Schwabengau

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Schwabengau
Ostfalen around the year 1000
Schwabengau
Ostfalen around the year 1000

The Schwabengau , also Suebengau or Suavia , was a medieval county in what is now Saxony-Anhalt . It extended east of Quedlinburg to the Saale , so it was separate from the southwest German Duchy of Swabia . The name Suebi referred to all Elbe and East Germanic tribes south of the Mare Suebicum (= the Baltic Sea) in Tacitus ' work Germania , Chapter 38 .

history

In the later Schwabengau in 569 under King Siegbert I. North Suebi and Franconia were settled. According to another opinion, many remained in the original settlement area to the right of the Saale and in the 6th century moved to the north-eastern edge of the Harz before the Slavs. They asserted themselves against the Saxons, who returned home in 573 from a journey to Italy undertaken together with the Longobards .

Eike von Repgow's report from Schwaben am Harz explains the origin of the gentlemen in Saxony as follows: the gentlemen from Anhalt, from Brandenburg, from Orlamünde, Margrave of Meissen, Count of Brehna, Hakeborn, von Gneiz von Müchlen, von Dröbel, von Elsdorf , von Schneidlingen, Vogt Albrecht von Spandau, Schrapen von Gersleben, Anno von Jerdingsdorf, Hermann von Mehringen, Winningens and Seedorf are all Swabians. Other Swabians and Franks follow, but all free lords and lay judges resident in Saxony are born Saxons.

In 927, King Heinrich I took advantage of a long-standing feud between the nobility in Schwabengau and, together with the Halberstadt bishop, intervened in favor of the early Ascanians (named after Aschersleben). His adviser and military leader Thietmar besieged and destroyed Salfurt Castle in such a way that the place (today Bernburg an der Saale) was named "Brandanburg" (the burned castle) afterwards. Thietmar probably received the count's rights in Schwabengau afterwards, because his son Siegfried was demonstrably in possession of them as early as 934. Thietmar died on June 1st, 932.

Count

Counts in Schwabengau were:

The Schwabengau had been the core area of ​​the Ascanians since Esiko and together with the neighboring Gau Serimunt , located between the Saale, Elbe and Mulde , became the nucleus of the later Principality of Anhalt .

Settlements

According to the atlas of the Saale and central Elbe region, the following settlements were in Schwabengau :

Saale

On the Saale border (between the Suebi and the Slavs) were the places (from the south):

Saale hinterland

In the hinterland of the Saale were the villages:

Bode

At the bottom border to Northern Thuringia were (from the bottom mouth in the direction of Bodeknie):

At the bottom border to the Harzgau were (from the Bodeknie to the south):

Rocker

The settlements were in the Wipper area:

A

To the north of the Wipper and on the one were the settlements (upstream):

Selke

On the Selke were (upstream):

Between Bode and Selke

Between Bode and Selke were (from the west):

In the bottom knee

In the area of ​​the Bodeknick were (from the south):

Location unknown

In addition, there are at least the following, as yet unidentified settlements:

Further

The atlas does not include:

  • Lepenitz desert north of Bernburg (Saale)
    • Lepenitz was an old Sorbian settlement and Sorbian capital west of the Saale near Bernburg in the direction of Altenburg. Around the year 1450 the Sorbian residents of Lepenitz were forced to leave their village. They were settled outside the city walls of Bernburg on the opposite, eastern side of the hall below the castle hill in the so-called freedom. In this case, freedom meant that the residents of freedom were free from taxes and services that usually had to be provided by the residents of the castle's restricted area. On the other hand, the Sorbs were liable to pay taxes to the Bernburg Council. From the point of view of the Sorbian population, freedom meant "freedom from land", which was now distributed between German citizens of Bernburg. The files of the church of Lepenitz became part of the Bernburg castle archive.

