it offers savings products that differ in terms of the term of the savings deposits.

As a division of Rabobank, RaboDirect is a member of the statutory Dutch deposit insurance scheme . It protects deposits in the same amount as the statutory German deposit insurance: up to 100,000 euros per person are covered.

The total amount of the cross-border deposits managed by the direct bank amounted to 30.5 billion euros at the end of 2015. The number of RaboDirect customers was around 900,000. The activities of RaboDirect generated 22 percent of all savings deposits within the Rabobank Group.

Subsidiaries and investments

Wholly owned subsidiaries of Rabobank are:

  • Bouwfonds IM (real estate)
  • BPD Europe BV (real estate)
  • DLL (leasing)
  • Obvion (mortgages)

Rabobank is in the following companies and banks involved :

At the end of 2015, Rabobank named - apart from the 106 local Rabobanks and the head office - around 700 companies, legal entities and units in which it was involved and which were consolidated in the annual financial statements .

Market position

In terms of total assets, Rabobank is the second largest bank in the Netherlands (as of July 2016). In the mortgage market it has a share of 20 percent, in the market for savings it is 35 percent. In the market for corporate customers from trade, industry and services, their market share is 42 percent, in the market for financial services for the agricultural and food sector it is 84 percent (values ​​for 2015).

Organization and numbers

Customer structure and national markets

The bank has 8.6 million customers, 7.4 million of whom are from the Netherlands. There are 800,000 commercial customers among the Dutch customers.

Management and employees

The managing board of directors of the bank is chaired by Wiebe Draijer. Other members of the Board of Directors are Bas Brouwers, Ralf Dekker, Petra van Hoeken, Berry Marttin, Rien Nagel and Jan van Nieuwenhuizen.

Wout Dekker heads the supervisory board . Other members of this supervisory body are Ron Teerlink, Irene Asscher-Vonk, Leo Degle, Leo Graafsma, Arian Kamp, Erik van de Merwe and Marjan Trompetter.

At the end of 2015, the bank had around 52,000 employees worldwide. Around 40,000 worked in the Netherlands, the remaining 12,000 abroad. 51.8 percent of the staff were female. The proportion of women in management positions was 28.8 percent. In December 2015, the bank announced that it would cut around 9,000 jobs between 2016 and 2018.

Annual results

All euro amounts in billions
year Balance sheet
total 		Net profit Profit
growth 		Common
Equity Tier 1 ratio 		Own funds Return on
own funds
2011 € 731,665 € 2.627 −5.2% 12.7% € 45.001 7.6%
2012 € 750.710 € 2.058 −21.7% 13.1% € 42,080 5.4%
2013 € 669.095 € 2.007 −2.5% 13.5% € 38,534 5.2%
2014 € 681,086 € 1,842 −8.2% 13.6% € 38,871 5.2%
2015 € 670.373 € 2.214 20.2% 13.5% € 41,280 6.5%

Rating

From 1981 to 2011, Rabobank received the highest ratings (Triple A) from the rating agencies without interruption . At times it was the last non-government bank in the world to boast such a rating.

Ratings (as of September 2016)
Rating agency Long-term rating outlook Short term rating
Moody's Aa2 Stable P-1
Standard & Poor's A + Stable A-1
Fitch AA- Stable F1 +
DBRS AA Stable R-1 (high)

Global Finance magazine listed the 50 safest banks in the world in November 2015. Rabobank took 14th place.

Rule violations and criticism

Cycling

The Rabobank sponsored cycling from 1996 . The focus was on the team that bore the bank's name: the Rabobank Cycling Team (now Team Lotto NL-Jumbo ). Several drivers, team leaders and doctors were involved in doping cases. Of them, Michael Rasmussen was the most famous athlete. He was suspended from his team during the 2007 Tour de France because of serious suspicion of doping. Rasmussen had previously evaded doping controls several times . In October 2012, Rabobank announced that it would stop sponsoring the men's professional team at the end of 2012. The bank had to fear image problems due to the doping practices.

Participation in the Libor scandal

Due to the involvement of some of its dealers in the years of manipulation of interbank interest rates (→ Libor scandal ), the bank paid a fine of EUR 774 million in October 2013 to British, American and Dutch authorities with whom it had settled out of court. Their then chairman of the board, Piet Moerland, resigned. In November 2013, Sipko Schat, another board member of Rabobank, also resigned.

