Shipyards in Hamburg
Shipyards in Hamburg have always shaped the image of the Port of Hamburg , from the shipbuilders' systems typical of the time, from the stacks and slipways to the docks , cable crane systems and helgen scaffolding . Around 1900 there were eight large shipyards in Hamburg that had specialized in iron shipbuilding and an innumerable variety of small shipyards , yacht shipyards , repair yards , scrapping yards , salvage companies and a few more. In the course of the 20th century, several major shipyard crises with bankruptcies and mergers made Hamburg's importance as a former shipbuilding center wane. Since the mid-1980s, Blohm + Voss was the last major shipyard on the south bank of the North Elbe . Seen from the Altona fish market to the St. Pauli Landungsbrücken , it clearly defines the view of the harbor. A regular tourist attraction is when 17 large cruise ships such as the Queen Mary 2 or the Freedom of the Seas dock in the Elbe dry dock for maintenance and repairs.
History of shipbuilding in Hamburg
The Hamburg shipyards have a tradition of craft shipbuilding , which dates back to the Middle Ages and has been subject to technical changes as well as the respective structural changes in the economy, politics and urban development over the centuries . In the 20th century, shipyard work, along with port work, had a decisive influence on the social structure in the city and was a factor to be considered for each of the political systems - the Empire , Weimar Republic , National Socialism and the Federal Republic .
Shipbuilding brook
The first written evidence of shipbuilding in Hamburg is a combing invoice from 1380, which confirms that the location "where the ships were built" was on the eastern part of the Kehrwieder Island, between the city and the Grasbrook Island. Accordingly, this street was named Schiffbauerbrook in the following centuries . It roughly corresponds to today's Brook Street . which runs in the Speicherstadt on the Zollkanal . The name of the neighboring street Pickhuben also refers to shipbuilding: It refers to the pitch hoods that were prepared here for caulking. The need for ships was great in the time of the rising Hanseatic League , not only were cogs built for the Kauffahrtei, bars and warships for the protection of merchant shipping were also commissioned. Numerous ordinances, so-called Burspraken, regulated the craft: as soon as the new ships were planked up to the waterline and could just swim, they had to be lowered into the water for further processing in order to limit the risk of fire. As a rule, ships with a draft of up to around 1.75 meters could be built, the Hamburg fairway of Dat Deep , the fleet that is still traced by the Oberhafen, Zollkanal and inland port , did not allow more. The so-called Hamburger Bojer , a flat-lying sailing ship that was first mentioned in 1524 as going sea to Holland and England, developed from this. From 1540 shipbuilding in Hamburg was subject to approval, primarily to keep the prices for the coveted shipbuilding timber stable.
Today's oldest shipyard in Hamburg, the Sietas shipyard founded by Carsten Sietasch in 1635 , was then and still is located elbab in Neuenfelde on the estuary . It was owned by the family until 2014, until the ninth generation. The shipyard was then taken over by the Pella Shipyard from St. Petersburg .
Great Grasbrook
After the fortification of the city through the construction of the ramparts at the beginning of the 17th century, the space at Brook became finally too narrow, the shipbuilders relocated their boat berths and shipyards to the west side of Grasbrook, outside the city walls, opposite the Georgius Bastion . This beach on the North Elbe also had the advantage of being able to meet the growing demand for larger ships for overseas trade. Until the middle of the 19th century, shipbuilding developed here parallel to the up-and-coming merchant town. Well-known shipyards were the Somm'sche Werft , a model of which is now on display in the Museum of Hamburg History , Gleichmann & Busse , where the first iron sea steamer in Germany - Willem I for a Dutch client - was built in 1838 , and John's shipyard , their It was located directly at the Höft des Grasbrooks, which was named after her and named Johns'sche Ecke . Today the Elbphilharmonie is located there .
A problem at the beginning of the 19th century was the dispute between the ship carpenters' guild and the independent shipbuilders who operated their shipbuilding sites outside the urban sphere of influence, for example in Altona or on the Hamburger Berg . At the instigation of the shipowners and shipyard owners, the council and the citizenship abolished the shipbuilding office as the first of the Hamburg guilds against the resistance of the masters and journeymen . At that time there were 60 workshops with masters and 502 ship carpenters in Hamburg.
With the port expansion from 1865, the shipyards had to move from the Großer Grasbrook to the south side of the Norderelbe, mainly to Steinwerder and the Kleiner Grasbrook . The basin of the Grasbrookhafen was laid out on the shipbuilding beach, but the west side of the Dalmannkai was still called the HafenCity Schiffbauerhafen until the construction of the HafenCity .
Heron climb
In addition to the Hamburg shipbuilding industry, a brisk shipbuilding industry developed in Wilhelmsburg in the 18th century , then independent lands of Duke Georg Wilhelm von Braunschweig-Lüneburg . Best known was the Reiherstieg shipyard , founded in 1706 next to a sawmill on Mühlenbrack , which was moved to Kleiner Grasbrook in 1861. Around twenty shipyards were located on Reiherstieg within 300 years, many of them on the western island of Neuhof . Thus, from the 1835 by Johann Beenck founded and from 1840 by Ernst Dreyer continuing shipbuilding company Dreyer-Werft shipyard in 1895 Oertz & Harder of yacht designer Max Oertz emerged on Neuhöferdamm (until 1929). The August Wolkau shipyard (1860-1959), the Frank shipyard (1864-1954) and the Oelckers shipyard (1876-1987), which moved from Steinwerder to Neuhof in 1888 , also had long traditions . In 1987 it went bankrupt, during the more than fifteen-year proceedings the site lay fallow until it was bought and renovated by Otto Dörner KG in 2004 .
