Altheim (Munster)
Altheim
Municipality of Münster (Hesse)
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Coordinates: 49 ° 55 ′ 5 ″ N , 8 ° 53 ′ 37 ″ E | |
Height : | 136 m above sea level NHN |
Area : | 7.93 km² |
Residents : | 2662 (June 30, 2016) |
Population density : | 336 inhabitants / km² |
Incorporation : | December 31, 1971 |
Postal code : | 64839 |
Area code : | 06071 |
Altheim is a district of Münster (Hesse) in the Darmstadt-Dieburg district in southern Hesse . Historically, the name " Spitzaltheim " was also used at times .
Geographical location
Altheim is four kilometers north-east of Dieburg south of the B26 , which separates the place from the northern core municipality of Münster, on the flat plain of the natural area Gersprenzniederung in the Dieburger Bucht of the Eastern Lower Main Plain ( Hanau-Seligenstädter Senke ) at 135 m above sea level. NHN . The Semme flows west of the village .
history
Territorial history
Altheim was first mentioned in the 12th century. In 1357 Altheim is documented as a fiefdom from the Lords of Eppstein to the Gayling von Altheim family . In 1318 Konrad Krieg von Altheim had the tithe from Gottfried von Eppstein as a fief. In 1500 Balthasar, forester from Gelnhausen, is in possession of the tithe. There are three aristocratic families in the village: the Gayling von Altheim (since 1254), the Krieg von Altheim (since 1276) and the Schade von Altheim (since 1342).
In 1527, Elector Ludwig V of the Palatinate exchanged the previously Palatinate half of Altheim with Count Philipp III. von Hanau-Lichtenberg against the Hanau possessions at Astheim and Trebur . In the same year, Count Philipp III. also the previous quarter of the Archbishop of Mainz . In 1542 Altheim belongs entirely to the County of Hanau-Lichtenberg, where it was assigned to the Babenhausen office.
After the death of the last Hanau count, Johann Reinhard III. , there was almost a military conflict between the Landgraviate of Hesse-Kassel and the Landgraviate of Hesse-Darmstadt around the Babenhausen office . Both sides occupied a part of the office with their military. The dispute could only be ended after a long-standing legal dispute before the highest imperial courts in 1771 through a settlement, the so-called participation recess . Thereafter Altheim fell together with Dietzenbach , Harpertshausen , Schaafheim and Schlierbach to Hessen-Darmstadt, which in 1773 formed the Schaafheim Office .
The statistical-topographical-historical description of the Grand Duchy of Hesse reports on Altheim in 1829:
»Altheim (L. Bez. Dieburg) also Spitzaltheim; Lutheran parish village, is 1 St. from Dieburg and 1 1 ⁄ 2 St. from Umstadt, and has 140 houses and 868 inhabitants, who are Lutheran except for 17 Catholics and 59 Jews. The inhabitants export a lot of barley, millet, flax, beans, etc. In the district of Altheim there is a grinding and oil mill, as can be found in the same Roman burial mounds, of which the so-called Hainhügel is the largest. Altheim was originally an Eppenstein fiefdom. The Geilinge, the Damage, the Wars, those of Wasen and Dorfelden were vassals, and divided into property. In 1527 Churpfalz, Churmainz and the Geiling family appear with Vogteilichkeit etc .; the one with half this, and the Geilinge each with 1 ⁄ 4 . At this time, Count Philipp von Hanau bought the Palatinate and Mainz shares, and presumably also the Geilingische 1 ⁄ 1 at that time . In 1521, certain Hanauic authorizations and shares in Altheim were struck for Babenhausen Castle. After the exit of the Hanau-Lichtenberg line in 1736, both Hessen-Darmstadt and Hessen-Cassel took advantage of the Babenhausen office. In the comparisons of 1762 and 1771, Altheim came to the first house. The village was looted twice during the Thirty Years War; the last time of more than 8000 Poles. "
The following list gives an overview of the territories in which Altheim was located and the administrative units to which it was subordinate:
- before 1736: Holy Roman Empire , County Hanau-Lichtenberg , Amt Babenhausen
- 1736–1773: Disputed between the Landgraviate of Hessen-Darmstadt and the Landgraviate of Hessen-Kassel
- from 1773: Holy Roman Empire, Landgraviate Hessen-Darmstadt (by comparison with Landgraviate Hessen-Kassel), Office Schaafheim
- from 1803: Holy Roman Empire, Landgraviate Hessen-Darmstadt, Principality of Starkenburg , Office of Schaafheim
- from 1806: Confederation of the Rhine , Grand Duchy of Hesse , Principality of Starkenburg, Schaafheim Office
- from 1815: German Confederation , Grand Duchy of Hesse, Province of Starkenburg , Schaafheim Office
- from 1821: German Confederation, Grand Duchy of Hesse, Starkenburg Province, Dieburg District District (separation between justice ( Umstadt district court ) and administration)
- from 1832: German Confederation, Grand Duchy of Hesse, Province of Starkenburg, District of Dieburg
- from 1848: German Confederation, Grand Duchy of Hesse, Dieburg administrative region
- from 1852: German Confederation, Grand Duchy of Hesse, Province of Starkenburg, District of Dieburg
- from 1866: Grand Duchy of Hesse, Province of Starkenburg, District of Dieburg
- from 1871: German Empire , Grand Duchy of Hesse, Province of Starkenburg, District of Dieburg
- from 1918: German Empire, People's State of Hesse , Starkenburg Province, Dieburg District
- from 1938: German Empire, People's State of Hesse, District of Dieburg (In the course of the regional reform in 1938 , the three Hessian provinces of Starkenburg, Rheinhessen and Upper Hesse were dissolved.)
