U 83 (Navy)
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U 83 (Kriegsmarine) ( previous / next - all submarines ) |
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| Type : | VII B |
| Field Post Number : | M 32 441 |
| Shipyard: | Flender-Werke , Lübeck |
| Construction contract: | June 9, 1938 |
| Build number: | 291 |
| Keel laying: | October 5, 1939 |
| Launch: | December 9, 1940 |
| Commissioning: | February 8, 1941 |
| Commanders: |
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| Flotilla: |
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| Calls: | 11 activities |
| Sinkings: |
6 ships (8516 GRT) |
| Whereabouts: | Sunk on March 4, 1943 in the Mediterranean south-east of Cartagena |
U 83 was a German submarine of type VII B , which in World War II by the German navy was used.
history
The order for the boat was placed on June 9, 1938 by the Flender works in Lübeck . The keel was laid on October 5, 1939, the launch on December 9, 1940. The commissioning under Oberleutnant zur See Hans Kraus finally took place on February 8, 1941. Like most German submarines of its time, the U 83 also had a boat-specific logo on the submarine tower : a Viking boat with a wind-blown red and white striped sail. It was the coat of arms of Kampfgeschwader 100 .
After its commissioning on February 8, 1941 until December 31, 1941, the boat belonged to the 1st U-Flotilla in Kiel and Brest as a training and front boat . Used in the Mediterranean from January 1, 1942 , it was only used as a front boat for the 23rd U-Flotilla in Salamis until April 30, 1942 and then from May 1, 1942 to its sinking on March 4, 1943 as a front boat for the 29 U-flotilla to La Spezia .
Use statistics
U 83 completed eleven operations during its service, on which six ships with a total tonnage of 8,516 GRT were sunk and two with a total tonnage of 9,336 GRT were damaged.
First venture
The boat left Kiel on July 26, 1941 at 5:00 a.m. and entered Brest on September 9, 1941 at 10:45 a.m. U 83 entered Kristiansand on July 28, 1941 to supplement it and left again on July 29, 1941. No ships were sunk or damaged on this 45-day and approximately 7,800-nm-long expedition in the North Atlantic west of the North Channel and south-west of Ireland .
Second venture
The boat left Brest on September 28, 1941 at 11:00 a.m. and returned there on October 31, 1941 at 4:30 p.m. On this 34-day and approximately 6,000 nm long journey into the North Atlantic west of Gibraltar and off Cape Spartel, a ship with 2,044 GRT was sunk and a ship with 6,746 GRT was damaged.
- October 12, 1941: sinking of the Portuguese steamer Corte Real with 2,044 GRT. The steamer was sunk by two torpedoes . He had loaded machine parts , clocks , cork and chemicals and was on his way from Lisbon to New York . There were no casualties, 32 survivors.
- October 26, 1941: Damage to the British steamer Ariguani with 6,746 GRT. The steamer was damaged by a torpedo. The ship belonged to convoy HG-75.
Third company
The boat left Brest on December 11, 1941 at 12:45 p.m. and entered Salmais on December 30, 1941. U 83 entered Messina on December 23, 1941 to supplement it and left again on December 25, 1941. No ships were sunk or damaged on this 18-day and 3,253 nm long undertaking, in which the breakthrough through the Strait of Gibraltar was achieved and operations in the eastern Mediterranean.
Fourth venture
The boat left Salamis on February 12, 1942 at 4:30 p.m. and returned there on February 24, 1942 at 8:32 a.m. No ships were sunk or damaged during this twelve-day and approximately 2,500-nm-long expedition into the eastern Mediterranean and off Alexandria .
Fifth venture
The boat left Salamis on March 10, 1942 at 5:06 p.m. and returned there on March 21, 1942 at 10:35 a.m. A ship with 2,590 GRT was damaged on this eleven-day and approximately 1,900 nm long expedition in the eastern Mediterranean.
- March 17, 1942: Damage to the British motor ship Crista with 2,590 GRT. The ship was damaged by a torpedo. It had oil loaded and was on its way from Alexandria to Tobruk . There were no casualties, 39 survivors.
U 83 moved from Salamis to La Spezia on March 24, 1942, entering and leaving Patras on March 24, and then entering and leaving Messina on March 26, 1941.
Sixth venture
The boat left La Spezia on May 4, 1942 at 5:00 p.m. and entered Salamis on May 30, 1942 at 7:46 a.m. U 83 had to enter Messina on May 6, 1942 because of problems with the screw, from where it left again on May 7, 1942. No ships were sunk or damaged during this 22-day and approx. 3,200 nm above and 794 nm underwater expedition into the eastern Mediterranean.
Seventh venture
The boat left Salamis on June 4, 1942 at 5:21 p.m. and entered La Spezia on June 20, 1942 at 7:30 a.m. U 83 entered Messina on June 18, 1942 and left again on the same day. On this 15-day and approx. 3,000 nm over and 358 nm underwater venture into the eastern Mediterranean, a ship with 231 GRT and three sailing ships with a total of 366 GRT were sunk. On June 15, 1942, the seven-man crew of a German Dornier Do 24 flying boat was rescued.
- June 8, 1942: sinking of the Egyptian steamer Said with 231 GRT. The steamer was sunk by five rounds of artillery . He had loaded 60 tons of general cargo and was on the way from Mersin to Alexandria. There were five dead and nine survivors.
