Grimsby
| Grimsby | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Coordinates | 53 ° 34 ' N , 0 ° 4' E | ||
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| Residents | 87,574 (as of 2001) | ||
| administration | |||
| Post town | GRIMSBY | ||
| ZIP code section | DN 31 - DN 34, DN 35, DN 37 |
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| prefix | 01472 | ||
| Part of the country | England | ||
| region | Yorkshire and the Humber | ||
| Shire county | North East Lincolnshire | ||
| District | North East Lincolnshire | ||
| British Parliament | Great Grimsby | ||
| Website: www.thisisgrimsby.co.uk | |||
Grimsby (old: Great Grimsby ) is a port town at the mouth of the Humber in the North Sea in the English county of Lincolnshire . It has been the administrative seat of the Unitary Authority North East Lincolnshire since 1996 .
etymology
According to legend, the city was founded by a Danish fisherman named Grim . The suffix “by” comes from Old Norse and means village (cf. place or city in modern Danish ). The name Grim goes back to the Anglo-Saxons or Normans . He is a synonym for the Norse god Odin . See also Graemsay Island in Orkney , Grimsay Island in the Hebrides, Grimsbury Castle Hillfort in Oxfordshire , Grim's Ditch an earthwork, Grim's Dyke (name for the Antonine Wall), Grim's Grave stone box (also kistvaen) in Dartmoor . Grimes Graves flint mines, Grimshader (Grims Seat) on Lewis and Harris, Grims Lake Mire (a stone chest in Grims Lake Morass), Grim's Mound a round hill in Lincolnshire , Grimspound in Devon , Grimsetter (Grims Seat) on Orkney and Shetland, Grimsthorpe Castle ( Grims Village), as well as several places called Grimston ( Grimston-Lyles Hill Ware ).
The town was previously called Great Grimsby to distinguish it from Little Grimsby, 22 km south . The people of Grimsby are called Grimbarians .
The city has 87,574 inhabitants (as of 2001). It borders directly on the seaside resort of Cleethorpes . Both cities are administratively separate, but form a single urban area. The town of Scartho, which has a population of 11,000 and was incorporated into the city before the Green Belt Act, also belongs to Grimsby itself. All three areas fall under the jurisdiction of the North East Lincolnshire Authority.
history
Grimsby was founded by Danes in the 9th century. Traces of a small (Roman) settlement, however, go back to the 2nd century AD. Due to the city's good location, it was often the target of ships seeking refuge in storms. It was also known for its rich fish stocks off the coast. Grimsby was originally called Grim's by (Grims village). This part of the name, which comes from Old Norse, has appeared in many settlements on the British Isles since the time of the historical Danelag .
1086 Grimsby is mentioned in the Domesday Book . Accordingly, the place had 200-250 inhabitants at that time. In the village there was a priest, a mill and a ferry, which probably brought people to the other side of the Humber.
In the 12th century the place developed into a small but busy fishing and trading port . In 1201 Grimsby received the charter from King John , d. H. the guarantee of certain rights for residents. In 1218 the first mayor was installed in Grimsby.
The place did not have a city wall, as it was too small for one - but there was a moat. The swampy surrounding area also offered adequate protection. In the Middle Ages the place had two churches - St Mary’s and St James' - the latter of which still exists today. With the Lincoln Cathedral divides St James' , the folk tale of a goblin that has been transformed from an angel in stone.
industrialization
The place grew and prospered until the 15th century. Then the increasing silting up of the port led to a creeping economic decline. 1801 Grimsby had only 1,524 inhabitants. In 1796 a parliamentary act passed the founding of the Great Grimsby Haven Company for the purpose of expanding the port. The increasing trade led to a real boom, among other things iron, wood, wheat, hemp and flax were imported. In 1845 it was decided to build further berths, which became necessary due to the constant growth.
The Dock Tower was completed in 1851. It was followed by various port facilities such as The Royal Dock , No.1 Fish Dock , No.2 Fish Dock , Alexandra Dock and Union Dock . The fishing fleet was greatly expanded during this period.
The connection to the railroad in 1848 made it easier to move goods to and from the port. Coal extracted from the South Yorkshire coalfield was shipped via the railroad and the port of Grimsby. By 1901, Grimsby had 75,000 residents; that number rose to 92,000 by 1931, but then stagnated for the remainder of the 20th century.
In the 1920s, Grimsby was England's most important fishing port and was called the "Home of the Haddock" ( haddock = haddock ). Grimsby still has fishing industry today, but it is declining more and more. They are being replaced by food processing, pharmaceutical and petrochemical companies.
The former Humber ferry, the PS Lincoln Castle , between New Holland and Hull entered service in 1941. With the opening of the bridge over the Humber in 1981, operations ceased. Since then she has been anchored at Alexandra Dock . Here the ship was used as a restaurant at times, its future use is unclear. The Ross Tiger is anchored at the same pier . As part of the National Fishing Heritage Center , this trawler can be visited in summer.