Alleged land grabbing

In November 2015, a team of Dutch and Romanian investigative journalists accused Rabobank of practicing " land grabbing " to the detriment of smallholders in Romania and of seeking the help of corrupt and criminal people on site. The allegations were directed against Rabo Farm , an agricultural land investment fund that belongs to Bouwfonds IM . Rabo Farm responded to the allegations by stating that the due diligence did not reveal any such findings.

Money laundering in California

A grand jury is concerned with the 2016 issue of whether employees of Rabobank in California of money laundering knew or were involved in it. The money in question is said to have been drug money. Rabobank emphasizes that it will cooperate with the authorities. In 2018, Rabobank was sentenced to pay $ 369 million for the practice of money laundering which was then covered up. The bank had to pay another US $ 50 million to the Office of the Comptroller of the Currency .

Expertise, social affairs and memberships

Expertise

Rabobank conducts extensive research for its customers and for its own purposes . It covers three areas:

  • Around 80 employees take care of Food & Agribusiness Research and Advisory . You deal with topics and trends in the agricultural and food sector worldwide.
  • The Economic Research persecuted, analyzes and forecasts economic developments in the Netherlands and worldwide.
  • The Financial Markets Research deals with developments in the global financial markets .

CSR, sponsorship and foundation

Rabobank sees itself as a socially responsible bank. As part of its annual reports, it provides information about its corporate social responsibility (CSR). In reporting on the 2015 financial year, she dealt with her own contribution to sustainable development , customer orientation and the empowerment of her employees.

The sports sponsorship Rabobank focused for many years in the Netherlands hockey , equestrian and cycling. The spectrum ranged from amateur sports to professional sports . In December 2015, the bank announced that it would focus its sports sponsorship on local sports from 2017. The cultural sponsorship of the bank focuses on the fine arts and classical music . Rabobank has a collection of works of art from the period since the end of the Second World War , with a focus on art since the 1990s. Supporting the world's oldest baroque ensemble , the Dutch Bach Society (→ Nederlandse Bachvereniging ), is the focus of sponsorship in classical music.

The Rabobank Foundation , the Rabobank Foundation , supports socially disadvantaged and handicapped people within the Netherlands in order to enable them to live independently and independently. The foundation also organizes projects for smallholders in developing countries in Africa, Asia and Latin America. Here it promotes the cooperative concept. At the end of 2015, the foundation supported 290 projects in 26 countries outside the Netherlands together with 230 partners. Most of these were production cooperatives as well as savings and credit cooperatives. At this point in time, the foundation was supporting 55 individual projects in the Netherlands.

In the banking sector of Brazil, Paraguay, Mozambique, Rwanda, Tanzania, Zambia and Uganda, Rabobank is involved in local banks through Rabo Development . The aim of Rabo Development is to improve access to financial services and to promote the concept of cooperatives and banking know-how. Rabo Development is also active in an advisory capacity in other developing countries .

Association memberships

Rabobank is a full member of the European Association of Co-operative Banks . As a full member , it is also a member of the International Raiffeisen Union . It has also been a member of the Unico Banking Group since it was founded in 1977 .