- June 8, 1942: sinking of the Palestinian sailing ship Esther with 100 GRT. The sailor was sunk by artillery. He had loaded beans and vegetables and was on his way to Limasol in Cyprus . It was a total loss.
- June 9, 1942: sinking of the Palestinian sailing ship Typhoon with 175 GRT. The sailor was sunk by artillery. He had loaded lumber and was on the way from Mersin (Turkey) via Beirut to Haifa . There were no losses.
- June 13, 1942: sinking of the British sailing ship Farouk ( Lage ) with 91 GRT. The sailor was sunk by artillery. He had ammunition loaded and was on his way to Tripoli . There were no casualties and ten survivors.
Eighth venture
The boat left La Spezia on August 6, 1942 at 5:05 p.m. and entered Salamis on August 20, 1942 at 11:30 p.m. U 83 entered Messina on August 8, 1942 for additions and repairs and left again on the same day. On this 15-day expedition into the eastern Mediterranean and off Port Said , a ship with 5,875 GRT was sunk.
- August 17, 1942: sinking of the Canadian steamer Princess Marguerite ( Lage ) with 5,875 GRT. The steamer was sunk by two torpedoes. He had 998 soldiers on board and was on his way from Port Said to Famagusta . Five crew members and 44 soldiers were killed and 120 crew members and 954 soldiers were rescued.
U 83 left for transfer to La Spezia on August 31, 1942 and arrived there on September 4, 1942. On August 31, 1942, the boat entered Patras and left again on the same day, entered Messina on September 1, 1942 and left again on September 2, 1942.
Ninth venture
The boat left La Spezia on November 21, 1942 at 12:18 a.m. and returned there on December 17, 1942 at 12:17 p.m. No ships were sunk or damaged during this 28-day and approximately 3,300 nm above and 386 nm underwater venture into the western Mediterranean off Mallorca .
Tenth venture
The boat left La Spezia on January 12, 1943 at 4:34 p.m. and returned there on January 31, 1943 at 10:00 a.m. No ships were sunk or damaged during this 19-day and approx. 1,600 nm over and 470 nm underwater expedition into the western Mediterranean off Algiers .
Eleventh venture
The boat left La Spezia on March 1, 1943 at 4:15 p.m. and was sunk on March 4, 1943. No ships were sunk or damaged on this three-day venture into the western Mediterranean.
Whereabouts
On March 4, 1943, U 83 in the Mediterranean southeast of Cartagena by six water bombs a British PBO Hudson V (Sgt. Jacimov) of the squadron 500 on the position of 37 ° 10 ' N , 0 ° 5' O submerged marine-grid square CH 8153 . All 50 crew members were killed.
U 83 did not lose any crew members during its service life prior to the sinking.
literature
- Clay Blair : The Submarine War. Volume 1: The Hunters. 1939-1942. Heyne, Munich 1998, ISBN 3-453-12345-X .
- Clay Blair: The Submarine War. Volume 2: The Hunted, 1942–1945. Heyne, Munich 1998, ISBN 3-453-16059-2 .
- Rainer Busch, Hans-Joachim Röll: The submarine war 1939-1945. Volume 1: The German submarine commanders. ES Mittler und Sohn, Hamburg et al. 1996, ISBN 3-8132-0490-1 .
- Rainer Busch, Hans-Joachim Röll: The submarine war 1939-1945. Volume 2: U-boat construction in German shipyards. ES Mittler und Sohn, Hamburg et al. 1997, ISBN 3-8132-0512-6 .
- Rainer Busch, Hans-Joachim Röll: The submarine war 1939-1945. Volume 3: German submarine successes from September 1939 to May 1945. ES Mittler und Sohn, Hamburg et al. 2001, ISBN 3-8132-0513-4 .
- Rainer Busch, Hans-Joachim Röll: The submarine war 1939-1945. Volume 4: German submarine losses from September 1939 to May 1945. ES Mittler und Sohn, Hamburg et al. 1999, ISBN 3-8132-0514-2 .
- Rainer Busch, Hans-Joachim Röll: The submarine war 1939-1945. Volume 5: The knight's cross bearers of the submarine weapon from September 1939 to May 1945. ES Mittler and Son, Hamburg et al. 2003, ISBN 3-8132-0515-0 .
- Erich Gröner : Die Handelsflotten der Welt 1942 and supplement 1944. JF Lehmanns Verlag, Munich 1976, ISBN 3-469-00552-4 (reprint of the 1942–1943 edition).
- Erich Gröner: Search list for ship names (= The merchant fleets of the world. Supplementary volume). JF Lehmanns Verlag Munich 1976, ISBN 3-469-00553-2 (reprint of the 1943 edition).
- Paul Kemp: The German and Austrian submarine losses in both world wars. Urbes Verlag, Graefelfing before Munich 1998, ISBN 3-924896-43-7 .
See also
Individual evidence
- ^ Georg Högel: Emblems, coats of arms, Malings German submarines 1939-1945. 5th edition. Koehlers Verlagsgesellschaft mbH, Hamburg 2009, ISBN 978-3-7822-1002-7 , page 52
Map with all coordinates: