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{{Infobox settlement
{{Infobox settlement
<!-- General information -->
<!-- General information -->
|name =Kismaros
|name = Kismaros
| image_skyline = Ulmi Skatulya emlékmű, Kismaros24.jpg
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|image_shield =HUN Kismaros Címer.svg
| image_caption = Main Square -Köztársaság Square
⚫
|image_flag =Flag of Kismaros.svg
⚫
|image_shield = HUN Kismaros Címer.svg
⚫
|image_flag = Flag of Kismaros.svg
<!-- Pushpin map -->
<!-- Pushpin map -->
|pushpin_map =Hungary
|pushpin_map =Hungary
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<!-- Geographical information -->
<!-- Geographical information -->
|area_total_km2 =11.96
|area_total_km2 =11.96
|area_magnitude =1 E6
|area_footnotes =<ref name="ksh_cite_area">[http://www.ksh.hu/apps/!cp.hnt2.telep?nn=33738 Kismaros] at the [[Hungarian Central Statistical Office]] (Hungarian).</ref>
|area_footnotes =<ref name="ksh_cite_area">[http://www.ksh.hu/apps/!cp.hnt2.telep?nn=33738 Kismaros] at the [[Hungarian Central Statistical Office]] (Hungarian).</ref>
|coordinates ={{coord|47.83775|N|19.00471|E|region:HU|display=inline}}
|coordinates ={{coord|47.83775|N|19.00471|E|region:HU|display=inline}}
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Kismaros is located 45 kilometres north of [[Budapest]] on the eastern bank of the Danube river, just above the bend where the river changes course and flows south. The village is seated at the foot of the [[Börzsöny]] Hills on the outskirts of the [[Carpathians]].
Kismaros is located 45 kilometres north of [[Budapest]] on the eastern bank of the Danube river, just above the bend where the river changes course and flows south. The village is seated at the foot of the [[Börzsöny]] Hills on the outskirts of the [[Carpathians]].
⚫
[[File:Köztársaság tér 3, Kismaros28.jpg|left|thumb|260px|Plaque to commemorate the victims of forced labor - malenkiy robot]]
[[File:Kismaros24.JPG|right|thumb|260px|Main Square -Köztársaság Square]]
⚫
[[File:Kossuth Lajos út, templom felé nézve, jobbra a könyvtár, Kismaros15.jpg|right|thumb|260px|Kismaros highroad]]
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[[File:Kismaros28.JPG|left|thumb|260px|Plaque to commemorate the victims of forced labor - malenkiy robot]]
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[[File:Kismaros15.JPG|right|thumb|260px|Kismaros highroad]]


==History==
==History==
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==="Malenkiy robot"===
==="Malenkiy robot"===


After the Second World War the Soviets took control in Hungary. Although prior to the war most people of Kismaros claimed Hungarian ethnicity already, their German origin meant that in January 1945 eighty of Kismaros’ youths (aged between 16-19) were taken by the Red Army to the Soviet Union, where they were subjected to forced labor in mines and factories.<ref name="The Expulsion of the German Communities from Eastern Europe at the End of the Second World War">[http://cadmus.eui.eu/dspace/bitstream/1814/2599/1/HEC04-01.pdf] The Expulsion of the German Communities from Eastern Europe at the End of the Second World War P40, 1st Paragraph</ref><ref name="Kismaros rövid története, Short story of Kismaros in Hungarian">[http://www.kismaros.hu/index.php?page=telepulestortenet] Kismaros rövid története, Short story of Kismaros in Hungarian</ref> (Pages not available) About half of them never returned. Survivors remember it, just as the Soviets put it, "Malenkiy robot" or little labour.
After the Second World War the Soviets took control in Hungary. Although prior to the war most people of Kismaros claimed Hungarian ethnicity already, their German origin meant that in January 1945 eighty of Kismaros’ youths (aged between 16-19) were taken by the Red Army to the Soviet Union, where they were subjected to forced labor in mines and factories.<ref name="The Expulsion of the German Communities from Eastern Europe at the End of the Second World War">[http://cadmus.eui.eu/dspace/bitstream/1814/2599/1/HEC04-01.pdf] {{Webarchive|url=https://wayback.archive-it.org/all/20171010080000/http://cadmus.eui.eu/dspace/bitstream/1814/2599/1/HEC04-01.pdf |date=2017-10-10 }} The Expulsion of the German Communities from Eastern Europe at the End of the Second World War P40, 1st Paragraph</ref><ref name="Kismaros rövid története, Short story of Kismaros in Hungarian">[http://www.kismaros.hu/index.php?page=telepulestortenet] Kismaros rövid története, Short story of Kismaros in Hungarian</ref> (Pages not available) About half of them never returned. Survivors remember it, just as the Soviets put it, "Malenkiy robot" or little labour.