The Theodor-Buschmann-Werft on the Reiherstiegdeich remained as the last shipbuilding company in Wilhelmsburg , since 1958 owned by the Fairplay shipping company , which specializes in the construction of type ships for the HADAG Seetouristik and ferry service .
Steinwerder and Kleiner Grasbrook
With the expansion of the port, the city of Hamburg began to fill up the areas of the Elbe islands Steinwerder and Kleiner Grasbrook from 1840 and make them available for the shipyards. Not only the port, but also the shipyards themselves had a larger space requirement with increasing technology. The development of steam propulsion and the transition to iron and steel shipbuilding changed the demands placed on companies; the transition from manual to industrial production took place within a few decades. The new foundations on Steinwerder were, for example, the shipyard of H. C. Stülcken in 1846 on Norderelbstraße, Heinrich Brandenburg in 1845 on the Fährkanal, Janssen & Schmilinsky in 1858 on Schanzenweg or the shipyard of Robert Miles Sloman and the engineer Bernhard Wenke , who built the first brick in 1851 at the Reiherstieg estuary Dry dock in Hamburg. Tradition has it that it was mockingly called “Quellenental” because water kept flowing in. In 1861 the location of the Reiherstieg shipyard was relocated from Wilhelmsburg to the Kleine Grasbrook at the Reiherstieg estuary , in 1850 the JHN Wichhorst shipyard from Altona also moved to the Kleiner Grasbrook. In 1875 the MA Flint repair yard moved from the inner city dike to the now canalised Reiherstieg in southern Steinwerder. On Kuhwerder, the western part of Steinwerder, Johann Oelkers finally founded their shipyards in 1876 and Hermann Blohm and Ernst Voss in 1877.
Blohm & Voss expanded rapidly and were already considered Hamburg's leading shipyard in 1881. The Oelkers shipyard moved to the Reiherstieg in Wilhelmsburg in 1888, Janssen & Schmilinsky moved to Tollerort at the former coal ship port in 1917, thus meeting the growing space requirements of the budding large shipyard. The high point in Hamburg shipbuilding was reached when the Stettiner Maschinenbau Actien-Gesellschaft Vulcan , which with AG Vulcan Stettin provided the largest German shipyard at the time, founded a subsidiary in Hamburg in 1905. The new AG Vulcan Hamburg at Rosshafen in southern Steinwerder started operations in 1909; two years later the Hanseatic city also became the seat of the Vulcan-Werke Hamburg and Stettin Actiengesellschaft . On the other hand, the founding of the Norderwerft on Ellerholzdamm towards Reiherstieg, whichstill exists in 1905, was unspectacular.
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Shipyards on Steinwerder and Kleiner Grasbrook:
1 Stülcken 1840–1966 |
The development of the large shipyards
After the customs connection of Hamburg to the German Reich in 1888 and the creation of the free port and the enlargement of the port areas, the trading volume of the Hamburg port operations increased further. The demand in shipbuilding increased accordingly. The large shipyards expanded in terms of both area and capacity and took over properties and facilities of the smaller ones on the south bank of the Norderelbe. In 1905 Blohm & Voss leased the entire area between the Norderelbe, Schanzengraben and Kuhwerder Hafen, with 569,000 m² it was the largest shipyard in the world. When the Janssen & Schmilinsky site was added in 1917, the area covered almost the entire northern part of Steinwerder. The Reiherstieg shipyard successively took over the Wencke, Brandenburg and Wichhorst shipyards between 1900 and 1917 and was thus able to expand its business premises on both sides of the Reiherstieg estuary.
In 1914 Blohm & Voss employed 10,250 workers , the Vulkan shipyard 4300 and the Reiherstieg shipyard 3245 workers. H. C. Stülcken Sohn , located on Norderelbstraße between Blohm & Voss and the Reiherstieg shipyard, was the fourth largest shipyard in Hamburg with 895 workers, but was not considered a large company. Even before the First World War and in the first years of the war, these four shipyards were able to secure construction contracts from the Imperial Navy for warships and Blohm & Voss also secured the further development of submarines . In the middle of the war, the Hamburg-America Line (HAPAG) and the Allgemeine Elektricitäts-Gesellschaft (AEG) founded the Hamburger Werft AG at Tollerort in 1916 . From 1918, HAPAG and AEG conducted negotiations with the mechanical engineering group Gutehoffnungshütte for the establishment of a submarine base in Finkenwerder. From this process the German shipyard was created, which merged with the Hamburg shipyard in 1920 . The operation on Tollerort was operated as a repair yard until 1927.
The defeat in World War I, the trade crisis that followed inflation, and finally the global economic crisis that began in 1929 brought about severe disruptions in the construction of new ships from the mid-1920s to after 1930, which affected all large shipyards. The AG Vulkan Hamburg first became the property of Deschimag in 1926 and was bought by Howaldtswerke Kiel in 1928 . Together with the Janssen & Schmilinsky shipyard, which had also been bought up by Janssen & Schmilinsky , this shipyard operated under the name Howaldtswerke AG Kiel, formerly Vulcan department, until 1939 . After the sale of the Kiel shipyard, Howaldtswerke completely relocated its headquarters to Hamburg in 1939. The Reiherstieg shipyard was bought by the Deutsche Werft in 1927 and continued as the Deutsche Werft - company Reiherstieg (Plant II). The former Heinrich Brandenburg dept. of the Reiherstieg shipyard on the ferry canal next to HC Stülcken Sohn became Plant III of the Deutsche Werft.