attachment

literature

  • Hans Groeneveld: Rabobank before, during and after the credit crisis: From modesty via complacency to fundamental steps . TIAS School for Business and Society, Working Paper, September 2015 ( PDF ).
  • Vincent Blok, August Sjauw-Koen-Fa, Onno Omta: Effective Stakeholder Involvement at the Base of the Pyramid: The Case of Rabobank . In: International Food and Agribusiness Management Review , 16th year, special edition A, 2013, pp. 39–44 (English; PDF, 114 kB ).
  • Joke Mooij: Dutch cooperative banks and the crises of the 1920s and 1930s ; in: J. Mooij, WW Boonstra (Ed.): Raiffeisen's Footprint. The Cooperative Way of Banking . VU Univ. Press, Amsterdam 2012, ISBN 978-90-8659-616-4 , pp. 107-123 (English).
  • Niek Vogelaar: Rabobank and the credit crisis . In: J. Mooij, WW Boonstra (Ed.): Raiffeisen's Footprint. The Cooperative Way of Banking . VU Univ. Press, Amsterdam 2012, ISBN 978-90-8659-616-4 , pp. 197-216.
  • ML Cohen, updated by Paul Ingnati: Rabobank Group . In: International Directory of Company Histories . Vol. 116, St. James Press, Detroit, New York [et al.] 2011, pp. 406-409 (English).
  • Johannes M. Groeneveld: The Cooperative Rabobank. Past, Present and Perspectives . In: Revue bancaire et financière - Banks and Financiewezen . Vol. 75, Issue 3, 2011, pp. 127-135 (English).
  • Wim W. Boonstra: Banking in Times of Crisis: The Case of Rabobank . In: Morten Balling, Jan Marc Berk, Marc-Olivier Strauss-Kahn (Eds.): The Quest for Stability: the view of financial institutions . SUERF Studies No. 3/2010, Vienna 2010, ISBN 978-3-902109-53-8 , pp. 31–56 (English).
  • Matteo Cotugno: Cooperative Banking in the Netherlands: Rabobank Network . In: Vittorio Boscia, Alessandro Carretta, Paola Schwizer (eds.): Cooperative Banking in Europe. Case studies . Palgrave Macmillan, Basingstoke, Hampshire [et al.] 2010, ISBN 978-0-230-57677-3 , pp. 107-128 (English).
  • Cole R. Gustafson: Rabobank's Offer to Purchase Farm Credit Services of America - A Case Study . AAE Staff Paper No. 04006, December 2004 (PDF) .
  • Manfred Pohl , Sabine Freitag: Handbook on the History of European Banks . European Association for Banking History e. V., Elgar, Aldershot u. a. 1994, ISBN 1-85278-919-0 , pp. 781-787 (English).

