U 100 (Navy)

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U 100 (Kriegsmarine)
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U100.jpg
Type : VII B
Field Post Number : M 01 800
Shipyard: Krupp Germania shipyard in Kiel
Construction contract: December 15, 1937
Build number: 595
Keel laying: May 22, 1939
Launch: April 10, 1940
Commissioning: May 30, 1940
Commanders:

May 30, 1940 - March 17, 1941
Lieutenant Joachim Schepke

Calls: 6 patrols
Sinkings:

26 merchant ships (137,819 GRT)

Whereabouts: Sunk in the North Atlantic on March 17, 1941 (38 dead, 6 prisoners of war)

U 100 was a German submarine from Type VII B , which in World War II by the German navy was used. During its six patrols it sank 26 merchant ships with a total of 137,819 GRT, whereby a total of 384 seamen died. On March 17, 1941, the submarine was sunk in the North Atlantic by a ram blow from the British destroyer HMS Vanoc (H33) . Of the 44 crew members, 38 died while only six survived and were taken prisoner by the British .

history

The order for the boat was awarded to the Germania shipyard in Kiel on December 15, 1937 . The keel was laid on May 11, 1939 and launched on April 10, 1940. On May 30, 1940, it was put into service under Lieutenant Joachim Schepke . He kept command of U 100 until it sank on March 17, 1941

U 100 belonged to the 7th U-Flotilla in Kiel as a training boat until August 1, 1940 . After that it was assigned to the 7th U-Flotilla in St. Nazaire as a front boat . The tower coat of arms consisted of a drawn black panther.

During its service, the U 100 undertook six patrols , during which 26 ships with 137,819 GRT were sunk and three ships with 15,111 GRT were damaged.

Joachim Schepke was one of the most successful German submarine commanders of the Second World War, although he achieved all his successes in the so-called "happy time" of the submarine war , when the allied forces' anti-submarine measures were not yet far were developed.

Use statistics

First patrol

The boat was launched on 9 August 1940 at 16.00 from Kiel, and expired on September 1, 1940 at 18:50 in Lorient one. On this 23-day, 3,888 nm above and 161 nm underwater undertaking in the North Atlantic and the North Canal , six ships with 25,812 GRT were sunk and one ship with 5,498 GRT was damaged.

  • August 16, 1940: sinking of the British motor ship Empire Merchant ( Lage ) with 4,864 GRT. The ship was sunk by two torpedoes . It had 200 tons of general cargo , mail and eight passengers on board and was on the way from Avonmouth to Kingston . The ship belonged to convoy OA-198 with twelve ships. There were seven dead and 48 survivors.
  • August 25, 1940: sinking of the British steamer Jamaica Pioneer ( location ) with 5,471 GRT. The steamer was sunk by a torpedo. He had loaded 1,900 tons of bananas and was on the way from Kingston (Jamaica) to Avonmouth. There were two dead and 55 survivors.
  • August 29, 1940: Damage to the British steamer Hartismere with 5,498 GRT. The steamer was damaged by a torpedo. He was in ballast and was en route from Kingston upon Hull to Three Rivers . The ship belonged to convoy OA-204 with 43 ships.
  • August 29, 1940: sinking of the British steamer Dalblair ( Lage ) with 4,608 GRT. The steamer was sunk by a torpedo. He was ballasted and on his way from Tyne to Philadelphia . The ship belonged to convoy OA-204 with 43 ships. There were four dead and 37 survivors.
  • August 29, 1940: sinking of the British steamer Astra II ( Lage ) with 2,393 GRT. The steamer was sunk by a torpedo. He was in ballast and was on his way from Tyne to Rimouski . The ship belonged to convoy OA-204 with 43 ships. There were five dead and 20 survivors.
  • August 29, 1940: sinking of the Swedish steamer Alida Gorthon ( Lage ) with 2,373 GRT. The steamer was sunk by a torpedo. He was in ballast and was on his way from London to St. John's . The ship was a straggler of convoy OA-204 with 43 ships. There were eleven dead and 13 survivors. The ship had 20 Dalblair survivors on board , 20 of whom died.
  • August 29, 1940: sinking of the British steamer Empire Moose ( Lage ) with 6,103 GRT. The steamer was sunk by a torpedo. He was ballasted and on his way from Kingston upon Hull to Port Sulfur . The ship was a straggler of convoy OA-204 with 43 ships. There were no casualties, 36 survivors.