Second World War
The port of Grimsby was increasingly the target of the German Air Force during World War II . The Dock Tower was used as a sign of identification and was left standing. The British government temporarily discussed the demolition of the tower in order to prevent its use as a navigation aid by the Germans. It is believed that due to its location and infrastructure, Grimsby would have been one of the first landing points on the British Isles in the event of a successful German invasion. This was possibly the reason why the city was much less bombed than the neighboring Hull , whose port would have been much more difficult to reach due to its location. However, a total of 197 people were killed in air strikes in Grimsby. The city was the first in 1943 to use the SD 2 bomb .
The Royal Dock was the largest anti-mine ship base in the United Kingdom. These ships were tasked with patrolling the North Sea. A memorial on the pier commemorates this time.
Based on what had happened, the Royal Navy named the ship HMS Grimsby, which was commissioned for modern mine defense in 1999, after the town.
politics
The former Great Grimsby was a borough in North Riding , part of Lindsey , which in turn is part of Lincolnshire . By the Municipal Corporations Act 1835 it was reformed to a municipal borough . In 1889 a district administration was established for Lindsey - Great Grimsby, however, became an independent county borough in 1891 . Over time, the borough expanded, so the village of Wellow (in 1889) and the previously independent parishes Clee-with-Weelsby (1889), Little Coates (1928), Scartho (1928), Weelsby (1928) and Great Coates (1968) incorporated. Great Grimsby had its own police department until 1967 when it was merged with that of Lincolnshire.
In 1974 the Local Government Act 1972 repealed the County Borough and Great Grimsby became part of the new County of Humberside as the new District Grimsby within its old boundaries . The district was renamed Great Grimsby again in 1979 . In 1992 the local government was reorganized by the Local Government Commission for England and Humberside was repealed in 1996, and the districts of Great Grimsby and Cleethorpe became the North East Lincolnshire Unitary Authority . Great Grimsby does not have its own city council - the district is ruled together with Cleethorpes by so-called charter trustees , an administrative form of city alliances. When a debate about naming the district arose in 2007, it was proposed to name it Great Grimsby and Cleethorpes to give a clear indication of the cities that belong to the district. However, this idea did not meet with a positive response from the residents, which is why it was dropped by the Council President a year later.
Town twinning
Grimsby has twinned cities with
Economy and Infrastructure
Grimsby, Immingham and Cleethorpes together form the Greater Grimsby business location . The most important economic sectors are the food industry, port industry and logistics, renewable energies, chemical and process engineering as well as digital media.
Europe's food town
Grimsby is inextricably linked to deep sea fishing, which gave the town much of its present-day prosperity. At its peak in the 1950s, Grimsby was the largest and busiest port in the world. However, the port's handling volume has decreased enormously for many years due to the cod wars with Iceland. Today it is still the largest port in the United Kingdom, but a large part of the sea freight is now imported in containers from other overseas ports and Iceland. Today Greater Grimsby is home to around 500 food manufacturing companies. This makes Grimsby one of the largest locations for the production, research, storage and distribution of food. That is why Grimsby has been called Europe's Food Town for over 15 years . Grimsby is recognized as the UK's fish processing center. More than 100 companies are involved in the production of fresh and frozen fish. The company Young's , which is part of the Foodvest Group, based in Grimsby. The group is Europe's leading food industry and employs around 2500 people at its local headquarters. Young's has a global supply network and supplies 60 species from 30 countries. Other large companies of this type are e.g. B. Coldwater Seafood , which employs 700 people in Grimsby ; and Five Star Fish , the UK's leading seafood supplier to the food industry. Opened in 2008, the Humber Seafood Institute is the first of its kind and is managed by the local authority. It rents its premises to the Seafish Industry Authority and the Grimsby Institute of Further & Higher Education, among others . Greater Grimsby is a hotspot in the production of ready meals and has the largest area of cold stores in Europe.
port
The port of Grimsby is one of the busiest in the UK. Thanks to its good location on the Humber estuary, the resident companies have direct access to continental Europe and beyond. The port generally plays an important role in the commercial life of Great Britain. It is operated by Associated British Ports (ABP), the UK's largest and leading port group. The ports of Grimsby, Immingham and 19 other ports in the UK belong to the group. They are all capable of handling any type of cargo imaginable.
traffic
Grimsby has two railway stations with Grimsby Docks and Grimsby Town . TransPennine Express offers direct connections to Manchester Airport via Doncaster and Sheffield . Northern Trains operates trains to Barton-upon-Humber (with bus connections to Hull ) and Lincoln , and East Midlands Railway operates the route to Nottingham . There are at least hourly connections to Cleethorpes on a single-track route during the day.
The nearest airport is Humberside Airport, 23 km (14 mi) west . It is the base of five airlines and is mainly used for charter flights. Eastern Airways and KLM also offer scheduled flights to Aberdeen and Amsterdam, respectively .
