-by

-by is a place name ending .

Scandinavian origin

The ending occurs in Scandinavia including Schleswig , Ostfalen , in Danelag in England and in Normandy . It usually means "courtyard, homestead". From this the meaning "collection of courtyards" and later the meanings "place", "village", "city" developed.

In Sweden alone there are around 3400 place names with this ending.

Examples of English place names with -by :

• Derby (Old Norse Dýrabýr )
• Gaddesby
• Grimsby (Old Norse Grímsbýr )
• Whitby (Old Norse Hvítabýr )

The suffix in the former Duchy of Schleswig

The Schleswig place names ending in -by (pronounced “bü”) are usually originally Danish. In the Duchy of Schleswig there are many place names of this form on both sides of today's German-Danish border. The southern border of the closed Danish or Scandinavian distribution area runs in the east through Eckernförde Bay and the town of Eckernförde ( Borby district ) and from there to Owschlag (Norby district) to the west. Between the Flensburg area and Owschlag the border runs in a relative north-south direction (including: Schuby near Schleswig , Weesby west of Flensburg). The North Sea coast only reaches the area in present-day Denmark (Koldby northwest of Tondern , Havneby on Rømø ).

See also the Duchy of Schleswig, section on settlement history and population .

Examples of place names in southern Schleswig (German part of the Duchy of Schleswig):

Adelby Ahneby Akeby Barkelsby Böelschuby Borby Badby Brodersby (2 ×) Engelsby Esgrusschauby Flatzby Fleckeby Gammelby (2 ×) Geelby Gereby Götheby Grödersby Großbrodersby Grumby Guckelsby Güby

Gundelsby Gunneby Haby Hardesby Husby Husby Janneby Juergensby Kahleby Kalleby Karby Ketelsby Kiesby Kleinbrodersby Klensby Kopperby Krieseby Medelby Mehlby Nieby Norby (2 ×)

Osterby (2 ×) Pommerby Rieseby Schaalby Schnarup-Thumby Schuby (2 ×) Schwensby Sensby You by Söby Sonderby Süderschmedeby Thumby Tolkschuby Uelsby Weesby Weseby (2 ×) Westerrakeby Windeby

In the list of Schleswig place names , additional place names are listed with -by .

Different origin:

• Already about 10 kilometers south of Eckernförde, Haby is an exclave of the -by place names and etymologically does not belong to the place names of Scandinavian origin; Haby is named either after a former owner of the area or after the rose hip.
• At Trögelsby in Flensburg , the ending is said to have originated from a misunderstanding.
• The name refugeby , for part of the Flensburg district of Fruerlund , arose after the Second World War , when refugees settled there and founded a new district.

Saxon origin

The Elbe-Ostfälischen place names on -by go back to the Old Saxon bogi "Biegung". The places with that name are mostly on the bends of the river. Examples: Brumby , Steckby , Barby - 961 Barbogi.

swell

1. ↑ ^{a b} Harry Ståhl: Ortnamn och ortnamnsforskning , Almqvist & Wiksell Förlag, Stockholm 1970, andra upplagan 1976, ISBN 91-20-04466-6 ; P. 71
2. ↑ Gustav Indrebø: Norsk Målsoga , Bergen 1951; P. 96
3. ↑ See Andreas Oeding, Broder Schwensen, Michael Sturm: Flexikon. 725 aha experiences from Flensburg !. Flensburg 2009, article: refugeby
4. ^ Wilhelm Sturmfels, Heinz Bischof: Our place names in the ABC explained according to origin and meaning, Ferdinand Dümmlers Verlag, third edition, Bonn 1961; Keyword -by