War economy and forced labor
After the National Socialists came to power, the port industry began to focus on a future war. On the one hand, the global market hostile economic policy brought further difficulties for a trading metropolis like Hamburg, but these were more than offset for the large shipyards within a few years by economic stimulus programs and state contracts. The new builds of two ships for the Kraft durch Freude (KdF) fleet were sensational: the Wilhelm Gustloff was launched at Blohm & Voss on May 5, 1937, and the Robert Ley at Howaldtswerke on March 29, 1938 . At the same time, the four-year plan announced by Hitler with the armaments contracts awarded to Hamburg produced an artificial economic boom for the factories classified as important to the war effort. The launch of the Bismarck on February 14, 1939 at Blohm & Voss, at that time the largest battleship in the world, was a demonstration of military strength, but even smaller orders brought the shipyards more than capacity utilization, for example former fish steamers were converted into minesweepers at Stülcken . With the beginning of the Second World War, the four largest Hamburg shipyards Blohm & Voss , Howaldtswerke , Deutsche Werft and Stülcken were particularly active in submarine construction.
The lack of labor was supplemented by men, women and children who were forcibly recruited from occupied territories. Other forced laborers were prisoners of war who were transferred by the Wehrmacht and, towards the end of the war, prisoners from the Neuengamme concentration camp . At the shipyards alone, several 10,000 forced laborers were used between 1941 and 1945, both in production and for clean-up work after bombing raids. They were housed in so-called company or community camps in the city and port area, in cleared schools or halls, sometimes in residential buildings, in port sheds and warehouses and were brought to their locations in the morning. Prisoners of war were mostly interned in camps on the company premises or in the immediate vicinity.
From 1944 the Neuengamme concentration camp set up branch offices at the shipyards, for example at Blohm & Voss from October 1944 to April 1945 with 600 male prisoners, mostly from Poland and the Soviet Union ; at Stülcken from November 1944 to April 1945 with 250 male prisoners from various countries and at the German shipyard in Finkenwerder from October 1944 to March 1945 with 600 male prisoners, mainly from the Soviet Union, Poland, Belgium, France and Denmark. Many of the forced laborers and prisoners died not only from the inhumane working and living conditions, but also from bombing attacks during which no or only inadequate shelters were provided for them. In 1996, the city inaugurated a memorial for the forced laborers in the Rüschpark, which was created on the former site of the Deutsche Werft, designed by the artist Axel Groehl. It shows an openwork concrete wall with a bronze sculpture framed by ten mountain ash trees.
From July 1943 and especially in the last months of the war, Allied air forces bombed the port facilities and the oil industry works. On May 3, 1945, after negotiations - unlike Breslau , for example - Hamburg was handed over to the British troops without a fight. At this point the shipyards were almost completely destroyed.
The so-called shipyard dying
In the immediate post-war period, the reconstruction was initially delayed by the requirements of the Allies and the restrictions on shipbuilding. Blohm & Voss in particular was affected by these measures, as the remaining facilities were dismantled by the Allies from 1948 onwards. Until 1954, it only carried out ship repairs under the name Steinwerder Industrie AG . With the development of the German shipping fleet from the end of the 1950s, the shipyard business initially revived. The rapid rise of the Schlieker shipyard on Steinwerder and the Peute and their bankruptcy in 1962 was considered the child of the economic miracle .
From the 1960s, Hamburg shipbuilding, like the entire European shipbuilding industry, faced enormous competition from Japan and East Asia, which was followed by a sustained process of concentration. In 1966 Blohm + Voss bought the neighboring Stülckenwerft , completed its construction contracts, dismantled the shipyard facilities from 1967 onwards and gave up operations here. The Howaldtswerft and the German shipyard merged in 1967 to German Howaldtswerke shipyard (HDW) and included the former operational areas of Reiherstieg shipyard on Kleiner Grasbrook and Steinwerder ( operating Reiherstieg ), the former Vulkan shipyard on the Ross ( operating Ross ) and those premises of the German shipyard in Finkenwerder on the Rüsch Canal. In 1968 the further merger with the Howaldtswerke in Kiel followed , which had been an independent company since 1953, separated from the Howaldtswerft in Hamburg .
The first oil crisis in 1973 brought further economic difficulties, as the big shipyards had speculated in the tanker business. In the same year, HDW gave up the shipyard in Finkenwerder, new ships were still being built at the Ross plant, and the Reiherstieg shipyard facilities were only used for repair purposes. In the mid-1980s, HDW finally gave up its Hamburg location, the premises were shut down and dismantled. Only the Ross plant was initially taken over by Blohm + Voss as Ross Industrie GmbH , but also ceased operations in October 1987.
The site of the Reiherstieg shipyard is now used by Shell AG . The Stülcken terrain is after extensive remediation in addition to the use of some logistics companies, the location for the Port Theater , the musical in the last few years, The Lion King is played. The areas of Ross and Tollerort, former premises of the Vulkanwerft , were expanded after the Vulkanhafen was filled in, especially for the storage areas of the HHLA Container Terminal Tollerort (CTT). The grounds of the Deutsche Werft in Finkenwerder have been partially redesigned into parks and partially taken over by the Airbus company.
- Former shipyard site
View of the site of the former Reiherstieg shipyard , now Shell AG. At the confluence of the Reiherstieg there is the last company building, demolished in autumn 2008. (Photo: January 2007)
Site of the former Stülckenwerft , today the port theater with the musical The Lion King (Photo: May 2006)
Former entrance of the Howaldtswerke with the bus stop Roßweg / HDW (Photo: May 2012)
Steendiek Canal in Finkenwerder with the remaining buildings and facilities of the former German shipyard . The high house in the background is the former administration building. (Photo: May 2007)
Labor disputes and resistance
With the abolition of the shipbuilding office in 1839, the shipbuilders lost the professional protection that the guild previously offered them. By hiring unskilled, inexpensive auxiliary workers, which the shipowners were now able to do thanks to the freedom of trade that had been created, a constant struggle for working conditions and wages began as early as the middle of the 19th century. In 1849 the ship carpenters in Hamburg founded a trade union to counteract wage depressions, and in 1871 the ship carpenters association , which became part of the trade union movement .