Web links

Commons : Rabobank  - collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Entry in the BIC directory at SWIFT
  2. ↑ Economy helps Rabobank to jump in profit ; in: Börsen-Zeitung from February 19, 2016.
  3. ↑ a b c d Rabobank Group: Annual Report 2015 , p. 9 , accessed on August 31, 2016.
  4. ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k l Rabobank Group: Annual Report 2015 , p. 10 f. (PDF), accessed on August 31, 2016.
  5. ^ Wiebe Draijer, Chairman of the Rabobank Executive Board , information on the Rabobank website, accessed on August 31, 2016.
  6. ↑ Wout Dekker, Chairman of the Supervisory Board of Rabobank ( Memento of the original from May 20, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , Information on the Rabobank website, accessed on August 31, 2016. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.rabobank.com
  7. ↑ a b See Hans Groeneveld: The new governance of the Rabobank cooperative bank. (PDF) (No longer available online.) In: IRU-Courier, July 2016, pp. 5–9. International Raiffeisen Union, archived from the original on September 21, 2016 ; accessed on August 31, 2016 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.iru.de
  8. ^ A b Major Banks in the Netherlands. In: thebanks.eu. February 10, 2016, accessed August 31, 2016 .
  9. ↑ Alfons Deter: Change of leadership at Rabobank. In: topagrar.com. July 1, 2016, accessed August 31, 2016 .
  10. ↑ Alfons Deter: Rabobank reports increasing agricultural loan portfolio. In: topagrar.com. August 31, 2016, accessed August 31, 2016 .
  11. ^ Manfred Pohl, Sabine Freitag: Handbook on the History of European Banks . P. 782.
  12. ^ A b Hans Groeneveld: The Road Towards One Cooperative Rabobank (January 2016) , p. 5.
  13. ↑ The information on the first foundations is not uniform in the literature. Is mentioned 1895 or 1896. See e.g. B. Johannes M. Groeneveld: The Cooperative Rabobank. Past, Present and Perspectives , 2011, p. 128 for the year 1896.
  14. ↑ a b c d e f g M. L. Cohen, Paul Ingati: Rabobank Group . In: International Directory of Company Histories , Vol. 116, pp. 406-409.
  15. ^ A b Wim W. Boonstra: Banking in Times of Crisis: The Case of Rabobank . 2010, p. 32.
  16. ↑ On the structural principles of the cooperative banks see Manfred Pohl, Sabine Freitag: Handbook on the History of European Banks , p. 782 f.
  17. ↑ Information on the history of Rabobank. In: rabobank.com. Retrieved September 2, 2016 .
  18. ↑ On the development of the cooperative banks in the crisis-ridden 1920s and 1930s see Joke Mooij: Dutch cooperative banks and the crises of the 1920s and 1930s . 2012.
  19. ^ Johannes M. Groeneveld: The Cooperative Rabobank. Past, Present and Perspectives . 2011, p. 128.
  20. ^ Manfred Pohl, Sabine Freitag: Handbook on the History of European Banks . P. 784 f.
  21. ↑ Divorce. In: rabobank.com/nl. Retrieved August 31, 2016 .
  22. ↑ For the background and conditions of this merger, see Hans Groeneveld: The Road Towards One Cooperative Rabobank (January 2016) , p. 9 f. and Manfred Pohl, Sabine Freitag: Handbook on the History of European Banks , p. 785 f.
  23. ↑ Expansion by Rabobank ; in: Financial Times of March 2, 1978. Rabobank then acquired a 25 percent stake, which in 1983 was expanded to 40 percent. See Rabobank increases Van Lanschot stake ; in: VWD-Finanz und Wirtschaftsspiegel from March 17, 1983.
  24. ↑ Expansion by Rabobank ; in: Financial Times of March 2, 1978.
  25. ^ Edi Cohen: Outsider with confidence ; in: Financial Times, September 4, 1991.
  26. ^ Initially in 1990 in the form of a strategic alliance , see Laura Raun: Fund group and bank link arms ; in: Financial Times of May 17, 1990. Robeco and Rabobank together ; in: Blick durch die Wirtschaft on May 18, 1990. Between 1996 and 2000, the two-step takeover of Robeco by Rabobank took place. See David Brown: Big Dutch Bank takes control of fund manager ; in: Financial Times June 6, 1990. Takeover of Robeco in two steps ; in: Handelsblatt of June 7, 1990. Rabobank buys rest of Robeco ; in: Financial Times of August 31, 2000. Rabobank transforms into an investor bank ; in: Börsen-Zeitung of September 2, 2000.
  27. ↑ Herman HF Wijffels: The strong and broad liability base has given the group an excellent rating in the markets ; in: Handelsblatt dated November 30, 1993.
  28. ^ Niek Vogelaar: Rabobank and the credit crisis . 2012, p. 200.