- from 1945: American zone of occupation , Greater Hesse , Darmstadt district, Dieburg district
- from 1949: Federal Republic of Germany , State of Hesse , Darmstadt district, Dieburg district
- on December 31, 1971 to the municipality of Münster
- from 1977: Federal Republic of Germany, State of Hesse, administrative district Darmstadt, administrative district Darmstadt-Dieburg in which the administrative districts of Dieburg and Darmstadt were dissolved in the course of the regional reform in Hesse .
dishes
The competent jurisdiction of the first instance was:
- belonging to the district court Dieburg
- from 1821: Umstadt district court
- from 1879: Groß-Gerau district court
- from 1905: Dieburg District Court
At 31 December 1971 Altheim was in the course of administrative reform in Hesse volunteer in the community Munster incorporated . A local district according to the Hessian municipal code was not established.
Historical forms of names
In documents that have been preserved, Altheim was mentioned under the following names (the year it was mentioned in brackets): Alderheim (1137) (?); Altheim et Altheim (1189-1220); Kleinen Altheim (1318); Altheim (1354); Great Altheim (1357); Altheym (1376); Althem (1418); Altheim (1429); Altheyme (1443); Althem (1487); Althum (1490); Old (1500); Spitzaltheim (1527); Spitz Altheim (1582); Spitzaltheim (1688); Spitzaltheim (1806).
Population development
• 1806: | 682 inhabitants, 118 houses |
• 1829: | 868 inhabitants, 140 houses |
• 1867: | 796 inhabitants, 140 houses |
Altheim: Population from 1806 to 2011 | ||||
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year | Residents | |||
1806 | 682 | |||
1829 | 868 | |||
1834 | 865 | |||
1840 | 854 | |||
1846 | 871 | |||
1852 | 898 | |||
1858 | 853 | |||
1864 | 791 | |||
1871 | 770 | |||
1875 | 807 | |||
1885 | 759 | |||
1895 | 748 | |||
1905 | 842 | |||
1910 | 817 | |||
1925 | 778 | |||
1939 | 739 | |||
1946 | 1,170 | |||
1950 | 1,259 | |||
1956 | 1,175 | |||
1961 | 1,178 | |||
1967 | 1,268 | |||
1970 | 1,325 | |||
1980 | ? | |||
1990 | ? | |||
2000 | ? | |||
2011 | 2,589 | |||
Data source: Historical municipality register for Hesse: The population of the municipalities from 1834 to 1967. Wiesbaden: Hessisches Statistisches Landesamt, 1968. Further sources:; 2011 census |
Religious affiliation
• 1829: | 792 Lutheran (= 91.42%), 49 Jewish (= 5.65%) and 17 Catholic (= 1.96%) residents |
• 1961: | 981 Protestant (= 83.28%), 189 Catholic (= 16.04%) residents |
church
The oldest part of the church dates from the 10th century. The 45 m high tower was built between 1518 and 1520. The name of the place Spitz-Altheim was derived from this tower ( Spitz-Älthemer church tower ) in earlier centuries . Central church authority in the Middle Ages was the Archdeaconate of St. Peter and Alexander in Aschaffenburg , Landkapitel Montat . With the Reformation , the place - like the entire county of Hanau-Lichtenberg - became Lutheran .
coat of arms
The modern coat of arms design shows the three red rafters on a golden background in the shield and refers to the long state rule of the House of Hanau and its coat of arms . In the middle there is a gray (silver) jug on a black plate. Its meaning is not entirely clear, as there is no reference to the three local aristocratic families who had a silver stag pole on a blue background as their coat of arms. Karl Ernst Demandt notes that the oldest court seal in Altheim, printed in 1528 and 1715, depicts the Hanau rafters and behind them a lay judge as a sign holder growing with a jug in his right hand. He suspects a word allusion to the local aristocracy, the Altheim War, which died out at the beginning of the 16th century . The design of the coat of arms was therefore created by eliminating the shield holder figure of the lay judge, which was not in accordance with the coat of arms, by combining the coat of arms and the symbol of the jug.