Great Grimsby is at the eastern end of the A180 expressway, which continues at Barnetby as the M180 and leads via Scunthorpe to Thorne . The A16 from Skegness and the A46, which leads from Bath via Coventry , Leicester and Lincoln to Cleethorpes, also end here. The A15 leads from Barnetby over the Humber Bridge to the north bank to Hull . See also: A roads
Local transport in Grimsby
In the past there were two different tram systems in Grimsby: The Grimsby District Light Railway and the Grimsby & Immingham Electric Railway . The former was a horse-drawn tram and opened in 1881. In 1901 it was replaced by an electric train. The operating company was bought by the Grimsby Transport Company in 1925 . The depot moved to Victoria Street in 1927 . In 1937 the railway was finally shut down. Until the 1950s, traffic on the former routes was handled by trolleybuses .
The second line was a standard gauge line opened in 1912 on the route between Grimsby and Immingham; There was no rail connection to the British railway network. Since it was shut down in 1961, local transport on this route has been handled by omnibus.
In the first years after the turn of the millennium, it was proposed to build a tram system based on the model of the Sheffield Supertram in Grimsby . Various reports with details of possible routes were published, but the project failed due to funding. There are currently no efforts to continue the planned project.
With the establishment of the Verkehrsverbund Grimsby-Cleethorpes Transport (GCT), a uniform bus system was introduced in Grimsby in 1957. In the course of this, all existing buses were painted blue and white by the operating company Stagecoach , before switching to caramel-cream colors in 1981. While bus conductors were sometimes used on the journeys before, they were abolished in 1982.
In 2005 Stagecoach bought the company Lincolnshire Road Car , which offered intercity bus connections to Killingholme, Louth and Barton-upon-Humber. Today the operator is called Stagecoach in Lincolnshire . New low-floor buses have been in use since September 2006, which means that the fleet now consists of 85% of these buses.
media
The Grimsby Telegraph has the highest circulation of a local newspaper in Grimsby and the surrounding area with a number of more than 40,000 copies (1st half of 2004). It is the only daily newspaper in the city and has its main office on Cleethorpe Road near the A180. Local radio stations include BBC Radio Humberside (with its studio on Victoria Street ), Lincs FM , Viking FM and Compass FM . The TV broadcaster BBC shares the premises on Victoria Street with its radio station. The regional TV broadcaster ITV Yorkshire is based in neighboring Immingham. Channel 7 Television is a satellite and cable broadcaster based in Immingham and the Grimsby Institute .
Personalities
Born in Grimsby
- Shirley Bloomer (born 1934), tennis player
- Ray Edmonds (* 1936), English snooker and English billiards player
- Freddie Frinton (1909-1968), comedian
- Freddie Frith (1909–1988), motorcycle racer
- Kate Haywood (born 1987), swimmer
- Gary Johnson (* 1980), motorcycle racer
- Duncan McKenzie (born 1950), football player
- Melanie Onn (* 1979), politician
- Mike Sinclair (1938-2017), football player
- George Spencer-Brown (1923–2016), philosopher and mathematician
- Thomas Turgoose (born 1992), actor
- John Whitgift (~ 1530–1604), Archbishop of Canterbury
Trivia
The English singer Elton John dedicated a song to the port city that appeared on his 1974 album Caribou .
Individual evidence
- ↑ BBC - Great Grimsby Day
- ↑ p. 88 Mysterious Britain , Janet and Colin Bord, (1972) Garnstone Press Ltd.
- ↑ Population statistics ( Memento of the original from November 21, 2008 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ^ PS Lincoln Castle
- ^ National Fishing Heritage Center
- ↑ War memorial
- ↑ HMS Grimsby
- ↑ Vision of Britain - Great Grimsby ( Memento of the original from February 24, 2012 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ a b c Vision of Britain - Grimsby MB / CB ( Memento of the original from February 24, 2012 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. ( historic map ( page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. )
- ↑ A History of the Lincolnshire Branch - Chapter One - The First Ten Years ( Memento of the original from February 14, 2009 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ^ A b The Humberside (Structural Change) Order 1995 SI 1995/600
- ↑ North East Lincolnshire Council - Council to consult on possible name change ( page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Business Welcomes Rebrand - Archived copy ( memento of the original from June 30, 2012 in the web archive archive.today ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/uk/7959788.stm
- ↑ fish market
- ↑ North East Lincolnshire Council, Regeneration Strategy 2006-2022 ( page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (PDF)
- ↑ http://www.youngsseafood.co.uk
- ↑ http://www.coldwater.co.uk
- ↑ http://www.fivestarfish.co.uk
- ↑ Archived copy ( memento of the original dated February 22, 2011 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ^ The UK's food production capital uncovered
- ↑ BBC Radio Humberside ( Memento of the original dated December 23, 2007 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