  29. ↑ Financial service provider in the food sector . In: Lebensmittel Zeitung , September 4, 1998.
  30. ↑ Rabobank now also in Germany . In: Süddeutsche Zeitung , October 24, 1980.
  31. ↑ ADCA majority now at Rabobank . In: Süddeutsche Zeitung , December 9, 1983.
    John Davies: Rabobank expands into Germany with Adca purchase . In: Financial Times , December 9, 1983.
    Bernhard Lovell: Rabobank Extending Its Reach In the International Marketplace . In: The Journal of Commerce , March 12, 1984.
  32. ↑ Rabobank holds 93.8% of ADCA . In: Handelsblatt , May 18, 1992.
  33. ↑ Bernd Wittkowski: "Logical Partners" DG Bank and Rabobank . In: Börsen-Zeitung , October 19, 1999.
  34. ^ Johannes M. Groeneveld: The Cooperative Rabobank. Past, Present and Perspectives . 2011, p. 130.
    Wim W. Boonstra: Banking in Times of Crisis: The Case of Rabobank . 2010, p. 34.
  35. ^ DG Bank and Rabobank before Allianz ; in: Handelsblatt of October 15, 1999. John Carreyrou, James M. Dorsey: Rabobank, DG Outline Venture Plan ; in: The Wall Street Journal of December 22, 1999. Barbara Kussel: Rabobank is looking for further takeover candidates ; in: Financial Times Deutschland of March 12, 2002. See also Wim W. Boonstra: Banking in Times of Crisis: The Case of Rabobank , 2010, p. 39, Niek Vogelaar: Rabobank and the credit crisis , 2012, p. 199 f , Wim W. Boonstra: Banking in Times of Crisis: The Case of Rabobank , 2010, p. 39 and Hans Groeneveld: The Road Towards One Cooperative Rabobank (January 2016) , p. 12 f.
  36. ↑ Rabobank / DG Bank before cooperation ; in: Börsen-Zeitung of October 15, 1999. Rabobank and DG Bank plan to merge business units ; in: Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung of October 16, 1999. DG-Rabo as the nucleus of a European genobank ; in: Börsen-Zeitung from October 16, 1999. “Nucleus” for Euro-Genossenschaftsbank ; in: Handelsblatt of October 18, 1999. United Comrades; in: trend from January 1, 2000. DG-Rabo-Alliance remains hanging ; in: Börsen-Zeitung of February 23, 2000. Gordon Cramb: Bank collaboration plans falters ; in: Financial Times of May 15, 2000. Gordon Cramb: DG Bank and Rabo change their investment plans ; in: Financial Times Deutschland of May 16, 2000. There is a crunch between DG Bank and Rabobank. In: The world . May 17, 2000, accessed September 2, 2016 . DG Bank and Rabobank slow down ; in: Handelsblatt of May 17, 2000. Carsten Michael: DG Bank and Rabobank are considering new model for investment house ; in: Financial Times Deutschland of May 17, 2000. DG Bank and Rabo in tough negotiations ; in: Süddeutsche Zeitung of May 17, 2000. DG Bank and Rabobank shelve plans for joint ventures ; in: Börsen-Zeitung of November 7, 2000. Partial merger of DG Bank / Rabobank failed ; in: Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung of November 7, 2000. DG Bank and Rabobank bury their vision ; in: Handelsblatt dated November 7, 2000. DG and Rabobank call off co-operative merger ; in: Financial Times of November 7, 2000. DG Bank puts proposed stake in Rabo Securities on hold ; in: Handelsblatt from January 5, 2001.
  37. ↑ WGZ-Bank enters into an alliance with Rabobank ; in: Börsen-Zeitung of March 29, 2001. WGZ-Bank and Rabobank are getting closer ; in: Börsen-Zeitung of August 22, 2001. WGZ-Bank and Rabobank take another step towards each other ; in: Handelsblatt of August 22, 2001.
  38. ↑ Rabobank joins Bank Sarasin ; in: Handelsblatt of March 5, 2002.
  39. ^ William Hall: Rabobank takes Sarasin stake ; in: Financial Times of March 5, 2002. Daniel Cavelti: Sarasin and Rabobank do each other ; in: Finanz und Wirtschaft, March 6, 2002.
  40. ↑ Bank Sarasin becomes Dutch ; in: Der Bund of January 10, 2007.
  41. ↑ See Scott Kilman: Takeover Battle Erupts in Farm Creclit System ; in: The Wall Street Journal of August 19, 2004. Ian Bickerton: Rabobank set for an 'international offensive' ; in: Financial Times of September 7, 2004. Rolf Lebert: Rabobank announces global takeovers ; in: Financial Times Deutschland of September 7, 2004. Setback for Rabobank in the United States ; in: Neue Zürcher Zeitung of October 22, 2004. Ian Bickerton, Peter Thal Larsen: Rabobank aims to buy billions in the USA ; in Financial Times Deutschland dated March 7, 2005. See also Cole R. Gustafson: Rabobank's Offer to Purchase Farm Credit Services of America - A Case Study .
