Adolph von Carlowitz

This article deals with the Saxon Minister of War. On the Prussian Upper Government Council see Adolf von Carlowitz .

Adolph von Carlowitz

Hans Carl Adolph von Carlowitz (born March 25, 1858 in Riesa , † July 9, 1928 in Gersdorf bei Roßwein ) was a Saxon infantry general and minister of war .

Life

origin

Adolph comes from the old Meissen noble family Carlowitz . His father Georg Job von Carlowitz (1815–1886) was a royal Saxon magistrate, his mother was Ida, born von Könneritz (1828–1916) from the baronial house.

After attending school from 1871 and graduating from high school in 1877 at the Princely School in Grimma , he studied law at the University of Leipzig from 1877 , where he became a member of the " Landsmannschaft Grimensia zu Leipzig".

Military career

In 1879 Carlowitz finally broke off his studies and began an officer career with the Saxon Army . Carlowitz attended the Prussian War Academy from 1885 to 1888 and after completing it served several times in the Great General Staff in Berlin. After changing the use of troops and staff, he was at the General Command of the XII. Army Corps from April 1904 as Lieutenant Colonel Chief of the General Staff. In 1908 he took command of the Leib Grenadier Regiment No. 100 as a colonel . In the spring of 1912 he was general à la suite of Friedrich August III. and in 1913 promoted to Lieutenant General Adjutant General of the King. After his appointment as Minister of War in May 1914, however, he was only able to exercise this function for a few months.

As Minister of War, actually intended to lead an army in the event of war, Carlowitz only took over the newly established XXVII in early September 1914 . Reserve Corps . His immediate predecessor as Minister of War, Colonel General Max von Hausen , was entrusted with the leadership of the 3rd Army . The management of official business in the Dresden War Ministry took over as Lieutenant General zD Karl Victor von Wilsdorf , who was then appointed Minister of War in October 1915. Carlowitz, promoted to General of the Infantry on September 10, 1914, warned the army high command in vain against the early deployment of his corps.

In the course of the First Battle of Flanders for Ypres , it became clear that Carlowitz, who had previously had no experience as leader of a corps or division, was overwhelmed with his task as commanding general . Due to a heart disease, he gave up his command at the end of October 1914. After a month of recovery, he was given command of the 12th Reserve Division . In August 1915 Carlowitz took on the Eastern Front , the III. Reserve Corps , which he wisely led in the defensive battles during the Russian spring offensive in 1916 , as well as the forces combined under his command in the Smorgon area in the summer of the same year .

In August 1917, Carlowitz succeeded the late Maximilian von Laffert as commanding general of the XIX. Army Corps on the Western Front . He led this under the name "Aubers Group" in April 1918 in the successful attack operation at Armentières , for which he was awarded the Order Pour le Mérite .

At the beginning of August 1918, Carlowitz was given the command of the 9th Army, defending between Oise and Aisne in France . After its dissolution at the end of September 1918, he became Commander in Chief of the 2nd Army (Heeresgruppe Boehn ), which fought against the British 4th Army under Rawlinson for Cambrai and St. Quentin .

On January 14, 1919, at the age of 60, he retired from military service and spent his short retirement in Gersdorf near Roßwein. He was one of the few Saxon generals who exercised command of an entire army during the First World War .

Grave of Adolph von Carlowitz in the north cemetery in Dresden

Carlowitz died on July 9, 1928 at Gersdorf Castle near Roßwein and was buried in the Dresden Military Cemetery (Nordfriedhof).