===Modern life===
===Modern life===
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File:Kismaros, a Duna látképe.jpg|Danube by Kismaros
File:Kismaros, a Duna látképe.jpg|Danube by Kismaros
File:Kismaros26.JPG|Street view
File:Kismaros26.JPG|Street view
File:Kismaros16.JPG|Council building
File:Zászlótartók az önkormányzat épülete előtt, Kismaros16.jpg|Council building
File:Kismaros-Diesel-Loco.JPG|Diesel locomotive resting at the station in Kismaros
File:Kismaros-Diesel-Loco.JPG|Diesel locomotive resting at the station in Kismaros
File:Hungary Kismaros kisvasuut1.jpeg|Another locomotive at the station
File:Hungary Kismaros kisvasuut1.jpeg|Another locomotive at the station
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{{See also|List of twin towns and sister cities in Hungary}}
{{See also|List of twin towns and sister cities in Hungary}}
Kismaros is [[Sister city|twinned]] with:
Kismaros is [[Sister city|twinned]] with:
*{{flagicon|SVK}} [[Gabčíkovo]], Slovakia
*{{flagicon|CZE}} [[Leština u Světlé]], Czech Republic
*{{flagicon|GER}} [[Nusse]], Germany
*{{flagicon|CZE}} [[Pasohlávky]], Czech Republic
*{{flagicon|LTU}} [[Šalčininkai]], Lithuania
*{{flagicon|ITA}} [[Villaverla]], Italy
*{{flagicon|GER}} [[Wallhausen, Baden-Württemberg|Wallhausen]], Germany
*{{flagicon|GER}} [[Wallhausen, Baden-Württemberg|Wallhausen]], Germany
*{{flagicon|ROU}} [[Zetea]], Romania
*{{flagicon|ROU}} [[Zetea]], Romania
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== External links ==
== External links ==
* [http://www.terkepcentrum.hu/index.asp?go=map&mid=13&tid=33738 street map] {{in lang|hu}}
* [http://www.terkepcentrum.hu/index.asp?go=map&mid=13&tid=33738 street map] {{in lang|hu}}

{{Szob District}}
{{Pest County}}


{{authority control}}
{{authority control}}

Revision as of 06:12, 14 May 2023

Kismaros
Main Square -Köztársaság Square
Main Square -Köztársaság Square
Flag of Kismaros
Flag
Coat of arms of Kismaros
Coat of arms
Kismaros is located in Hungary
Kismaros
Kismaros
Location of Kismaros in Hungary
Coordinates: 47°50′16″N 19°00′17″E / 47.83775°N 19.00471°E / 47.83775; 19.00471
CountryHungary
RegionCentral Hungary
CountyPest
SubregionSzob
RankVillage
Area
[1]
 • Total11.96 km2 (4.62 sq mi)
Population
 (1 January 2009)[2]
 • Total2,009
 • Density170/km2 (440/sq mi)
Time zoneUTC+1 (CET)
 • Summer (DST)UTC+2 (CEST)
Postal code
2623
Area code+36 27
KSH code33738[1]
Websitewww.kismaros.hu

Kismaros (German: Kleinmarosch) is a village in Pest county, Hungary.

Location

Kismaros is located 45 kilometres north of Budapest on the eastern bank of the Danube river, just above the bend where the river changes course and flows south. The village is seated at the foot of the Börzsöny Hills on the outskirts of the Carpathians.