Landlords

The Canon Liudger von Magdeburg owned the following places around 1050:

  • Queinstete = Quenstedt s. Aschersleben
  • Zobikeri = Zobiker, desolate nö. Quenstedt
  • Smalenbicke = unknown, in the north of the Harz
  • Hartuuigeroht = desertification in the eastern part of Bräunrode sw.Aschersleben
  • Hamecenroht = unknown, in the area north of the Harz
  • Hillimeroht = unknown, in the n. Harz foreland
  • Gerenroht = Gernrode s. Quedlinburg
  • Hansel = Haselnorf, desolate n. Königsaue nw. Aschersleben
  • Reterderoht = Ritterode w. Hettstedt / s. Aschersleben
  • Bruniroht = Bräunrode sw.Aschersleben
  • Poplize = Poplitz, desolate to Sandersleben
  • Brundel = Bründel Gem. Plötzkau ö. Aschersleben an der Saale
  • Winninge = Winningen n. Aschersleben
  • Bornicar = Groß Börnecke nw. Staßfurt
  • Brunistorf = Brunsdorf, desert n. Friedrichsaue nw. Aschersleben
  • Hiloua = unknown, in the n. Harz foreland

After his death, these places went to King Heinrich IV , who gave them to the Archdiocese of Magdeburg on June 21, 1060 .