The changing work structures, from the craft of the wooden shipyard to industrial production in metal construction, and the enormous need and growth in labor - around 1900 there were more than 20,000 shipyard workers in Hamburg - created a social class that saw itself as the working class. In particular, it was the working conditions at the large shipyards that deepened this self-image: high physical stress from heavy equipment and tools as well as the newly developed steam and electrical equipment, which brought with it a high risk of accidents, harmful heat and noise, the excessively long working hours of 60 and more hours a week with very low and different wages. Similar to the port workers , they were the cause of numerous industrial disputes.
Shipyard workers' strikes in the 20th century
In the crisis-ridden shipbuilding industry, the labor disputes in the 20th century were always accompanied by the threat of endangering the existence of the shipyard and thus the job. Nevertheless, there were a few significant strikes by 1933:
- 1910: Two-month strike by the Hamburg shipyard workers with the success that the weekly working time is reduced from 60 to 55 hours and the wages are increased by 8% (that is 2 pfennigs an hour)
- 1918: on November 5, the workers of the large shipyards went on strike after rumors about the Kiel sailors' uprising had reached Hamburg, this strike indirectly led to the provisional takeover of the workers' and soldiers' council in Hamburg on November 6, 1918
- 1924: Thirteen-week strike by shipyard workers against the requested extension of working hours
- 1928/1929: Fourteen-week strike by shipyard workers for the introduction of the 48-hour week and wage increases (previously working hours: 52-hour week)
In the post-war period there were various protests and work stoppages, worth mentioning in 1955 was a two-week wildcat strike at the Howaldts works and the Stülckenwerft by around 11,000 shipyard workers for more wages. From the mid-1960s onwards, the labor disputes were dominated by concerns about keeping jobs.
Resistance to National Socialism
The Hamburg shipyard workers were also considered to be partially resistant to the prevailing influences during National Socialism. In 1938 the Gestapo announced that the Hamburg shipyard workers were still "70% red". In fact, in many cases the resistance in Hamburg was organized around the shipyards and the port, for example the Hamburg anti-fascists against Franco. which Dagobert Biermann , worker at the German shipyard, built in 1936. The Bästlein-Jacob-Abshagen Group also organized its conspiratorial network mainly in the large shipyards. A large number of shipyard workers can be found among the resistance fighters murdered by the fascists. In the post-war years, the works council of Blohm & Voss had a board set up on the company premises for eleven murdered workers from the shipyard.
The labor dispute of the HDW workers in 1983
With the closure of the HDW part of the former German shipyard in Finkenwerder in 1973, 3,000 shipyard workers lost their jobs, and in 1979 a further 700 employees were dismissed when the Reiherstieg plant closed . At the same time, the city of Hamburg gave subsidies of 38.5 million DM to modernize the plant. Nevertheless, in 1983 the new shipbuilding on the Ross was stopped and 3,545 shipyard workers were laid off. Numerous protests accompanied the layoffs, culminating in a spectacular occupation of the company premises from September 12th to 20th, 1983. Ultimately, the HDW workers were only able to achieve an increase in the social plan.
Shipyard location in the 21st century
After the shipyard crisis, Blohm + Voss was the last major shipyard left. In 1995 it was divided into the independent companies Blohm + Voss GmbH as a new shipyard in the western part of Steinwerder, Blohm + Voss Repair GmbH as a repair shipyard on the banks of the Norderelbe and Blohm + Voss Industries GmbH for mechanical and turbine engineering. The first two are part of ThyssenKrupp Marine Systems AG , which has been aiming to sell operating parts since 2009.
Some smaller shipyards have also partially survived crises and mergers, such as the Sietas shipyard in Neuenfelde, which has existed since 1635, has been run by a new management since 2009, but remains in the family's property even after nine generations. In November 2011, the company had to file for bankruptcy due to a poor order situation, but hoped that this would allow it to be preserved. The MA Flint shipyard in Steinwerder am Reiherstieg has existed since 1870, although it had to give up its diving and rescue company in 2005, but continues to exist as a repair yard . A special feature of this shipyard is the still existing slipway on which smaller boats are pulled ashore. The Norderwerft , founded in 1905 and also located on Steinwerder Reiherstieg, has been part of Sietas since 1972 and has been part of the Lürssen shipyard group since October 1, 2012 (after the bankruptcy of Sietas). The Pohl & Jozwiag shipyard , located at Tollerort since 1902, has long specialized in the construction of smaller yachts.
In the official announcements of the city of Hamburg regarding the shipyard location, it is named in such a way that shipbuilding in Hamburg has undergone a structural change: “ Technical know-how, outstanding engineering, state-of-the-art manufacturing techniques and many years of experience in shipbuilding ensure that the Shipyards in Hamburg can hold their own in tough international competition and operate economically successfully. “In fact, however, the global economic crisis in 2009 led to a decline in orders and the cancellation of orders, especially in container shipbuilding, but also in government contracts.