Second patrol

The boat left Lorient on September 11, 1940 at 1:00 p.m., and returned there on September 25, 1940 at 10:45 a.m. On this 14-day and 3,074 nm above and 34 nm underwater expedition in the North Atlantic and west of the North Channel and Ireland , seven ships with 50,340 GRT were sunk.

  • September 21, 1940: sinking of the British steamer Canonesa ( Lage ) with 8,286 GRT. The steamer was sunk by a torpedo. He had loaded 7,265 tons of frozen meat, 2,258 tons of bacon , 955 tons of cheese , 250 tons of ham and 379 tons of fish and was on his way from Montreal via Halifax to Liverpool . The ship was part of the HX-72 convoy with 47 ships. There was one dead and 62 survivors.
  • September 21, 1940: sinking of the British tanker Torinia ( Lage ) with 10,364 GRT. The tanker was sunk by a torpedo. He had loaded 13,815 tons of fuel and was on the way from Curaçao to Clyde. The ship was part of the HX-72 convoy with 47 ships. There were no casualties, 55 survivors.
  • September 21, 1940: sinking of the British steamer Dalcairn ( Lage ) with 4,608 GRT. The steamer was sunk by a torpedo. He had loaded 8,000 tons of wheat and was on the way from Montreal via Halifax (Nova Scotia) to Hull. The ship was part of the HX-72 convoy with 47 ships. There were no casualties, 48 ​​survivors.
  • September 22, 1940: sinking of the British steamer Empire Airman ( Lage ) with 6,586 GRT. The steamer was sunk by a torpedo. He had loaded 17,900 tons of iron ore and was on the way from Wabana (Conception Bay) via Halifax (Nova Scotia) to Cardiff . The ship was part of the HX-72 convoy with 47 ships. There were 33 dead and four survivors.
  • September 22, 1940: sinking of the British steamer Scholar ( Lage ) with 3,940 GRT. The steamer was sunk by a torpedo. He had loaded 5,484 bales of cotton, 2,023 tonnes of steel , pulp and lumber and was on the way from Galveston via Halifax (Nova Scotia) to Manchester . The ship was part of the HX-72 convoy with 47 ships. There were no casualties, 46 survivors.
  • September 22, 1940: Sinking of the British tanker Frederick S. Fales ( Lage ) with 10,525 GRT. The tanker was sunk by two torpedoes. He had loaded 13,849 t of fuel and was on the way from Curaçao via Halifax (Nova Scotia) to Clyde. The ship was part of the HX-72 convoy with 47 ships. There were ten dead and 32 survivors.
  • September 22, 1940: sinking of the Norwegian steamer Simla ( Lage ) with 6,031 GRT. The steamer was sunk by a torpedo. He had loaded 4,129 tons of scrap iron and 3,970 tons of steel and was on the way from Philadelphia to tea . The ship was part of the HX-72 convoy with 47 ships. There were five dead.

Third patrol

The boat left Lorient on October 12, 1940 at 2:00 p.m. and returned there on October 23, 1940 at 11:20 a.m. On this eleven-day and 2,610 nm above and 25 nm underwater expedition in the North Atlantic and west of the North Channel and Ireland, three ships with 19,900 GRT were sunk and three ships with 11,731 GRT were damaged.

  • October 18, 1940: Damage to the British steamer Shekatika with 5,458 GRT. The steamer was damaged by a torpedo. The ship was a straggler of Convoy SC-7 with 35 ships. It was sunk by U 123 on October 19, 1940 .
  • October 18, 1940: Damage to the Dutch steamer Boekelo with 2,118 GRT. The steamer was damaged by a torpedo. The ship was a straggler of Convoy SC-7 with 35 ships. It was sunk by U 123 on October 19, 1940 .
  • October 19, 1940: Damage to the British steamer Blairspey with 4,155 GRT. The steamer was damaged by two torpedoes. He had wood loaded and was on his way from Rimouski to Grangemouth . The ship was a straggler of Convoy SC-7 with 35 ships. The ship entered Kames Bay on October 25, 1940.
  • October 20, 1940: Sinking of the British tanker Caprella ( Lage ) with 8,230 GRT. The tanker was sunk by a torpedo. He had loaded 11,300 tons of heating oil and was on his way from Curacao to the River Mersey . The ship belonged to convoy HX-79 with 49 ships. There was one dead and 52 survivors.
  • October 20, 1940: Sinking of the British tanker Sitala ( Lage ) with 6,218 GRT. The tanker was sunk by a torpedo. He had loaded 8,444 tons of crude oil and was on his way from Curacao to Manchester. The ship belonged to convoy HX-79 with 49 ships. There was one dead and 43 survivors.
  • October 20, 1940: sinking of the British steamer Loch Lomond ( Lage ) with 5,452 GRT. The steamer was sunk by a torpedo and artillery . He had loaded 6,000 t of lumber and 1,858 t of steel and was on the way from Montreal via Halifax (Nova Scotia) to Immingham . The ship was a straggler of Convoy HX-79 with 49 ships. There was one dead and 39 survivors.

