Ahlbach

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Ahlbach
Ahlbach coat of arms
Coordinates: 50 ° 26 ′ 13 ″  N , 8 ° 5 ′ 13 ″  E
Height : 197  (160–246)  m above sea level NHN
Area : 5.04 km²
Residents : 1281  (Sep 2019)
Population density : 254 inhabitants / km²
Incorporation : December 31, 1971
Postal code : 65554
Area code : 06433
map
Ahlbach as a district of Limburg

Ahlbach is the smallest district of the district town of Limburg an der Lahn in the central Hessian district of Limburg-Weilburg .

geography

Former basalt quarry Käfernberg, today a nature reserve

Ahlbach is located around five kilometers northeast of the core city of Limburg. In the east, the federal highways 49 and 54 , which run together, lead directly past the village and branch off there to the northeast (B 54, direction Siegen ) and northwest (B 49, direction Gießen ). The "Big Mountain" north of the town is at 246 meters the highest point in the entire Limburg city area. A few hundred meters west of it there is a second elevation, the Käfernberg, which has been largely eroded by the basalt mining. The place itself is about 190 to 200 meters above sea level.

The Ahlbach district borders clockwise from the west on Niederhadamar , Hadamar , Niederweyer , Oberweyer , Obertiefenbach , Dehrn and Offheim . With the exception of the nature reserve at the former basalt quarry, the district has no forest and consists almost exclusively of agricultural land. The Ahlbacher district rises towards the northwest. The lowest point is around 160 meters in a floodplain near the Urselthaler Hof.

The place is naturally assigned to the Limburg Basin . One of its subdivisions is named after him: the Ahlbacher Bördenplatte, an area with a particularly thick loess cover .

history

Basalt column fountain in the village square
Farmhouse from Ahlbach, built in 1687. Today in Hessenpark it has been prepared as a typical village post house.

The name "Ahlbach" probably goes back to the name "Ahl" for a protected area on the outskirts where cattle were housed.

The oldest archaeological find in today's Ahlbach district was made in 1950 on the Käferberg: a stone ax from the Neolithic Age . Shortly afterwards, an urn from the Hallstatt period came to light. A Franconian row grave field was discovered near today's cemetery , which can roughly be dated to the year 500. The place gained importance because in its vicinity the Hohe Straße from the Westerwald met the Lange Meil , which ran north from the Lahnfurt near Dietkirchen .

In August 772, Ahlbach was first mentioned in the Lorsch Codex in a deed of donation from the Rupertine woman Rachild to the Lorsch Monastery .

For the second half of the 13th century a knight family "von Ahlbach" is proven, which among other things put castle men at Schadeck Castle . The most important representative of the family was Heinrich von Ahlbach, 1380-1390 abbot of the influential St. Alban Monastery in Mainz. In 1420 the last member of the family died. A large part of their property in Ahlbach was inherited by the Frei von Dehrn family of knights. In addition to the Frei, the Counts of Katzenelnbogen and several monasteries and monasteries in the Lahn region had farms in Ahlbach in the High Middle Ages.

The bakery, which no longer exists today, served as the first town hall in Ahlbach, where lessons were given from 1730 until the first school was built in 1824. In 1935 the building on the corner of Kirchstrasse and Bergstrasse was demolished.

In addition to agriculture, basalt mining was of economic importance. From the end of the 17th century, mining took place sporadically when roads were built in the area. This business was operated on a larger scale from 1870, when a South Hessian company bought the Ahlbach quarry, which had not been very important until then. Production ceased in the early 1970s. The former quarry has largely eroded the Käfernberg north of the village. The hill with the flooded quarry is now a nature reserve, which is followed by a recreational area with a barbecue area. Clay , ocher , brown iron stone and phosphorite were also mined near Ahlbach to a small extent .

In 1925 the place was connected to the electricity network and in 1953 it was equipped with running water.

As part of the regional reform in Hesse , the previously independent municipality of Ahlbach was incorporated into the district town of Limburg an der Lahn on December 31, 1971. Ahlbach has had a village community center since 1972 .