List of Hamburg shipyards
The following - incomplete - list shows existing and former shipyards in the Free and Hanseatic City of Hamburg, including those shipyard locations that have belonged to the state's territory since 1937 (including Altona and Harburg-Wilhelmsburg ).
| Surname | Period | Location | comment |
|---|---|---|---|
| Alster shipyard (ATG) | 1870 – today | Winterhude Jarrestrasse |
Heinrich Eduard Justus on Leinpfadkanal as a repair yard the Alster ships founded in 1912 moved to its Osterbekkanal 1919 till 1946, the HHA affiliated with which since 1987 Shipyard Cölln connected |
| Altenwerder shipyard | 1920-1982 | Altenwerder Altenwerder Dreikatendeich |
Founded by Rudolf and Paul Meier on the former Holst shipyard |
| Johann Beenk | 1779-1845 | Altona Grosse Elbstrasse 36 |
Founded by the brothers Johann and Peter Beenk at Elbstraße 131 (after a change of address Große Elbstraße ), continued from 1829 by the son Johann Beenk, sold to Ernst Dreyer in 1845 (see Dreyer shipyard) |
| Johann Beenk | 1782-1840 | Reiherstieg Neuhof, Schlömerstack |
laid out by the Beenks from Altona on the Reiherstieg, continued from 1829 by their son Johann Beenk; was bought in 1840 by Ernst Dreyer and as Dreyer shipyard continued |
| Blohm & Voss | 1877 – today | Steinwerder Schanzengraben |
Company name since 1965: Blohm + Voss |
| Heinrich Brandenburg | 1845-1912 | Steinwerder Fährkanal, Norderelbstraße |
Taken over by the Reiherstieg shipyard in 1912 ; After their merger, from 1928 Plant III of the Deutsche Werft |
| Heinrich Buschmann | 1882 – today | Peute Peuter Elbdeich 11 |
founded by Johann Thomas Theodor Buschmann on Steinwerder, 1892 relocation to Ross / Tollerort; 1934 Separation in the family business: Heinrich Buschmann took over the shipyard on the Peute from the Westphalian Kohlenkontor ; Barges, pontoons and barges are built |
| Theodor Buschmann | 1882 – today | Reiherstieg Reiherstiegdeich 53 |
founded by Johann Thomas Theodor Buschmann on Steinwerder, 1892 relocation to Ross / Tollerort; 1934 Separation in the family business: the son Theodor Buschmann stayed on the horse; In 1945 the facilities were completely destroyed, rebuilding on Reiherstieg; Acquired in 1958 by Kurt Borchard for the Fairplay shipping company |
| Cölln shipyard | 1764 – today | Finkenwerder Köhlfleet main dike |
first shipyard in Finkenwerder founded by Hinrich von Coelln on the Rahmtorf'schen Wischen, Auedeich 114; Giek-Ewer, Ewer, Schooner, Besanewer and Galeassen were built until 1880, then fishing cutters, naval and government ships, later only repair yard; In 1962, after being destroyed by floods, the shipyard was relocated to the Köhlfleet; |
| German shipyard | 1918-1967 (1975) | Finkenwerder | Merged with the Hamburg shipyard on January 1, 1920 , merged with Howaldtswerke to form HDW in 1967 , and in 1975 the Finkenwerder site was abandoned |
|
Dreyer shipyard (Ernst Dreyer) |
1840-1896 | Reiherstieg (Neuhof) | Taken over by Johann Beenck, sold to Max Oertz in 1896 |
| Feltz shipyard | 1945 - today | Finkenwerder (Rüsch) | The shipyard was founded in 1945 by Karl Feltz sen. founded on Finkenwerder and continued by the sons Peter and Karl Feltz until 2009. Since April 2009 the shipyard has been operating as Feltz-Werft GmbH. |
| MA Flint | 1870 – today | Steinwerder (Reiherstieg) | founded by Martin Adolph Flint on the Stadtdeich as a repair yard ; 1875 move to Steinwerder, Norderelbstraße, 1900 rebuilding on Reiherstieg, Ellerholzdamm; In 1912 the son William Flint took over the management, in 1920 the grandson Adolph Flint; In 1948 the great-grandchildren joined the company management; operated a Kümo shipping company until 1984, and a salvage diving company until 2004. |
| Frank shipyard | 1864-1954 | Reiherstieg (Neuhof) | Family business in three generations: 1864 Johann Frank, 1902 Albert Frank, 1930 Fritz Frank |
| Gleichmann & Busse | 1838-1843 | Great Grasbrook | emerged from the iron foundry of Theodor Georg Gleichmann and Thomas Busse Globe Foundry located on the Großer Grasbrook ; built the first iron sea steamer built in Germany in 1838 with the name Willem I ; In 1844 the Grasbrook coking plant was built on site . |
| Groth & Degenhardt | 1910-1929 | Altona, Grosse Elbstrasse 43 | The machine factory founded in 1876 took over the facilities of the Wichhorst shipyard on Sandberg and expanded them. 1929 Trial against the city of Altona for terminating the shipyard site. (The machine factory existed until 1986). |
| Julius pit | 1890 – today | Moorfleet, wooden harbor | today: repairing barges and building houseboats. The shipyard has a floating dock with a length of 92 m. |
| Hamburg Elbe Schiffswerft AG | 1918-1937 | Reiherstieg, Wilhelmsburg | Founded as a successor to the Eisenkonstruktions- und Brückenbauanstalt FH Schmidt shipyard at Schmidtstrasse 15 |
| Hamburg motorboat yard | 1924-1930 | Billwerder | located at Billwerder Neuer Deich 254–269 and registered as a GmbH in the commercial register |
| Hamburg shipbuilding | 1923-1927 | Wilhelmsburg | based on the Rethe near Kattwyk and registered as a GmbH in the commercial register |
| Hamburger Werft AG | 1916-1918 | Nice place | Predecessor of the Deutsche Werft, founded on the Tollerort headland, relocated to the Finkenwerder site in 1918 and renamed |
| Hamann & Spieß shipyard in Hamburg | 1943-1953 | Altenwerder | interim operation of the "aryanized" Köhlbrand shipyard |