Regular events
- October: curb
Infrastructure
Altheim has a neoclassical town hall . The place has its own kindergarten , which is supported by the Evangelical Church Community, and a primary school , the rainbow school .
The Hessische Ludwigsbahn built the Rhein-Main-Bahn and started operating it in 1858. Altheim received a stop in the section between Darmstadt Ludwigsbahnhof (today: Darmstadt Hauptbahnhof ) and Aschaffenburg Hauptbahnhof . It was originally put into operation under the name Altheim and renamed Altheim (Hesse) in 1904 . Today the name Altheim (Hess.) Is used.
literature
- Barbara Demandt: The medieval church organization in Hesse south of the Main = Writings of the Hessian State Office for Historical Regional Studies 29 (1966), p. 91f.
- Max Herchenröder : The art monuments of the district of Dieburg . 1940, pp. 1-9.
- Wilhelm Müller: Hessian place name book . Volume 1: Starkenburg. 1937, pp. 9-13.
- Hans Georg Ruppel (edit.): Historical place directory for the area of the former Grand Duchy and People's State of Hesse with evidence of district and court affiliation from 1820 until the changes in the course of the municipal territorial reform = Darmstädter Archivschriften 2. 1976, p. 49.
- Dagmar Söder: Cultural monuments in Hessen. Offenbach district = monument topography Federal Republic of Germany. 1987, pp. 366-375.
- Regina Schäfer: The Lords of Eppstein. Exercise of power, administration and possession of a noble family in the late Middle Ages . Wiesbaden: Historische Komm. Für Nassau, 2000, pp. 369–370, 372–373. ISBN 3-930221-08-X .
- Literature about Altheim in the Hessian Bibliography
Web links
- Altheim In: Website of the municipality of Münster (Hessen).
- Altheim, Darmstadt-Dieburg district. Historical local dictionary for Hessen. In: Landesgeschichtliches Informationssystem Hessen (LAGIS).
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b Figures, data, facts. In: Website of the municipality of Münster. Retrieved November 25, 2017 .
- ↑ a b c d e f g Altheim, Darmstadt-Dieburg district. Historical local lexicon for Hesse (as of April 17, 2018). In: Landesgeschichtliches Informationssystem Hessen (LAGIS). Hessian State Office for Historical Cultural Studies (HLGL), accessed on May 24, 2018 .
- ^ A b c Georg Wilhelm Justin Wagner : Statistical-topographical-historical description of the Grand Duchy of Hesse: Province of Starkenburg . tape 1 . Carl Wilhelm Leske, Darmstadt October 1829, OCLC 312528080 , p. 3 ( online at google books ).
- ^ Michael Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. State of Hesse. (Online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006).
- ^ Grand Ducal Central Office for State Statistics (ed.): Contributions to the statistics of the Grand Duchy of Hesse . tape 1 . Großherzoglicher Staatsverlag, Darmstadt 1862, DNB 013163434 , OCLC 894925483 , p. 43 ff . ( Online at google books ).
- ↑ a b List of offices, places, houses, population. (1806): Spitzaltheim HStAD inventory E 8 A No. 352/4. In: Archive Information System Hessen (Arcinsys Hessen), as of February 6, 1806.
- ↑ Karl-Heinz Meier barley, Karl Reinhard Hinkel: Hesse. Municipalities and counties after the regional reform. A documentation . Ed .: Hessian Minister of the Interior. Bernecker, Melsungen 1977, DNB 770396321 , OCLC 180532844 , p. 236 .
- ^ Ph. AF Walther : Alphabetical index of the residential places in the Grand Duchy of Hesse . G. Jonghaus, Darmstadt 1869, OCLC 162355422 , p. 2 ( online at google books ).
- ↑ Selected data on population and households on May 9, 2011 in the Hessian municipalities and parts of the municipality. (PDF; 1.8 MB) In: 2011 Census . Hessian State Statistical Office
- ↑ According to the municipality of Münster, the coat of arms is: ... "but only a draft that has not been officially approved" and therefore cannot be found at HADIS Hessen.
- ↑ Hermann Knodt (ed.): Hessisches Ortswappenbuch , double volume 1 and 2, arr. on behalf of the Wiesbaden State Archives by the State Archives Councilors Karl Demandt (for Hesse) and Otto Renkhoff (for Nassau), Glücksburg, CA Starke Verlag , 1956, p. 68
- ↑ Darmstädter Echo , Friday, October 7, 2016, p. 26
- ↑ Eisenbahndirektion Mainz (ed.): Official Gazette of the Royal Prussian and Grand Ducal Hessian Railway Directorate in Mainz of February 27, 1904, No. 10. Announcement No. 96, p. 131f (132).
- ↑ Railway Atlas Germany . 10th edition. Schweers + Wall, Cologne 2017, ISBN 3-921679-13-3 .