  42. ^ Dutch bank purchases in California ; in: Handelsblatt of October 14, 2005. Ian Bickerton: Rabobank starts US buying spree in California ; in: Financial Times of October 14, 2005.
  43. ^ Rabobank Completes Acquisition of Mid-State Bank & Trust. In: Business Wire . May 1, 2007, accessed September 3, 2016 .
  44. ^ Mark Anderson: Rabobank acquires Butte Community, Pacific State. In: bizjournals.com. August 24, 2010, accessed September 3, 2016 .
  45. ↑ For example, a share in the Indian Yes Bank (see Ian Bickerton: Rabobank set for an 'international offensive' ; in: Financial Times of September 7, 2004), the purchase of a 35 percent share in the Polish bank BGZ ( see Rabobank is active in Poland ; Handelsblatt dated September 6, 2004), the expansion in Brazil and Tanzania (see Strong domestic market - focus on the agricultural sector ; in: Börsen-Zeitung of March 9, 2006), the purchase of HNS Banco in Chile ( see In Brief: Rabobank Buying HNS Banco of Chile ; in: American Banker , Vol. 172, No. 69 of April 11, 2007) or the purchase of two banks in Indonesia (see Rabobank still has an appetite for expansion. Dutch people increase profit by 13 Percent ; in: Börsen-Zeitung of March 8, 2007).
  46. ^ Gerard van Empel: Rural Banking in Africa: The Rabobank Approach ; in: Renate Kloeppinger-Todd and Manohar Sharma (Eds.): Innovations in Rural and Agririculture Finance , p. 4 f. Vincent Blok, August Sjauw-Koen-Fa and Onno Omta: Effective Stakeholder Involvement at the Base of the Pyramid: The Case of Rabobank ( Memento of the original from September 21, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. . In: International Food and Agribusiness Management Review , Volume 16, Special Issue A, 2013, pp. 39–44 (PDF). @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / ageconsearch.umn.edu
  47. ↑ Karsten Seibel: The next foreign bank wants German savings. In: The world. June 21, 2012, accessed September 3, 2016 . Thomas Baumgartner: Rabobank is promoting German savings. In: Frankfurter Neue Presse . June 21, 2012, archived from the original on December 24, 2016 ; accessed on May 22, 2019 . Rabobank competes for German savings deposits. Dutch start direct banking - Marttin: "We want to win customers from banks and savings banks" ; in: Börsen-Zeitung of June 21, 2012. Peter Köhler: Rabobank aims at German savers ; in: Handelsblatt of June 21, 2012.
  48. ↑ HVB separates from Dutch FGH bank. In: Handelsblatt. July 23, 2003, accessed September 3, 2016 . HVB plans to sell FGH Bank to Rabobank ; in: Börsen-Zeitung of July 24, 2003. Hypo Real Estate completes sale of FGH Bank. In: The world. October 25, 2003, accessed September 3, 2016 .
  49. ↑ Bouwfonds is divided. Rabobank and SNS Reaal buy real estate subsidiary ; in: Börsen-Zeitung from August 1, 2006.
  50. ^ Johannes M. Groeneveld: The Cooperative Rabobank. Past, Present and Perspectives , 2011, p. 130.
  51. ^ Hans Groeneveld: The Road Towards One Cooperative Rabobank (January 2016) , p. 13 f.
  52. ↑ Rabobank Group: Annual Report 2015 , p. 232 , accessed on August 31, 2016; Hans Groeneveld: Rabobank before, during and after the credit crisis: From modesty via complacency to fundamental steps , 2015, p. 12; Hans Groeneveld: The Road Towards One Cooperative Rabobank (January 2016) , p. 17.
  53. ↑ Comrades in dollars ; in: WirtschaftsWoche No. 6 of February 3, 2014.
  54. ↑ Rabobank reports profit growth ; in: Handelsblatt of March 6, 2008. Rabobank gains despite subprime exposure, profit increases by 14 percent - targets achieved ; in: Börsen-Zeitung of March 8, 2008. The Netherlands - Rabobank benefits from the crisis at Fortis. In: Neue Zürcher Zeitung. August 28, 2008, accessed September 3, 2016 . Netherlands / Rabobank suffers from bad debt ; in: Neue Zürcher Zeitung of March 6, 2010. On the performance of Rabobank in the crisis, basically Wim W. Boonstra: Banking in Times of Crisis: The Case of Rabobank , 2010, pp. 40–46 and Johannes M. Groeneveld: The Cooperative Rabobank. Past, Present and Perspectives , 2011. On the characteristics of the concentration in banking in the Netherlands, see Matteo Cotugno: Cooperative Banking in the Netherlands: Rabobank Network , 2010, p. 108 and p. 126.
  55. ↑ Safra completes takeover of Rabobank majority stake. In: Neue Zürcher Zeitung. July 31, 2012, accessed September 2, 2016 .
  56. ↑ Rabobank sells Yes Bank stake for $ 87 mln - source. In: in.reuters.com. April 26, 2012, accessed September 3, 2016 .