| Hanseatic shipyard | 1954-1952 | Harburg (castle island / inland port) | Founded on the grounds of the Schlosswerft . Construction u. a. from ferries to bankruptcy. |
| Shipyard W. Holst | around 1900–1959 | Neuenfelde | Founding by Wilhelm Holst (around 1900) by taking over an older shipyard, 1st July 1959 taking over by JJ Sietas with completion of a new building |
| Howaldtswerke Hamburg | 1928-1967 (1986) | Steinwerder (Ross) / Tollerort | originated from the acquisition of Janssen & Schmilinsky and the Vulkanwerft by Howaldtswerke Kiel under the name Howaldtswerke AG Kiel, department formerly Vulcan , from 1937 independent plant; 1967 Merger with Deutsche Werft to form HDW |
| Howaldtswerke-Deutsche Werft (HDW) | 1967-1986 | Steinwerder (Ross) / Tollerort / Kleiner Grasbrook / Finkenwerder | created by the merger of Howaldtswerke and Deutsche Werft ; 1968 Merger with the Kiel Howaldtswerke , 1986 closure of the last location in Hamburg (Ross) |
| Janssen & Schmilinsky | 1858-1928 | Steinwerder / Tollerort | 1917 Relocation of the company premises from Steinwerder to Tollerort; 1928 bankruptcy, purchase by Howaldtswerke |
| Jastram shipyard | 1928-1971 | Allermöhe (Bergedorf) | Founded as a subsidiary of Jastram-Motorenwerke. Built barges and other types of boats. Since 1971 concentration on the manufacture of rowing machines |
| Jöhnk shipyard | 1933 – today | Harburg (castle island / inland port) | From Jöhnk and Scheel, shipbuilders of the former castle shipyard established there |
| John's shipyard | 1737-1859
1859-1865 |
Great Grasbrook (John's Corner)
Little Grasbrook |
The existence has been secured since 1737, a source also mentions 1550 as the origin; 1865 Sale and transfer of the shipyard to Wichhorst |
| Peter Knief shipyard | 1927 – today | Harburg outer harbor | Family company founded by Alfred Knief, since 1980 Peter Knief |
|
Köhlbrand shipyard (Paul Berendsohn) |
1921-1938 (1953-1957) | Altenwerder | was expropriated ("Aryanized") in 1938, initially used by the city of Hamburg, then traded as the Hamburg shipyard Hamann and Spiess , partly returned in 1953, sold to the demolition company Eisen & Metall Hamburg in 1957 . |
| Johann Marbs | around 1800–1878 | Hamburger Berg (St. Pauli) | built sailing ships and steamers Leeds , who later as Radkorvette Bremen became known |
| Ernst Menzer shipyard | 1889-1982 | Hamburg-Bergedorf and Geesthacht | Built boats, inland and seagoing vessels |
| Johann Meyer ship captain | 1818 - circa 1850 | Hamburger Berg (St. Pauli) | Address: At the distilleries via No. 23 (today: St. Pauli Hafenstraße) |
| Norderwerft | 1906 – today | Reiherstieg (Ellerholzdamm) | Founded by Reinhold Holtz, owner of Schlosswerft , JJ Sietas Group from 1972 , part of the Bremen Lürssen Group since 2012 |
|
Oelkers shipyard (Johann Oelkers) |
1876-1987 | Steinwerder / Reiherstieg (Neuhof) | founded on Steinwerder as a repair yard, moved to Reiherstieg in 1888; Filed for bankruptcy in 1987 |
|
Oertz & Harder ( Max Oertz ) |
1895-1929 | Reiherstieg (Neuhof) | created through the takeover of the Dreyer shipyard ; Max Oertz rose from 1918 until 1929 by the Hansa Brandenburg aircraft plants AG continued |
| Ottensener Eisenwerke (OEW) | 1889-1954 | Peute | was a subsidiary of the machine factory in Ottensen, was taken over in 1954 by Willy H. Schlieker |
| August Pahl | 1914 - approx. 1990 | Finkenwerder | built fire-fighting boats , harbor ferries and Alster ships in particular, but also coasters |
| Pohl & Jozwiak | 1902 – today | Nice place | |
| Heinrich Rancke | 1922-1975 | Hamburg-Neuenfelde | Founded in 1922 by Heinrich Rancke, taken over by Sietas in 1968 and expired in 1975. |
| Reiherstieg shipyard | 1706-1983 | Reiherstieg (Reiherstieg-Land) / Kleiner Grasbrook (Reiherstieg estuary) | Founded by Lukas Kramer am Reiherstieg, 1849 by Joh. Ces. Godeffroy & Sohn took over, moved to Kleiner Grasbrook in 1861, bought by Deutsche Werft in 1927, part of HDW's operation from 1967 (Reiherstieg plant), shut down in 1983 |
| Richter's shipyard | 1820-1853 | Great Grasbrook | Johann Jakob Richters shipyard, yard abandoned due to port expansion |
| SSB Spezialschiffbau Oortkaten | 1865-2014 | Oortkaten |
formerly Hermann Grube, mainly building barges, building harbor ferries and solar ships for ATG In December 2013, the company filed for bankruptcy and, according to the entry in the commercial register on February 28, 2014, is considered dissolved. |
| Marine Service Brandt | 2015 - today | Oortkaten | After the liquidation of the insolvency proceedings of SSB Spezialschiffbau Oortkaten, the shipyard was taken over by a group of investors who operate a repair and maintenance yard there under the name Marine Service Brandt GmbH. Many former employees of the SSB shipyard found new jobs here. |
|
Schlieker shipyard ( Willy H. Schlieker ) |
1952-1962 | Steinwerder / Peute | from the acquisition of Ottensener ironworks and the northern area of Blohm + Voss emerged |
|
Castle shipyard (Renck / Holtz) |
1854 – approx. 1930 | Harburg (castle island / inland port) | by Hans Georg Renck jr. founded, taken over by Reinhold F. Holtz in 1884 (later founder of the Norderwerft ). On parts of the site since 1933 Jöhnk shipyard and at times branch shipyard Gebr. Sachsenberg AG |
|
Sietas Shipyard (Pella Sietas) |
1635 – today | Neuenfelde (estuary) | Founded by Carsten Sietasch, owned by the family for nine generations.
