Żytkiejmy
| Żytkiejmy | |||
|---|---|---|---|
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| Basic data | |||
| State : | Poland | ||
| Voivodeship : | Warmia-Masuria | ||
| Powiat : | Gołdap | ||
| Gmina : | Dubeninki | ||
| Geographic location : | 54 ° 21 ' N , 22 ° 41' E | ||
| Residents : | 907 (2006) | ||
| Postal code : | 19-505 | ||
| Telephone code : | (+48) 87 | ||
| License plate : | NGO | ||
| Economy and Transport | |||
| Street : | Ext. 651 : Gołdap ↔ Sejny | ||
| Rail route : | no rail connection | ||
Żytkiejmy [ ʒɨtˈkʲejmɨ ] ( German until 1936 Szittkehmen , 1936–1938 Schittkehmen , 1938–1945 fortified churches , Lithuanian Žydkiemis , Russian Saslonowo ) is a place in the municipality of Dubeninki in northeastern Poland in the Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship .
Żytkiejmy is the most important place for tourism in the local recreation and hunting area Rominter Heide . The village with around 1000 inhabitants is located two kilometers south of the border with the Russian Oblast Kaliningrad and belongs to the powiat Gołdapski . Provincial road 651 runs through the village .
history
Ytkiejmy used to be an important trading center in the border area with Poland and Lithuania . The place never had city rights , but had the status of a patch . He was connected by a railway line with the district town of Gołdap and with Tollmingkehmen (1938-1946 Tollmingen , today Russian: Tschistyje Prudy).
Between 1874 and 1945, Szittkehmen was the eponymous place of an administrative district , to which, in addition to the official village, the places Budweitschen (parish Szittkehmen) (1938–1946 Altenwacht , today Russian national territory, no longer exist) and Pellkawen (1938–1946 Pellkauen , Russian: Jakowlewka, also no longer existent) belonged. It was located in the Gumbinnen district in the Prussian province of East Prussia .
During their renaming campaign , the National Socialists arbitrarily renamed the place in Wehrkirchen on June 3, 1938 , which did not do justice to the church's construction or its importance as a trading center.
- Population development
- 1885: 1240
- 1910: 1035
- 1939: 1280
- 2006: 907
church
Church building
The church in Szittkehmen was built between 1579 and 1589. It is a rectangular hall building, formerly connected to a tower, then only connected to a bell house. In 1934 a restoration took place by the painter Ticino . For three and a half centuries the church was a Protestant place of worship. In 1945 it was expropriated in favor of the Catholic Church and, after being re-consecrated, now bears the name Kościół św. Michała Archaniola ( St. Michaelis Church ).
Parish
Szittkehmen was associated with Pillupönen (1938–1946 Schloßbach , today in Russian: Newskoje) until 1579 and has only been its own parish since then. In 1890 the parish of Szittkehmen had 5000 souls, 800 of them Lithuanians. Until 1930 the sermon was also given here in Lithuanian.
Formerly a member of the Gumbinnen Inspection (now Russian: Gussew), Szittkehmen and its almost exclusively Protestant population were part of the Goldap (Gołdap) church district in the Church of the Old Prussian Union in the East Prussian church province until 1945 .
Due to flight and displacement as a result of the Second World War , the number of Protestant church members fell sharply after 1945. After Żytkiejmy now Polish Catholics who formed their own parish here that to come deanery Filipów in the diocese Elk (Lyck) of the Catholic Church in Poland belongs. Protestant church members living here belong to the Gołdap parish, which is a subsidiary parish of Suwałki (Suwalken) in the Masuria diocese of the Evangelical Augsburg Church in Poland .
Parish (until 1945)
To parish belonged to the church Szittkehmen before 1945 next to the vicarage still 26 places, farming communities and residential spaces (The * in front of the city name denotes a school location):
| Place name | Change name from 1938 to 1945/46 |
today's name | Country | Place name | Change name from 1938 to 1945/46 |
Today's name | Country | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Shear off | Ebershagen | RUS | Collars | Kraghof | RUS | |||
| Adlersfelde | Orliniec | PL | * Kuiken | Albrechtsrode | RUS | |||
| Auxins | Freudenau | RUS | Ling Cup | Lengenfliess | Lenkupie | PL | ||
| Screen rests | Billenau | RUS | * Matzutkake | Wellenhausen | RUS | |||
| Inland forest | RUS | Babble | Wobały | PL | ||||
| Budweitschen | Altenwacht | RUS | Pablindszen | Customs pond | Pobłędzie | PL | ||
| Dagutschen | Cone base | Degucie | PL | * Pellkawen | Pellet chewing | Yakovlevka | RUS | |
| * Dobawen | Dobauen | Mayak | RUS | Praise | Praßlau | Przesławki | PL | |
| * Gollubia | Unterfelde | Golubie | PL | Reddicken | Redyki | PL | ||
| Jodupönen | Grenzhof | RUS | * Ribbenischken | Ribbenau | Uvarovo | RUS | ||
| * Kallweitschen | Kornberg | Priosjonoje | RUS | * Serteggen | Serteck | Żerdziny | PL | |
| Keppurdeggen | Kühlberg | Łysogóra | PL | * Skaisgirren | Hellerau | Skajzgiry | PL | |
| * Kögskehmen | Kecksheim | Kiekskiejmy | PL | * Wyszupönen 1936–38: Wischupönen |
Kaltensee | Rybino | RUS |
Pastor (until 1945)
From the Reformation to 1945, 29 Protestant clergy were in office in Szittkehmen / Wehrkirchen:
- Michael Sappuhn, until 1586
- Paul Kytlikowski, 1586-1590
- Samuel Sperber, 1590–1592
- David Marcianus, 1593-1598
- Laurentius Georg Villnensis, 1598
- Albrecht Schmidt, until 1600
- Bartholomäus Willentus, 1600-1605
- Paul Hoffmann, 1606-1657
- N. Cajus, 1653
- Friedrich Cibrowius, 1657–1663
- Johann Glagius, 1663–1677
- N. Dullo
- Christoph Hintz, 1679–1687
- Martin Hintz, 1687-1717
- Johann Böckel, 1704–1709
- Johann Christoph Hintz, from 1709
- Michael Schubert, 1717-1736
- Jonas Christian Pusch, 1736–1746
- Gottfried Christ. Nehring, 1747-1768
- Daniel Friedrich Mielcke, 1769–1776
- Ernst Ludwig Kalau, 1776–1815
- Johann Friedrich Haupt, 1815–1832
- Friedrich Wilhelm Lucks, 1832-1840
- David Peteaux, 1840-1851
- Eduard (Julius L.) Schreiner, 1852–1863
- Georg J. Julius Rademacher, 1864–1876
- Ludwig Albert Jordan, 1876–1895
- Franz Moritz Ziehe, 1896–1915
- Ernst Koehler, 1916–1945
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Walther Hubatsch : History of the Protestant Church in East Prussia. Volume 3: Documents. Göttingen 1968, p. 479
- ↑ Friedwald Moeller: Old Prussian Protestant Pastor's Book from the Reformation to the Expulsion in 1945. Hamburg 1968, pp. 131–132
- ↑ Schreiner (1809–1863) was a member of the Corps Masovia .