Awards

On July 29, 1917 he received the order Pour le Mérite , the oak leaves to him was awarded on May 25, 1918. Since May 5, 1918, he was also Commander First Class of the Military Order of St. Henry .

family

On May 31, 1893, Carlowitz married Emma Priska von Stieglitz (* December 10, 1870 in Dresden , † January 26, 1947 in Freiberg / Saxony ), the youngest daughter of the Saxon lieutenant general Thuisko von Stieglitz . The couple had four children:

• Esther (1894–1946), eldest daughter, her first marriage in 1914 to Georg Graf zu Münster-Langelage , who died in 1916 in the First World War. In 1921 she married Arndt von Kirchbach , theologian , superintendent and cathedral preacher , in her second marriage .
• Elisabeth Charlotte (Lieselotte) (1896–1962) ⚭ 1923 Joachim Graf von Wallwitz (1889–1944).
• Ruth (1898–1966) ⚭ 1939 Ferdinand Freiherr von Fürstenberg .
• Adolf (1900–1966), Dr. jur. , Ministerialdirigent ⚭ 1927 Vera Freiin von Lüttwitz (* 1899).

literature

• Carl Adolph von Carlowitz. In: Messages from the Freiberg Antiquities Association. 85: 95-96 (2000).
• Regine Hengelhaupt: Carl Adolph von Carlowitz and Kuckuckstein. In: Dresdner Hefte. Vol. 69 (2002), 1, pp. 53-58.
• Max Mechow: Well-known CCers. Historia Academica, Volume 8/9, pp. 33-34.
• Hans Möller: History of the knights of the order pour le mérite in the world war. Verlag Bernard & Graefe, Berlin 1935, Volume 1, pp. 186 ff.
• The Saxon Army in the Peace Years. In: JE Hottenroth (Ed.): Saxony in great time. Volume 1, Leipzig 1923, pp. 62-74.
• German Biographical Yearbook. 10/1931 (1928), pp. 31-34.
• Calendar for the Saxon state officials to the year 1915. Dresden 1915.
• E. v. Tschischwitz (Ed.): General von der Marwitz. World War Letters. Berlin 1940, pp. 318-321.
• K. Unruh: Langemarck. Legend and reality. Koblenz 1986, p. 131f.
• General of the Infantry Hans Carl Adolf von C. (1858–1928). In: The Military Cemetery Dresden Albertstadt (The North Cemetery). Dresden 1998, p. 18f.
• Gothaisches genealogical pocket book of the noble houses. German nobility. 1920, 21st year, Gotha, Justus Perthes.
• Genealogical manual of the nobility. Noble Houses A. Volume VII, CA Starke Verlag, 1965.

Web links

• Peter Mertens: Carlowitz Hans Karl (Carl) Adolf (Adolph) von . In: Institute for Saxon History and Folklore (Ed.): Saxon Biography .
• Entry in Personen.Wiki of SLUB Dresden
• Entry in the Nordisk familjebok 1923 (Swedish)
• Jan Hoffmann: The Saxon Army in the German Empire 1871 to 1918 (PDF; 1.4 MB), Dresden 2006
• General of the Infantry Adolph von Carlowitz at www.deutsche-kriegsgeschichte.de , accessed on June 7, 2011

Individual evidence

1. ^ Genealogical handbook of the nobility. Noble houses A. Volume VII, CA Starke Verlag, 1965, p. 85.
2. ^ Gothaisches Genealogisches Taschenbuch der Nobeligen houses. German Uradel, 1920, 21st year, Gotha, Justus Perthes, p. 183.
3. ↑ Jonas Flöter, Marita Pesenecker: Education for the Elite. The Princely and State Schools of Grimma, Meißen and Schulpforte around 1900. Publication for the exhibition in the Grimma District Museum, Leipzig 2003, ISBN 3-937209-33-6 , p. 98.
4. ^ Peter Mertens: Carlowitz, Hans Karl (Carl) Adolf (Adolph) von . In: Martina Schattkowsky (scientific director): Saxon Biography . Institute for Saxon History and Folklore eV, online (accessed on February 6, 2010)
5. ↑ Awarding of the Pour le Mérite, on www.pourlemerite.org, accessed December 5, 2007 ( Memento of the original of November 24, 2010 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. 
6. ↑ The Royal Saxon Military St. Heinrich Order. 1736-1918. An honor sheet of the Saxon Army. Wilhelm and Bertha von Baensch Foundation, Dresden 1937, p. 72.