In March 2014, the Sietas shipyard was taken over by Terraline GmbH in Hamburg, which belongs to the St. Petersburg- based Pella Shipyard . The limited partnership Norderwerft GmbH & Co. was sold to the Lürssen Group in 2012 . |
|
Somm'sche Werft (J. & F. von Somm) |
1794-1852 | Great Grasbrook | built barques, galiots and schooners, lightships and the first HAPAG ship |
|
Stülcken shipyard (HC Stülcken Sohn) |
1840-1966 | Steinwerder | was taken over by Blohm + Voss in 1966 and then dismantled |
| Vulcan Hamburg | 1905-1928 (1987) | Steinwerder (Ross) | founded as a subsidiary of Stettiner Maschinenbau AG under the name AG Vulcan Hamburg (from 1913 spelling Vulkan ), taken over by Deschimag in 1928 , resold to Howaldtswerke in 1930 ; Part of HDW in 1967 , taken over by Blohm + Voss in 1986 , shut down in 1987 |
| Bernhard Wencke | 1850-1900 | Steinwerder (Reiherstieg estuary) | In 1851, the engineer Bernhard Wencke constructed the first brick-built dry dock in Hamburg; in 1900 it was taken over by the Reiherstieg shipyard as Plant II |
| Wichhorst shipyard | 1827-1917 | Veddel / Kleiner Grasbrook | 1827 first Wichhorst shipyard founded on the Veddel; from 1840 under the company JHN Wichhorst; 1850/51 first Hamburg dry dock; Relocated to Kleiner Grasbrook in 1861; In 1917 the Reiherstieg shipyard took over as Plant III |
| August Wolkau | 1860-1975 | Reiherstieg (Neuhof) | |
| JC Wriede | 1824-1904 | Finkenwerder | Family company, founded by Joachim Wriede, later taken over by Carsten Julius Wriede |
literature
- Jörgen Bracker : Hamburg. From the beginning to the present. Turning marks in a city's history . Hamburg 1988, ISBN 3-8225-0043-7 .
- Marina Cattaruzza: Workers and entrepreneurs in the shipyards of the Empire . Franz Steiner Verlag, Stuttgart 1988, ISBN 3-515-04905-3
- Herbert Diercks : The Port of Hamburg under National Socialism. Economy, forced labor and resistance ; published by the Neuengamme Concentration Camp Memorial. Hamburg 2008 (The booklet is based on the exhibition The Port of Hamburg under National Socialism in the Hamburg City Hall from January 25 to February 17, 2008 and other dates.)
- Society for Port and Location Development (publisher): HafenCity Hamburg. Traces of history. Hamburg 2001; hafencity.com (PDF) accessed on June 8, 2009.
- Wulf D. Hund : Heinrich Vogeler - Hamburg shipyard worker. From the aesthetics of resistance . Fischer Taschenbuch-Verlag, Frankfurt 1992, ISBN 3-596-10742-3 (reception of the painting by Vogeler, in particular also on the myth about Hamburg shipyard workers).
- Arnold Kludas , Dieter Maass, Susanne Sabisch: Port of Hamburg. The history of the Hamburg free port from the beginning to the present . Hamburg 1988, ISBN 3-8225-0089-5 .
- Ulrike Lange-Basman: three-masted schooners and steam launchers. The Hamburg shipyard JHN Wichhorst in the period of transition from wooden shipbuilding to iron and steel shipbuilding (= writings of the German Maritime Museum. 68). Oceanum-Verlag, Wiefelstede 2009, ISBN 978-3-86927-068-5 .
- Johanna Meyer-Lenz: Shipbuilding art and shipyard work in Hamburg 1833-1896. Work and trade union organization in 19th century industrialized shipbuilding . Peter Lang, Frankfurt / Main 1995, ISBN 978-3-631-47496-9
- Museum for Hamburg History (Ed.): We are the force. Labor movement in Hamburg . Catalog book for the exhibition of the same name. Hamburg 1988, ISBN 3-87975-355-5 .
Web links
Individual evidence
- ^ Arnold Kludas, Dieter Maass, Susanne Sabisch: Port of Hamburg. The history of the Hamburg free port from the beginning to the present. Hamburg 1988, ISBN 3-8225-0089-5 , p. 348.
- ↑ see for example NDR online from October 24, 2008: Archived copy ( memento of the original from October 26, 2008 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , accessed June 7, 2009.
- ^ Jörgen Bracker: Hamburg. From the beginning to the present. Hamburg 1988, p. 91.
- ^ Jörgen Bracker: Hamburg. From the beginning to the present. Hamburg 1988, p. 92.
- ↑ Arnold Kludas et al. a .: Port of Hamburg. The history of the Hamburg free port from the beginning to the present. Hamburg 1988, p. 238.