Plaque to commemorate the victims of forced labor - malenkiy robot
Kismaros highroad

History

First settlers

The village's history dates back to the 18th century when Germans from the Black Forest came to settle down in the area. The name of the village first appears on the “Vályi” map from 1781. The word Maros derives from the Latin "Mures" word and means waterfront, village or fortress. By the end of 18th century the population of Kismaros reached about 200-250 persons. With the effort of all villagers the catholic church was finished in 1827. Agriculture specifically the cultivation of grapes and other fruits provided livelihood for most residents. At the beginning of the 20th century the most spoken language is German.

"Malenkiy robot"

After the Second World War the Soviets took control in Hungary. Although prior to the war most people of Kismaros claimed Hungarian ethnicity already, their German origin meant that in January 1945 eighty of Kismaros’ youths (aged between 16-19) were taken by the Red Army to the Soviet Union, where they were subjected to forced labor in mines and factories.[3][4] (Pages not available) About half of them never returned. Survivors remember it, just as the Soviets put it, "Malenkiy robot" or little labour.

Modern life

From 1976 until 1990 Kismaros had a joint local government with neighbouring Verőce and was called Verőcemaros. Today's Kismaros is a busy suburban settlement of Budapest. Many of the locals work in the capital city, commuting every day by train or by car. After 1989 Kismaros became a hotspot for Budapesters trying to escape the hassles of city life; many of them settled down in the village permanently. Tourism plays an increasingly important role, providing jobs for local businesses.

Demographics

According to the 2001 national census, Germans account for 6% of the population whereas over 90% claimed Hungarian ethnicity. About 3/4 of all residents are Roman Catholic.[2] The population of the village has been growing constantly in the last decade reaching just over two thousand in 2009.[2]

Tourism

Börzsöny Hills' Children's Railway

Kismaros is the southern terminus for one of Hungary’s oldest light railways. The railway station is located in the centre of the village providing regular service throughout the year. The Börzsöny Hills' Children's Railway is a narrow gauge railway and is very popular among tourists. Every year thousands of people come to Kismaros to take a ride up to the Börzsöny Hills.[5][6]

Marus Napok

Each year end of September the locals hold the festival “Marus Napok” to celebrate their rich German heritage. The festival's main attraction is when people march through the village with horse-drawn carriages, singing and dancing dressed in traditional clothes. Originally this was to celebrate a good vintage. The festivity is also a unique opportunity for visitors to taste the local cuisine and to listen to some authentic Swabian music.

Kismaros Village Museum

The museum houses a permanent historic exhibition to give visitors some insights into the villagers everyday life. This includes typical old agricultural tools, historic photos and religious relics. The exhibition covers the village life of those ethnic German settlers who arrived in the 18th century to people in present-day Kismaros.[7]

Transport links

From the capital Budapest, Kismaros can be reached by car or public transport.

By public transport

There are trains running from Budapest West railway station daytime in every 30 minutes. The journey time is approx. 45 minutes.

Gallery

  • Danube by Kismaros
    Danube by Kismaros
  • Street view
    Street view
  • Council building
    Council building
  • Diesel locomotive resting at the station in Kismaros
    Diesel locomotive resting at the station in Kismaros
  • Another locomotive at the station
    Another locomotive at the station
  • The view of Kismaros from Visegrad
    The view of Kismaros from Visegrad

Twin towns – sister cities

See also: List of twin towns and sister cities in Hungary

Kismaros is twinned with:

Famous residents

  • Tibor Pézsa — Hungarian fencer, olympic gold medalist in the sabre individual event (Tokyo - 1968).
  • Erzsébet Viski — Hungarian sprint canoer, olympic silver medalist in the K-4 500 m event (Sydney - 2000, Athens - 2004).

References

  1. ^ a b Kismaros at the Hungarian Central Statistical Office (Hungarian).
  2. ^ a b c Kismaros at the Hungarian Central Statistical Office (Hungarian). 1 January 2009
  3. ^ [1] Archived 2017-10-10 at Archive-It The Expulsion of the German Communities from Eastern Europe at the End of the Second World War P40, 1st Paragraph
  4. ^ [2] Kismaros rövid története, Short story of Kismaros in Hungarian
  5. ^ [3] Archived 2008-04-10 at the Wayback Machine Information about the Gauge Railway in Kismaros
  6. ^ [4] Steam train whistle
  7. ^ [5] Website for the Kismaros Village Museum

External links

Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kismaros&oldid=1154714913"