Church history

Probably in the 12th century, the first chapel in the village was built as a private church by Frei von Dehrn. Ecclesiastically, Ahlbach was assigned to the Lubentiusstift in Dietkirchen. In documents securely grasped the chapel for the first time 1366. It was a single-nave, Romanesque building with roof skylights instead of a tower. In 1564 Ahlbach was attached to the newly founded parish in Oberweyer. Ahlbach did not get its own pastor until 1871, but remained the parish vicarie of Oberweyer. In 1873 the cemetery was moved from the area around the church to its current location on the outskirts. A sacristy was built at the chapel, and a tower was placed on its massive walls in 1880. In the course of this work, the chapel was expanded into a neo-Romanesque church . Hardly anything has been preserved from the old structure. New expansion plans for the church in the 1920s failed because the collected donations became worthless due to inflation in the wake of the global economic crisis .

In 1959 a larger new building was completed according to plans by the Wiesbaden architect Paul Johannbroer. The church, which is now a listed building, stands out due to its exposed masonry made of scarf stone. The stained glass windows were created by the artist Johannes Beeck . Altars, pulpit and baptismal font are made of gray Wirbelau marble . In 1964, a separate Ahlbach parish was also formally created. In 1967 the new elementary school was completed. The old school building became the parish center.

Niederahlbach and the Urselthaler Hof

Field cross on the way to the Urselthaler Hof. The trees in the background mark the course of the Long Meil .

Around 1550, the neighboring village of Niederahlbach to the south-west fell into desolation . In 1633/34 Count Johann Ludwig von Nassau-Hadamar bought all of the land that had belonged to the former village and had an estate built there, which was named "Urselthaler Hof" after his wife. Today the farm is managed as a state domain .

Territorial history and administration

The following list gives an overview of the territories in which Ahlbach was located and the administrative units to which it was subordinate:

population

Population development

The oldest "population statistics" comes from 1518 and reports about 69 residents of the place. After the Thirty Years War only 14 people lived in Ahlbach. In 1750 there were 156 inhabitants and in 1840 there were again 486 inhabitants.

Ahlbach: Population from 1834 to 2014
year     Residents
1834
  
422
1840
  
469
1846
  
520
1852
  
575
1858
  
584
1864
  
610
1871
  
589
1875
  
583
1885
  
634
1895
  
606
1905
  
610
1910
  
629
1925
  
709
1939
  
704
1946
  
861
1950
  
849
1956
  
860
1961
  
908
1967
  
961
1970
  
1.011
1974
  
978
1987
  
1,044
1994
  
1,149
2014
  
1,244
Data source: Historical municipality register for Hesse: The population of the municipalities from 1834 to 1967. Wiesbaden: Hessisches Statistisches Landesamt, 1968.
Other sources:

Religious affiliation

 Source: Historical local dictionary

• 1885: 02 Protestant, 632 Catholic residents
• 1961: 55 Protestant, 853 Roman Catholic residents

societies

Public facilities

  • Parish Church of St. Bartholomew
  • Ahlbach volunteer fire brigade , founded in 1908 (since October 6, 1979 with youth fire brigade and since April 2, 2011 with children's fire brigade)
  • Catholic kindergarten
  • primary school
  • Sports field (artificial turf)

Web links

Commons : Limburg-Ahlbach  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. Budget statute - budget year 2013. Limburg ad Lahn, accessed in December 2018 .
  2. Limburg in Numbers , accessed in January 2020.
  3. Minst, Karl Josef [transl.]: Lorscher Codex (Volume 5), Certificate 3170, August 12, 772 - Reg. 792. In: Heidelberger historical stocks - digital. Heidelberg University Library, p. 107 , accessed on February 17, 2016 .
  4. ^ Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality directory for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer GmbH, Stuttgart and Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 369 .
  5. Catholic Parish Church of St. Bartholomew on DenkXweb
  6. a b c Ahlbach, Limburg-Weilburg district. Historical local dictionary for Hessen. (As of March 23, 2018). In: Landesgeschichtliches Informationssystem Hessen (LAGIS).
  7. ^ Michael Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. State of Hesse. (Online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006).