- ↑ Ernst Christian Schütt u. a .: Chronicle of Hamburg. 2nd updated edition. Bertelsmann Lexikon Verlag, Gütersloh / Munich 1997, ISBN 3-577-14443-2 , p. 206.
- ↑ To the Dreyer shipyard on the Alt-Wilhelmsburg homepage : alt-wilhelmsburg.de , accessed on June 7, 2009.
- ^ Ernst Reinstorf: History of the Elbe Island Wilhelmsburg . Publisher: Zukunft Elbinsel Wilhelmsburg e. V., Hamburg 2003, ISBN 3-8334-0282-2 , p. 362 f .; See also the history of the Oelkers shipyard on the Alt-Wilhelmsburg homepage : alt-wilhelmsburg.de , accessed on June 6, 2009.
- ↑ Shipbuilding on Reiherstieg . Museum Elbinsel Wilhelmsburg e. V.
- ^ Arnold Kludas, Dieter Maass, Susanne Sabisch: Port of Hamburg. The history of the Hamburg free port from the beginning to the present. Hamburg 1988, p. 348.
- ^ Arnold Kludas, Dieter Maass, Susanne Sabisch: Port of Hamburg. The history of the Hamburg free port from the beginning to the present. Hamburg 1988, p. 352.
- ^ Arnold Kludas, Dieter Maass, Susanne Sabisch: Port of Hamburg. The history of the Hamburg free port from the beginning to the present. Hamburg 1988, p. 354.
- ↑ Eberhard Rössler: The German submarines and their shipyards , 2nd edition. Bernard & Graefe Verlag, Koblenz 1990, ISBN 3-7637-5879-8 , p. 185.
- ↑ cf. also: State Center for Political Education: Forced Labor in the Hamburg War Economy 1939–1945. Hamburg 2007 with an interactive map of the forced labor camps in Hamburg: zwangsarbeit-in-hamburg.de , accessed on June 10, 2009.
- ^ Herbert Diercks: The Port of Hamburg under National Socialism. Economy, Forced Labor, and Resistance. published by the Neuengamme Concentration Camp Memorial, Hamburg 2008, p. 43 ff.
- ↑ Detlef Garbe, Jens Michelsen: Memorials in Hamburg. A guide to places of remembrance from 1933–1945. Published on behalf of the Hamburg citizenship and the Senate by the Neuengamme Concentration Camp Memorial and the Hamburg State Center for Civic Education, p. 47; hamburg.de (PDF; 5.12 MB) accessed on June 10, 2009.
- ↑ Oliver Schirg: By night and fog: Hamburg's surrender. In: Hamburger Abendblatt from April 18, 2015, pp. 20–21.
- ^ Arnold Kludas, Dieter Maass, Susanne Sabisch: Port of Hamburg. The history of the Hamburg free port from the beginning to the present. Hamburg 1988, p. 354; see also: Museum for Hamburg History (Hrsg.): Workers' life and industrial action in Hamburg until the First World War. Ernst-Kabel-Verlag, Hamburg 1981.
- ^ Museum for Hamburg History (ed.): Workers' life and industrial action in Hamburg up to the First World War. Ernst-Kabel-Verlag, Hamburg 1981.
- ^ Ortwin Pelc: November Revolution . In: Franklin Kopitzsch , Daniel Tilgner (Ed.): Hamburg Lexikon. Zeiseverlag, Hamburg 1998, ISBN 3-9805687-9-2 , p. 354 f.
- ^ Museum for Hamburg History (ed.): We are the force. Labor movement in Hamburg. Hamburg 1988, p. 151.
- ↑ Ernst Christian Schütt u. a .: Chronicle of Hamburg. 2nd updated edition. Bertelsmann Lexikon Verlag, Gütersloh / Munich 1997, ISBN 3-577-14443-2 , p. 436.
- ↑ Ernst Christian Schütt u. a .: Chronicle of Hamburg. 2nd updated edition. Bertelsmann Lexikon Verlag, Gütersloh / Munich 1997, ISBN 3-577-14443-2 , p. 522.
- ^ Museum for Hamburg History (ed.): We are the force. Labor movement in Hamburg , Hamburg 1988, p. 305.
- ↑ see: Ursel Hochmuth , Gertrud Meyer : Streiflichter from the Hamburg resistance 1933–1945. , Hamburg 1980, ISBN 3-87682-036-7 , p. 341 ff
- ^ Ralf Lange, Henning Rademacher: Port Guide Hamburg. Hamburg 1999, ISBN 3-932844-31-9 , p. 147.
- ↑ Bankruptcy as an opportunity. The Sietas shipyard is broke. In: The daily newspaper. November 18, 2011.
- ↑ The era of divers is over. In: Hamburger Abendblatt. May 6, 2005, accessed June 6, 2009.
- ^ Port of Hamburg. Port of Hamburg homepage, accessed on June 10, 2009.
- ^ Wilhelm Chr. K. Stammer: Hamburg's shipyards. Hamburg 1992, p. 13 f.
- ↑ Company history. Feltz-Werft GmbH, accessed on August 16, 2017 .
- ^ Wilhelm Chr. K. Stammer: Hamburg's shipyards. Hamburg 1992, p. 79 f.
- ^ Wilhelm Chr. K. Stammer: Hamburg's shipyards. Hamburg 1992, p. 87.
- ^ Wilhelm Chr. K. Stammer: Hamburg's shipyards. Hamburg 1992, p. 89.
- ↑ Company website Julius Grube Werft
- ^ Wilhelm Chr. K. Stammer: Hamburg's shipyards. Hamburg 1992, p. 31 f.
- ^ Marine Service Brandt GmbH. Retrieved August 17, 2017 (UK English).
