Swabian prelate bank

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Reich prelate Anselm II. Schwab , abbot of the Salem monastery , had himself portrayed by Gottfried Bernhard Göz in front of an imperial eagle in 1749

The Swabian prelate Bank or the Swabian kingdom prelate College was to represent the kingdom of prelates of the Swabian kingdom circle in the Imperial Council of the Reichstag . The imperial abbesses , who, unlike the prince-bishops and some imperial abbots, had not succeeded in having their own virile vote in the imperial council, won two curiate votes from 1582 , one each for the Swabian (# 95 of the Calling Regulations) and in 1653 for the Rhenish prelate bank ( # 97). As Reich prelates were referred to the provosts , and priors of direct imperial monasteries , Carthusian monasteries , abbeys , cathedral chapter , Kollegiat- and Frauenstift in the Holy Roman Empire , which reports directly to the emperor were under.

history

Some of the wealthiest imperial monasteries were built in the High Middle Ages in the Lake Constance area or in Upper Swabia , where after the dissolution of the Duchy of Swabia, very many cities and monasteries were granted imperial immediacy. The imperial register of 1521 lists a total of 83 imperial prelates, the number of which was reduced to 40 by 1792 through mediatization , secularization , assignments to other European states and elevations to the imperial prince .

The Reichsabtei Salem , which was at the top of the ranking of the Swabian Prelate Bank, only succeeded once, with Anselm II Schwab , as director. The abbot of Kaisheim was represented on both the Rheinische (# 1) and the Swabian Prelate Bank (# 7). With the assignment of the Kaisheim Cistercian Abbey to the Rhenish Prelate Bank, the only two Cistercian male abbeys with prelate rank succeeded in taking the place of honor # 1 on both benches. The contribution of the Kaisheim Abbey of 438 fl. To the Roman months - as well as that of the other Cistercian abbey, Salem, of 429 fl. - was the highest of all prelates on both banks. The two only Cistercian male abbeys paid a price for the directorate privilege, since they had to raise much higher contributions than other orders; the highest contribution from a Benedictine abbey was only half as high. In fact, in the Swabian Reich Prelate College, it was mostly the Benedictines and Premonstratensians who passed the most important positions on to each other and took turns providing the directors of the college. Weingarten Abbey most frequently provided the director.

The Swabian Prelate Bank gained greater political weight than the Rhenish college. Thus, the Swabian kingdom prelates could always send a representative to interständische committees and had the abbot of the Upper Swabian convent Weingarten one since 1555 legally enshrined representatives in Ordinary Reichsdeputationstag . The Swabian prelate bank took the first place among the curiate votes (# 95) in the call order of the Reichsfürstenrat.

The members of the Swabian prelate bank 1792

The abbess of Buchau did not sit on the Swabian, but on the Rhenish prelate bank (# 11), as did the abbot of St. Ulrich and Afra zu Augsburg (# 6) and the commander of the Teutonic Order of Alsace and Burgundy (# 3); the prince abbess of Lindau was included in the imperial register, but was not included in either of the two curiate votes.

Information for 1792

Dissolution of the Swabian prelate bank

With the Reichsdeputationshauptschluss of February 25, 1803, the imperial estates of the Swabian Prelate Bank were secularized in favor of the princes and counts with property on the left bank of the Rhine, which had been annexed by France.

The deposed Westphalian counts could only briefly enjoy sovereignty over the newly won rulers in Upper Swabia. With the Rhine Confederation Act of July 12, 1806, in Art. 24, all territories were added to the Confederation of the Rhine allied with Napoleon:

  • the King of Bavaria received Neresheim and the Burgraviate Winterrieden,
  • the King of Württemberg received Baindt, Buchau, Gutenzell, Heggbach, Isny, Marchtal, Mietingen and Sulmingen, Ochsenhausen, Rot an der Rot, Schussenried, Tannheim, Weingarten (without Hagnau), Weißenau and in Art. 18 the former Altshausen,
  • the Grand Duke of Baden received the rule of Hagnau, which formerly belonged to Weingarten,
  • the Prince of Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen received the rule of Ostrach, which formerly belonged to Salem.

A final correction was made in the border treaty between the Kingdom of Bavaria and the Kingdom of Württemberg, concluded in Paris on May 18, 1810. Bavaria ceded Neresheim, Söflingen and the Tomerdingen office, which formerly belonged to Elchingen, to Württemberg.