  57. ↑ Rabobank silver-plated Robeco. Japan's financial service provider Orix pays almost 2 billion euros for 90 percent - comrades strengthen capital base ; in: Börsen-Zeitung of February 20, 2013. Rabobank sells Robeco ; in: Neue Zürcher Zeitung of February 20, 2013. Japanese put down 1.9 billion for Robeco. In: derStandard.at . February 19, 2013, accessed September 3, 2016 .
  58. ^ BNP completes purchase of Bank BGZ from Rabobank. In: Reuters .com. September 15, 2014, accessed September 3, 2016 .
  59. ↑ a b Daimler Financial Services buys Athlon Car Lease International. In: media.daimler.com. July 1, 2016, accessed September 3, 2016 . Daimler buys leasing company from Rabobank ; in: Kölner Stadt-Anzeiger from July 2, 2016. Daimler strengthens leasing with takeover. Finance division buys fleet subsidiary of Rabobank for 1.1 billion euros ; in: Börsen-Zeitung of July 2, 2016.
  60. ↑ a b Interest rate manipulation: Head of the Dutch Rabobank gives up. In: Spiegel Online . October 29, 2013, accessed August 31, 2016 . Rabobank boss resigns after Libor penalty payment. In: Handelsblatt (online). October 29, 2013, accessed August 31, 2016 .
  61. ↑ See Wiebe Draijer: Chairman's foreword; in: Rabobank Group: Annual Report 2015 , pp. 2–5 , accessed on August 31, 2016.
  62. ↑ To improve the capital ratios, see Laura Noonan, Pan Kwan Yuk: Rabobank to cut 9,000 more jobs and shrink balance sheet. In: Financial Times. December 9, 2015, accessed September 4, 2016 .
  63. ↑ About RaboDirect. In: rabodirect.de. Retrieved September 4, 2016 .
  64. ↑ For the offers and the deposit protection see the corresponding information on rabodirect.de. Retrieved September 9, 2016.
  65. ↑ Annual Report 2015 . Rabobank Group, p. 37, accessed on August 31, 2016 (PDF).
  66. ↑ Bouwfonds IM website .
  67. ↑ Website of BPD Europe BV (English).
  68. ^ Website of the DLL group .
  69. ↑ Web site Obvion (Dutch).
  70. ↑ ACC Loan Management website .
  71. ↑ Company website .
  72. ↑ BGZ BNP Paribas website (English).
  73. ↑ Rabo doet MyOrder van de hand emerce.nl of April 11, 2018
  74. ↑ Rembrandt Fusies & Overnames website (English).
  75. ↑ site of Robeco .
  76. ↑ website of Banco Regoonal (Spanish).
  77. ↑ Banco Sicredi website (English).
  78. ↑ BanconTerra website (Portuguese).
  79. ↑ Website of the BPR (English).
  80. ↑ Website of the DFCU group ( Memento of the original from December 23, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (English). @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.dfcugroup.com
  81. ↑ Banco Finterra website (Spanish).
  82. ^ Website of the Latin American Agribusiness Development Corporation (English).
  83. ↑ NMB website (English).
  84. ^ Website of the Zambia National Commercial Bank (English).
  85. ↑ Rabobank Annual Report 2015 , pp. 390–402 , accessed on August 31, 2016.
  86. ↑ For a country overview, see Rabobank Group: Annual Report 2015 , p. 214 f. , accessed on August 31, 2016.
  87. ↑ Overview of the members of the Board of Directors on the bank's website, accessed on September 5, 2016.
  88. ↑ Overview of the members of the Supervisory Board on the bank's website, accessed on September 5, 2016.
  89. ↑ Rabobank cuts 9,000 jobs. In: Handelsblatt. December 10, 2015, accessed September 8, 2016 .
  90. ↑ Annual Report 2015 . Rabobank Group, p. 8, accessed August 31, 2016.
  91. ^ "Common equity tier 1 ratio".
  92. ↑ Helmut Hetzel: Rabobank is a local champion, but not yet a global player ; in: Börsen-Zeitung of September 8, 2001. Sarasin moves to Rabobank ; in: Finanz und Wirtschaft dated March 6, 2002. Rabobank: The last triple-A rated bank falls. In: reuters.com. November 30, 2011, accessed September 7, 2016 . Niek Vogelaar: Rabobank and the credit crisis , 2012, p. 200.
  93. ↑ "Our project with Rabobank provides for the participation of third parties" ; in: Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung of February 19, 2000. Wim W. Boonstra: Banking in Times of Crisis: The Case of Rabobank , 2010, p. 31.
  94. ↑ Overview of the bank's ratings on the Rabobank website, accessed on September 7, 2016.
  95. ↑ Andrew Cunningham: Safest Commercial Banks, 2015. In: Global Finance (online). November 13, 2015, accessed September 9, 2016 .
  96. ↑ Newspaper: Systematic doping in the Rabobank team. Zeit Online , January 19, 2013, accessed September 6, 2016 .