Fourth patrol

The boat left Lorient on November 7, 1940 at 11:30 a.m., and returned there on November 27, 1940 at 3:30 p.m. Seven ships with 24,601 GRT were sunk on this 20-day and 3,046 nm above and 115 nm underwater expedition in the North Atlantic and west of the North Channel and Ireland.

  • November 23, 1940: sinking of the British steamer Justitia ( Lage ) with 4,562 GRT. The steamer was sunk by a torpedo. He had loaded 5,161 t of lumber and 2,248 t of steel and was on the way from Savannah via Sydney (Nova Scotia) to London. The ship belonged to convoy SC-11 with 33 ships. There were 13 dead and 26 survivors.
  • November 23, 1940: sinking of the Dutch steamer Ootmarsum with 3,628 GRT. The steamer was sunk by a torpedo. He had iron ore loaded and was on his way to Newport . The ship belonged to convoy SC-11 with 33 ships. It was a total loss with 25 dead.
  • November 23, 1940: sinking of the British steamer Bradfyne ( Lage ) with 4,740 GRT. The steamer was sunk by a torpedo. He had loaded 7,900 tons of grain and was on the way from Montreal via Sydney (Nova Scotia) to Belfast. The ship belonged to convoy SC-11 with 33 ships. There were 39 dead and four survivors.
  • November 23, 1940: sinking of the Norwegian steamer Bruse ( Lage ) with 2,205 GRT. The steamer was sunk by a torpedo. He had loaded 1,550 tons of lumber and was on his way from Nelson to Ipswich . The ship belonged to convoy SC-11 with 33 ships. There were 16 dead and six survivors.
  • November 23, 1940: sinking of the Norwegian steamer Salonica ( Lage ) with 2,694 GRT. The steamer was sunk by a torpedo. He had loaded 3,400 tons of wood and was on the way from Pugwash to the Tyne . The ship belonged to convoy SC-11 with 33 ships. There were nine dead and seven survivors.
  • November 23, 1940: sinking of the British motor ship Leise Maersk ( Lage ) with 3,136 GRT. The ship was sunk by a torpedo. It had loaded 4,500 tons of grain and general cargo and was on the way from Three Rivers via Sydney (Nova Scotia) to Sharpness . The ship belonged to convoy SC-11 with 33 ships. There were 17 dead and seven survivors.
  • November 23, 1940: sinking of the Dutch steamer Bussum ( Lage ) with 3,636 GRT. The steamer was sunk by a torpedo. He had loaded 5,200 tons of grain and was on the way from Montreal to Belfast. The ship belonged to convoy SC-11 with 33 ships. There were no casualties, 29 survivors.

Fifth patrol

The boat left Lorient on December 2, 1940 at 5:30 p.m. and entered Kiel on January 1, 1941. On this 26-day, 4,042 nm above and 182 nm underwater expedition in the North Atlantic and west of Ireland, three ships with 17,166 GRT were sunk.

  • December 14, 1940: sinking of the British steamer Kyleglen ( Lage ) with 3,670 GRT. The steamer was sunk by two torpedoes. It was ballasted and on its way from Middlesbrough and Oban to Baltimore . The ship belonged to convoy OB-256 with 30 ships. It was a total loss with 36 dead.
  • December 14, 1940: sinking of the British steamer Euphorbia with 3,380 GRT. The steamer was sunk by two torpedoes. He had loaded 3,837 tons of coal and was on the way from Swansea and Milford Haven to Lynn ( Massachusetts ). The ship belonged to convoy OB-256 with 30 ships. It was a total loss with 34 dead.
  • December 18, 1940: sinking of the British steamer Napier Star ( Lage ) with 10,116 GRT. The steamer was sunk by two torpedoes. It had 17 passengers and 8,200 tons of general cargo on board and was on its way from Liverpool via Panama to New Zealand . There were 84 dead and 15 survivors.