literature

Remarks

  1. ^ The imperial immediacy of Kaisheim was controversial until 1757. The district council was also disputed between the Bavarian and the Swabian Imperial Districts until 1759 , so Kaisheim was not assigned to any of the quarters of the Swabian Imperial District; the contributions were taken from the fund. Allocation to the Bavarian Reichskreis is based on the Reichstag resolution of 1532.
  2. ^ Foundation 1137. Filiation from Lützel (Lucelle) - Bellevaux - Morimond . In monastic ownership: Ostrach and Birnau provost . The Landgraviate of Nellenburg had sovereignty over the dominions of Münchhöf and Stetten am kalten Markt .
  3. ^ Foundation around 750. Hirsau Reform Monastery . In monastic ownership: Lords of Hagnau , Hofen , Blumenegg .
  4. ^ Foundation 1093 as the priory of Sankt Blasien . Young Cluniac Reform Monastery (Reform of St. Blasien). Independent abbey since 1391. The Landvogtei Swabia had sovereignty over Untersulmetingen .
  5. ^ Foundation 1128. Hirsau Reform Monastery. The Margraviate of Burgau had sovereignty over shares in Burgauian places owned by the Abbey of Elchingen.
  6. ^ Foundation 1186.
  7. ^ Foundation 1125. Filiation of Prémontré .
  8. ^ Foundation 1133. Filiation from Lützel (Lucelle) - Bellevaux - Morimond . At the state parliaments of Swabian Austria in Ehingen , in addition to the towns, monasteries and aristocratic rule under exclusively Austrian sovereignty, the Kaisheim Abbey for the Oberhausen rulership was represented alongside other estates . The Margraviate of Burgau had sovereignty over shares in Burgauian places owned by the Kaisheim Abbey.
  9. ^ Foundation 1126. Filiation of Ursberg.
  10. ^ Foundation 1137. Filiation of Prémontré.
  11. ^ Foundation 1145. Filiation of Rot an der Rot.
  12. ^ Foundation in 1183 as a provost, since 1440 an abbey. Filiation from Weißenau. At the state parliaments of Swabian Austria in Ehingen, in addition to the towns, monasteries and aristocratic lords under exclusively Austrian sovereignty, the Buchau women's monastery and the Schussenried Abbey for the Bierstetten office were represented alongside other estates . The Landvogtei Swabia had sovereignty over Winterstettendorf .
  13. ^ Foundation 1171, until 1440 Propstei. Filiation of red to red.
  14. ^ Foundation 996. Hirsau Reform Monastery. Since 1581, the Abbey has incorporated the St. Georgen monastery in Stein am Rhein (originally on the Hohentwiel ) and the Klingenzell provost. At the state parliaments of Swabian Austria in Ehingen, in addition to the towns, monasteries and aristocratic lords under exclusively Austrian sovereignty, the Petershausen Abbey for the Hilzingen rule was represented alongside other estates .
  15. ↑ Foundation around 1015. The Margraviate of Burgau had state sovereignty over shares in Burgau locations in the possession of the Propstei Wettenhausen.
  16. ^ Foundation 1089. Hirsau Reform Monastery. Immediately after the empire since 1750.
  17. ^ 8th Century Foundation. Hirsau reform monastery. Without territory.
  18. ^ Foundation 1095. Hirsau Reform Monastery. Immediately after 1764.
  19. ↑ Foundation before 1231. The Margraviate of Burgau had state sovereignty over shares in Burgau locations in the possession of the Heggbach Abbey.
  20. ^ Foundation around 1238.
  21. ^ Foundation 1217/1221.
  22. ^ Foundation 1240. Without territory.
  23. ↑ Foundation 1258, direct from the empire since 1773. The Margraviate of Burgau had sovereignty over shares in Burgau locations owned by the Söflingen Abbey. Although not listed in the Reich register, Söflingen was used in the Swabian Empire for the provision of soldiers.
  24. ^ Foundation around 1096. Hirsau Reform Monastery. The abbot of St. Georgen was also represented on the Rheinische Prälatenbank (# 7). Its imperial immediacy was controversial until 1781.
  25. ^ The lordship of Straßberg, with its seat in the Swabian Imperial Counts College, was owned by the abbess of Buchau
  26. ^ Foundation around 1012. Hirsau Reform Monastery. Until 1644, due to a dispute over imperial estates with the Augsburg bishopric, imperial estates not attended. Although not listed in the registers of the Reich, St. Ulrich and Afra were used in the Swabian Empire to provide soldiers. The Unterliezheim priory belonged to Ortisei and Afra (foundation before 1026 as a Benedictine abbey, abolished in 1540, restoration as a branch of the abbey of Ortisei and Afra in 1655) and the rule of Finningen . For Unterliezheim, which was under Palatinate-Bavarian sovereignty, the Abbot of Ortisei and Afra was a Palatinate-Neuburgian state.
  27. ^ The lordship of Altshausen with its seat in the Swabian Imperial Counts College was in the possession of the Commander of the Alsace and Burgundy Ballei of the Teutonic Order
  28. ^ Foundation 1043. Without territory. Moser, p. 748: "The monastery has nothing to do with the colleges of the imperial prelates. Matriculation 1755 therefore wrong."
  29. ↑ The Lords of Brandis acquired Blumenegg and Vaduz von Werdenberg-Sargans in 1396 , to Count von Sulz in 1532 , and Blumenegg to Weingarten Abbey in 1613.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Gerhard Köbler : Introduction. In: Historical Lexicon of the German States. The German territories from the Middle Ages to the present. 4th, completely revised edition. CH Beck, Munich 1992, ISBN 3-406-35865-9 , p. XIII.