  97. ↑ Rabobank drops out of cycling. In: Spiegel Online . October 19, 2012, accessed September 6, 2016 . The next sponsor gets out of doping: Rabobank withdraws from cycling. In: Der Tagesspiegel . October 20, 2012, accessed September 6, 2016 . C. Gertsch: Withdrawal from Rabobank ; in: Neue Zürcher Zeitung from October 20, 2012.
  98. ^ Helmut Hetzel: Rabobank fears loss of image ; in: Kölner Stadt-Anzeiger from July 28, 2007.
  99. ↑ Another top manager at Rabobank has to go ; in: Tages-Anzeiger from November 19, 2013. Bloodletting at Rabobank ; in: Börsen-Zeitung from November 19, 2013.
  100. ↑ Information about Rabo Farm on the Rabobank website, accessed on September 6, 2016.
  101. ^ Luke Dale-Harris: Tales of corruption surround Rabobank dealings in Romania. In: De Correspondent. November 6, 2015, accessed September 6, 2016 . Luke Dale-Harris: Think land grabbing is a thing of the past? Think again. In: De Correspondent. November 6, 2015, accessed September 6, 2016 . Luke Dale-Harris: Rabobank raids rural Romania. In: Deutsche Welle (online). November 12, 2015, accessed September 6, 2016 .
  102. ^ Luke Dale-Harris, Sorin Semeniuc: Dutch bank faces questions on Romania land-grab. In: euobserver.com. November 6, 2015, accessed September 19, 2016 .
  103. ↑ Tom Schoenberg, Jesse Hamilton: Money Laundering Probe at Mexico Border Casts Cloud Over Rabobank. In: Bloomberg . October 26, 2015, accessed September 6, 2016 . Janene Pieters: Rabobank: “Cooperating fully” in drug cartel money laundering investigation. In: nltimes.nl. October 28, 2015, accessed September 6, 2016 . Tom Schoenber: US Said to Look at Rabobank Officials in Mexico Cash Probe. In: Bloomberg. May 5, 2016, accessed September 6, 2016 .
  104. ↑ Ivana Kottasová: European bank caught laundering Mexican drug money. In: CNN Money. February 18, 2018, accessed August 28, 2018 .
  105. ↑ German-language information about research in the agricultural and food sector ( Memento of the original from September 21, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , Accessed on September 7, 2016. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.rabobank.de
  106. ↑ Rabobanks Economic Research website , accessed September 7, 2016.
  107. ↑ Rabobanks Financial Markets Research website , accessed September 7, 2016.
  108. ↑ See Rabobank Group: Annual Report 2015 , pp. 51–85 and pp. 126–151. , accessed on August 31, 2016.
  109. ↑ Rabobank to focus on local sponsoring. In: rabobank.com. December 11, 2015, accessed September 7, 2016 .
  110. ↑ Information on the Rabo Art Collection on the Rabobank website, accessed on September 9, 2016.
  111. ^ Keywords for the Rabo Art Collection on the website of the International Association of Corporate Collections of Contemporary Art (IACCCA), accessed on September 7, 2016.
  112. ↑ Rabobank sponsor of De Nederlandse Bachvereniging. In: bachcomite.nl. January 6, 2011, accessed September 7, 2016 .
  113. ↑ From 1973 to 2002 under the name Stichting Steun Rabobanken , see information on the history of the foundation, accessed on September 7, 2016.
  114. ↑ Rabobank Group: Annual Report 2015 , p. 58 , accessed on August 31, 2016.
  115. ↑ Information about Rabo Development on the Rabobank website, accessed on September 7, 2016.
  116. ↑ List of full members of this association , accessed on September 7, 2016.
  117. ↑ List of regular IRU members ( memento of the original from September 21, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , Accessed on September 7, 2016. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.iru.de
  118. ^ Charles Batchelor: Rabobank joins majors with US move ; in: Financial Times , April 23, 1981. Interview with new Unico Board Member: Wiebe Draijer, Chairman of the Executive Board of Rabobank ( Memento of the original from September 21, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , Unico newsletter, May 2015, accessed on September 7, 2016. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.unicobankinggroup.eu
  119. ↑ Unico website ( Memento of the original from September 21, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , Accessed on September 7, 2016. Rabobank and five other European cooperative banks founded this association. See Johannes M. Groeneveld: The Cooperative Rabobank. Past, Present and Perspectives , 2011, p. 129. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.unicobankinggroup.eu

Coordinates: 52 ° 5 '9.5 "  N , 5 ° 6' 32.7"  E