Sixth patrol

The boat left Kiel on March 9, 1941 and was sunk on March 17, 1941. No ships were sunk or damaged on this eight-day expedition to the North Atlantic, southeast of Iceland .

Whereabouts

On the night of March 16-17, 1941, U 100 attempted to attack convoy HX-112 southwest of Iceland . The British destroyers HMS Walker and HMS Vanoc forced it to dive and dropped depth charges. U 100 was badly damaged. Schepke showed up and wanted to escape on the surface in bad weather. But the HMS Vanoc located the boat with radar and rammed it. Schepke was trapped between the bulwark of the tower and the periscope base and killed. Shortly thereafter, the boat sank at position 61 ° 4 ′  N , 11 ° 30 ′  W in marine grid reference AE 8986. There were 38 dead and six survivors taken on board as prisoners of war by the British destroyer HMS Vanoc , including one officer.

U 100 was the very first submarine that was successfully located by radar and then sunk.

literature

  • Clay Blair : The Submarine War. Volume 1: The Hunters. 1939-1942. Heyne, Munich 1998, ISBN 3-453-12345-X .
  • Clay Blair: The Submarine War. Volume 2: The Hunted, 1942–1945. Heyne, Munich 1998, ISBN 3-453-16059-2 .
  • Robert M. Browning Jr .: US Merchant Vessel War casualties of World War II. Naval Institute Press, Annapolis MD 1996, ISBN 1-55750-087-8 .
  • Rainer Busch, Hans-Joachim Röll: The submarine war 1939-1945. Volume 1: The German submarine commanders. ES Mittler und Sohn, Hamburg et al. 1996, ISBN 3-8132-0490-1 .
  • Rainer Busch, Hans-Joachim Röll: The submarine war 1939-1945. Volume 2: U-boat construction in German shipyards. ES Mittler und Sohn, Hamburg et al. 1997, ISBN 3-8132-0512-6 .
  • Rainer Busch, Hans-Joachim Röll: The submarine war 1939-1945. Volume 3: German submarine successes from September 1939 to May 1945. ES Mittler und Sohn, Hamburg et al. 2001, ISBN 3-8132-0513-4 .
  • Rainer Busch, Hans-Joachim Röll: The submarine war 1939-1945. Volume 4: German submarine losses from September 1939 to May 1945. ES Mittler und Sohn, Hamburg et al. 1999, ISBN 3-8132-0514-2 .
  • Rainer Busch, Hans-Joachim Röll: The submarine war 1939-1945. Volume 5: The knight's cross bearers of the submarine weapon from September 1939 to May 1945. ES Mittler and Son, Hamburg et al. 2003, ISBN 3-8132-0515-0 .
  • Franz Guide (Ed.): Lieutenant Schepke tells. With a foreword from Grand Admiral Dönitz. Wilhelm Köhler, Minden 1943.
  • Erich Gröner : Die Handelsflotten der Welt 1942 and supplement 1944. JF Lehmanns Verlag, Munich 1976, ISBN 3-469-00552-4 (reprint of the 1942–1943 edition).
  • Erich Gröner: Search list for ship names (= The merchant fleets of the world. Supplementary volume). JF Lehmanns Verlag Munich 1976, ISBN 3-469-00553-2 (reprint of the 1943 edition).
  • Georg Högel: Emblems, coats of arms, Maling's German submarines 1939–1945. 4th edition. Koehlers Verlagsgesellschaft mbH, Hamburg 2001, ISBN 3-7822-0826-9 .
  • Paul Kemp: The German and Austrian submarine losses in both world wars. Urbes Verlag, Graefelfing before Munich 1998, ISBN 3-924896-43-7 .
  • Joachim Schepke: Today's submarine driver. Narrated and drawn by a submarine commander. German publisher, Berlin 1940.
  • Alan J. Tennent: British and Commonwealth Merchant Ship Losses. To Axis Submarines 1939-1945. Sutton Publishing Limited, Stroud 2001, ISBN 0-7509-2760-7 .

See also

Web links