Web links

Remarks

  1. Little stories from Saxony-Anhalt, Karl Hermann Weck
  2. Little stories from Saxony-Anhalt, Karl Hermann Weck
  3. "Otto I. - RI II, 1 n. 98 941 June 7, Rore gives Sigifrid, who was baptized by him, the son of Margrave Gero, on the last and other count please the new one and what Gero has also been in so far the mark of the villas Egeln (Osteregulun) and Westeregeln in Schwabengau in the county of the same Gero held the royal fiefdom, with the exception of the good “Regesta Imperii RI II, 1 n. 98”, which belongs to Hersfeld ( online ; accessed on November 2, 2016) .
  4. "Otto I. - RI II, 1 n. 192 950 dec. 6, Imanlevu donated to the Marquis Gero in honor of h. Ciriacus built Frohse monastery for the language of his brother Brun and the founder his property in Hebanthorp (unknown ...) in Schwabengau in the county of the same Gero and two families “Regesta Imperii RI II, 1 n. 192 ( online ; accessed on 2 November 2016).
  5. "Otto I. - RI II, 1 n. 114 944 February. 29 ,issenbruka gives the margrave Gero his property in the villa Turtlinga (unknown ...) in his county of Northern Thuringia in exchange for half the mark (dimidiam partem confinii id est marche) of the villa Ritterode in Schwabengau in the county of Thietmars. “Regesta Imperii RI II, 1 n.114 ( online ; accessed November 2, 2016).
  6. Otto Schlüter, Oskar August (ed.) With the participation of numerous experts: Atlas of the Saale and central Elbe region. Verlag Enzyklopädie, Leipzig 1958–1960, map 10.
  7. At the beginning of April 1150 , Emperor Konrad II gave Wischeribe and Uviuelinge (Weferlingen in Lower Saxony, Wolfenbüttel district) as a soul device for himself and his ancestors to the Simonis and Judea collegiate church in the imperial palace of Goslar (see RI IV, 1,2 n.666 In : Regesta Imperii Online, URI: http://www.regesta-imperii.de/id/1150-04-00_1_0_4_1_2_668_666 (accessed on October 27, 2017)). According to the local chronicle and writer Harald Wieschke , a document in the Dessau State Archives, in which a village of Wischleben in Burgward Plötzkau is mentioned in 963 , already refers to Großwirschleben (see Mitteldeutsche Zeitung of August 17, 2007.) This would mean an East Franconian town in evidenced by the time of the Gaugrafschaften, whose area reaches as far as the old Kuhfurtsaale (the Alte Saale until 1164/1247, which formed the old Gaug border to the Slavs).
  8. ^ First mentioned on August 20, 1063 as Adersted in the pagus Sueuio [Schwabengau] of Count Adalbert . see. RI III, 2,3 n. 302: "Heinrich IV. (1063 August 20, Erlangen) Heinrich gives the episcopal church in Halberstadt due to the intervention of the Archbishops Anno of Cologne and Adalbert of Bremen and in view of the faithful service of Bishop Burchard to the im Hof Aderstedt located in Schwabengau in Count Adalbert's county, along with all accessories and all income with the right to freely dispose for the benefit of the church. " In: Regesta Imperii Online, URI: http://www.regesta-imperii.de/id/1063-08-20_2_0_3_2_3_302_302 (accessed on October 24, 2017).
  9. 782 first mentioned as the Frankish royal court. Cf. Otto Schlüter, Oskar August (ed.) With the participation of numerous experts: Atlas of the Saale and central Elbe region. Verlag Enzyklopädie, Leipzig 1958–1960, supplement (part 2), p. 151: "Here was a Franconian royal court named 782."
  10. 1020 (1021) dance miracle; 1035 Market, customs and ban
  11. On June 21, 1060 first mentioned as Brundel in RI III, 2,3 n. 197: Heinrich gives the archbishop's church in Magdeburg due to the intervention of his mother, the Empress Agnes , and at the request of Archbishop Engelhard, the goods he inherited the possession of the Magdeburg canon Liudger at sixteen named locations in the Hosgau in the county of the Margrave Dedi, along with all accessories and all income with the right to freely dispose of them for the benefit of the church. (erroneously used Hosgau instead of Schwabengau). In: Regesta Imperii Online, URI: http://www.regesta-imperii.de/id/1060-06-21_1_0_3_2_3_197_197 (accessed on October 30, 2017). Name forms: Brundel, Brundele, Barundele and Brundal
  12. (first) 965 as Scakendal mentioned
  13. first recorded in June 7, 941 as "Osteregulon" with a new fort by King Otto I, at the ford through the Bode - cf. RI II, 1 n.98 In: Regesta Imperii Online, URI: http://www.regesta-imperii.de/id/0941-06-07_1_0_2_1_1_226_98 (accessed on November 2, 2017).
  14. first recorded in June 7, 941 by King Otto I - cf. RI II, 1 n.98 In: Regesta Imperii Online, URI: http://www.regesta-imperii.de/id/0941-06-07_1_0_2_1_1_226_98 (accessed on November 2, 2017).
  15. RI II, 2 n. 768: first mentioned as Hadisleba in a document of Otto II dated May 10, 978 In: Regesta Imperii Online, URI: http://www.regesta-imperii.de/id/0978-05- 10_1_0_2_2_0_334_768 ( Accessed November 2, 2017)
  16. On November 24, 1050, Heinrich III. he inherited possessions in Adersleben ( Hadeslib ), Egeln and Etgersleben to the monastery of St. Simon and Juda in Goslar . In: [RIplus] Regg. Henry III. n. 256: In: Regesta Imperii Online, URI: http://www.regesta-imperii.de/id/d6cced10-b5d7-4321-ad6d-7beea46f6ebb (accessed on November 2, 2017); MGH DH III. n.256
  17. RI II, 2 n. 768: first mentioned as Rodisdorp in a document of Otto II dated May 10, 978 In: Regesta Imperii Online, URI: http://www.regesta-imperii.de/id/0978-05- 10_1_0_2_2_0_334_768 ( Accessed November 2, 2017).
  18. On June 21, 1060, mentioned as Poplize in RI III, 2,3 n. 197: Heinrich gives the archbishop's church in Magdeburg due to the intervention of his mother, the Empress Agnes, and at the request of Archbishop Engelhard, the goods he inherited the possession of the Magdeburg canon Liudger at sixteen named locations in the Hosgau in the county of the Margrave Dedi, along with all accessories and all income with the right to freely dispose of them for the benefit of the church. (Erroneously used Hosgau instead of Schwabengau) In: Regesta Imperii Online, URI: http://www.regesta-imperii.de/id/1060-06-21_1_0_3_2_3_197_197 (accessed on October 30, 2017).
  19. On June 21, 1060, mentioned as Zobikeri in RI III, 2,3 n. 197: Heinrich gives the archbishop's church in Magdeburg due to the intervention of his mother, the Empress Agnes, as well as at the request of Archbishop Engelhard, the goods he inherited the possession of the Magdeburg canon Liudger at sixteen named locations in the Hosgau in the county of the Margrave Dedi, along with all accessories and all income with the right to freely dispose of them for the benefit of the church. (Erroneously used Hosgau instead of Schwabengau) In: Regesta Imperii Online, URI: http://www.regesta-imperii.de/id/1060-06-21_1_0_3_2_3_197_197 (accessed on October 30, 2017).
  20. The place was mentioned for the first time in 992 as Quenstedi . At that time the place belonged to the Schwabengau, as evidenced by the church seal with the words "Swaven Quenstedti" , which means something like Schwaben Quenstedt . On June 21, 1060, it was mentioned as Queinstete in RI III, 2,3 n.197 : Heinrich donated the goods that he inherited to the Archbishop's Church in Magdeburg due to the intervention of his mother, the Empress Agnes, and at the request of Archbishop Engelhard Property of the Magdeburg Canon Liudger at sixteen named locations in the Hosgau in the county of the Margrave Dedi, including all accessories and all income with the right to freely dispose of them for the benefit of the church. (Erroneously used Hosgau instead of Schwabengau) In: Regesta Imperii Online, URI: http://www.regesta-imperii.de/id/1060-06-21_1_0_3_2_3_197_197 (accessed on October 30, 2017).
  21. On June 21, 1060, mentioned as Reterderoht in RI III, 2,3 n. 197: Heinrich gives the archbishop's church in Magdeburg due to the intervention of his mother, the Empress Agnes, and at the request of Archbishop Engelhard, the goods he inherited the possession of the Magdeburg canon Liudger at sixteen named locations in the Hosgau in the county of the Margrave Dedi, along with all accessories and all income with the right to freely dispose of them for the benefit of the church. (Erroneously used Hosgau instead of Schwabengau) In: Regesta Imperii Online, URI: http://www.regesta-imperii.de/id/1060-06-21_1_0_3_2_3_197_197 (accessed on October 30, 2017).
  22. On June 21, 1060 first mentioned as Bruniroht in RI III, 2,3 n. 197: Heinrich gives the archbishop's church in Magdeburg due to the intervention of his mother, the Empress Agnes, as well as at the request of Archbishop Engelhard, the goods he inherited the possession of the Magdeburg canon Liudger at sixteen named locations in the Hosgau in the county of the Margrave Dedi, along with all accessories and all income with the right to freely dispose of them for the benefit of the church. (Erroneously used Hosgau instead of Schwabengau) In: Regesta Imperii Online, URI: http://www.regesta-imperii.de/id/1060-06-21_1_0_3_2_3_197_197 (accessed on October 30, 2017).
  23. On June 21, 1060, mentioned as Hartuuigeroht in RI III, 2,3 n.197 : Heinrich gives the archbishop's church in Magdeburg due to the intervention of his mother, the Empress Agnes, as well as at the request of Archbishop Engelhard, the goods he inherited the possession of the Magdeburg canon Liudger at sixteen named locations in the Hosgau in the county of the Margrave Dedi, along with all accessories and all income with the right to freely dispose of them for the benefit of the church. (Erroneously used Hosgau instead of Schwabengau) In: Regesta Imperii Online, URI: http://www.regesta-imperii.de/id/1060-06-21_1_0_3_2_3_197_197 (accessed on October 30, 2017).
  24. ↑ In 959 Margrave Gero founded the women's monastery in Gernrode in his castle Geronisroth ( confirmed by King Otto I on July 17, 961 ). see. The documents Konrad I, Heinrich I and Otto I. Edited by Theodor Sickel. Monumenta Germaniae Historica . The documents of the German kings and emperors. 1. Hahn, Hanover 1879–1884, unaltered reprint Munich 1997, ISBN 3-921575-60-5 , p. 313 f. No. 229. Online edition - here the clearing site Geronrod is mentioned for the first time next to the monastery and the Geronisroth castle . On June 21, 1060, mentioned as Gerenroht in RI III, 2,3 n.197 : Heinrich donates the goods that he inherited to the Archbishop's Church in Magdeburg due to the intervention of his mother, the Empress Agnes, and at the request of Archbishop Engelhard Property of the Magdeburg Canon Liudger at sixteen named locations in the Hosgau in the county of the Margrave Dedi, including all accessories and all income with the right to freely dispose of them for the benefit of the church. (Erroneously used Hosgau instead of Schwabengau) In: Regesta Imperii Online, URI: http://www.regesta-imperii.de/id/1060-06-21_1_0_3_2_3_197_197 (accessed on October 30, 2017).
  25. 961 mentioned for the first time in a document from King Otto II as "Bedeburn"
  26. 964 first mention. Mentioned on June 21, 1060 as Winninge = Winningen ( after Aschersleben) in RI III, 2,3 n.197: Heinrich donates the to the Archbishop's Church in Magdeburg due to the intervention of his mother, the Empress Agnes, and at the request of Archbishop Engelhard Inheritance to him from the possessions of the Magdeburg canon Liudger at sixteen named locations in the Hosgau in the county of Margrave Dedi, together with all accessories and all income with the right to freely dispose of them for the benefit of the church. (Erroneously used Hosgau instead of Schwabengau) In: Regesta Imperii Online, URI: http://www.regesta-imperii.de/id/1060-06-21_1_0_3_2_3_197_197 (accessed on October 30, 2017). First church building around 1145.
  27. On June 21, 1060, mentioned as Hansel = Haselnorf (wüst n. Königsaue nw. Aschersleben) in RI III, 2,3 n. 197: Heinrich gives the archbishop's church in Magdeburg due to the intervention of his mother, the Empress Agnes, as well Ask Archbishop Engelhards to inherit the property from the Magdeburg canon Liudger at sixteen named locations in the Hosgau in the county of Margrave Dedi, including all accessories and income, with the right to freely dispose of them for the benefit of the church. (Erroneously used Hosgau instead of Schwabengau) In: Regesta Imperii Online, URI: http://www.regesta-imperii.de/id/1060-06-21_1_0_3_2_3_197_197 (accessed on October 30, 2017).
  28. On June 21, 1060, mentioned as Brunistorf = Brunsdorf (wüst n. Friedrichsaue nw. Aschersleben) in RI III, 2,3 n. 197: Heinrich gives the archbishop's church in Magdeburg due to the intervention of his mother, the Empress Agnes, as well Ask Archbishop Engelhards to inherit the property from the Magdeburg canon Liudger at sixteen named locations in the Hosgau in the county of Margrave Dedi, including all accessories and income, with the right to freely dispose of them for the benefit of the church. (Erroneously used Hosgau instead of Schwabengau) In: Regesta Imperii Online, URI: http://www.regesta-imperii.de/id/1060-06-21_1_0_3_2_3_197_197 (accessed on October 30, 2017).
  29. First mentioned on April 1, 1006 (Emperor Heinrich II donated two Hufen Acker in Burnacherum to his chaplain Dietrich Rodensleben) Forms of name: Bornicar, Bornikere, Börneker and ultimately Börnecke. On June 21, 1060, it was mentioned as Bornicar in RI III, 2,3 n.197 : Heinrich gave the archbishop's church in Magdeburg due to the intervention of his mother, the Empress Agnes, as well as at the request of Archbishop Engelhard, the goods he inherited from the Property of the Magdeburg Canon Liudger at sixteen named locations in the Hosgau in the county of the Margrave Dedi, including all accessories and all income with the right to freely dispose of them for the benefit of the church. (Erroneously used Hosgau instead of Schwabengau) In: Regesta Imperii Online, URI: http://www.regesta-imperii.de/id/1060-06-21_1_0_3_2_3_197_197 (accessed on October 30, 2017).
  30. first mentioned in a document in 941
  31. Donated to the Archdiocese of Magdeburg on June 21, 1060. see. RI III, 2,3 n.197, in: Regesta Imperii Online, URI: http://www.regesta-imperii.de/id/1060-06-21_1_0_3_2_3_197_197 (accessed October 30, 2017).
  32. Donated to the Archdiocese of Magdeburg on June 21, 1060. see. RI III, 2,3 n.197, in: Regesta Imperii Online, URI: http://www.regesta-imperii.de/id/1060-06-21_1_0_3_2_3_197_197 (accessed October 30, 2017).
  33. Donated to the Archdiocese of Magdeburg on June 21, 1060. see. RI III, 2,3 n.197, in: Regesta Imperii Online, URI: http://www.regesta-imperii.de/id/1060-06-21_1_0_3_2_3_197_197 (accessed October 30, 2017).
  34. Donated to the Archdiocese of Magdeburg on June 21, 1060. see. RI III, 2,3 n.197, in: Regesta Imperii Online, URI: http://www.regesta-imperii.de/id/1060-06-21_1_0_3_2_3_197_197 (accessed October 30, 2017).
  35. RI III, 2, 3 n.197.