Altheim (Munster)

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Altheim
Municipality of Münster (Hesse)
Coat of arms of the former municipality of Altheim
Coordinates: 49 ° 55 ′ 5 ″  N , 8 ° 53 ′ 37 ″  E
Height : 136 m above sea level NHN
Area : 7.93 km²
Residents : 2662  (June 30, 2016)
Population density : 336 inhabitants / km²
Incorporation : December 31, 1971
Postal code : 64839
Area code : 06071

Altheim is a district of Münster (Hesse) in the Darmstadt-Dieburg district in southern Hesse . Historically, the name " Spitzaltheim " was also used at times .

Geographical location

Altheim is four kilometers north-east of Dieburg south of the B26 , which separates the place from the northern core municipality of Münster, on the flat plain of the natural area Gersprenzniederung in the Dieburger Bucht of the Eastern Lower Main Plain ( Hanau-Seligenstädter Senke ) at 135  m above sea level. NHN . The Semme flows west of the village .

history

Territorial history

Hanau coat of arms on the former "Zum Löwen" inn in Altheim. The Order of the Garter (" Honi soit qui mal y pense ") is a free ingredient
Altheim half-timbered houses

Altheim was first mentioned in the 12th century. In 1357 Altheim is documented as a fiefdom from the Lords of Eppstein to the Gayling von Altheim family . In 1318 Konrad Krieg von Altheim had the tithe from Gottfried von Eppstein as a fief. In 1500 Balthasar, forester from Gelnhausen, is in possession of the tithe. There are three aristocratic families in the village: the Gayling von Altheim (since 1254), the Krieg von Altheim (since 1276) and the Schade von Altheim (since 1342).

In 1527, Elector Ludwig V of the Palatinate exchanged the previously Palatinate half of Altheim with Count Philipp III. von Hanau-Lichtenberg against the Hanau possessions at Astheim and Trebur . In the same year, Count Philipp III. also the previous quarter of the Archbishop of Mainz . In 1542 Altheim belongs entirely to the County of Hanau-Lichtenberg, where it was assigned to the Babenhausen office.

After the death of the last Hanau count, Johann Reinhard III. , there was almost a military conflict between the Landgraviate of Hesse-Kassel and the Landgraviate of Hesse-Darmstadt around the Babenhausen office . Both sides occupied a part of the office with their military. The dispute could only be ended after a long-standing legal dispute before the highest imperial courts in 1771 through a settlement, the so-called participation recess . Thereafter Altheim fell together with Dietzenbach , Harpertshausen , Schaafheim and Schlierbach to Hessen-Darmstadt, which in 1773 formed the Schaafheim Office .

The statistical-topographical-historical description of the Grand Duchy of Hesse reports on Altheim in 1829:

»Altheim (L. Bez. Dieburg) also Spitzaltheim; Lutheran parish village, is 1 St. from Dieburg and 1 1 ⁄ 2 St. from Umstadt, and has 140 houses and 868 inhabitants, who are Lutheran except for 17 Catholics and 59 Jews. The inhabitants export a lot of barley, millet, flax, beans, etc. In the district of Altheim there is a grinding and oil mill, as can be found in the same Roman burial mounds, of which the so-called Hainhügel is the largest. Altheim was originally an Eppenstein fiefdom. The Geilinge, the Damage, the Wars, those of Wasen and Dorfelden were vassals, and divided into property. In 1527 Churpfalz, Churmainz and the Geiling family appear with Vogteilichkeit etc .; the one with half this, and the Geilinge each with 1 ⁄ 4 . At this time, Count Philipp von Hanau bought the Palatinate and Mainz shares, and presumably also the Geilingische 1 ⁄ 1 at that time . In 1521, certain Hanauic authorizations and shares in Altheim were struck for Babenhausen Castle. After the exit of the Hanau-Lichtenberg line in 1736, both Hessen-Darmstadt and Hessen-Cassel took advantage of the Babenhausen office. In the comparisons of 1762 and 1771, Altheim came to the first house. The village was looted twice during the Thirty Years War; the last time of more than 8000 Poles. "

The following list gives an overview of the territories in which Altheim was located and the administrative units to which it was subordinate:

dishes

The competent jurisdiction of the first instance was:

At 31 December 1971 Altheim was in the course of administrative reform in Hesse volunteer in the community Munster incorporated . A local district according to the Hessian municipal code was not established.

Historical forms of names

In documents that have been preserved, Altheim was mentioned under the following names (the year it was mentioned in brackets): Alderheim (1137) (?); Altheim et Altheim (1189-1220); Kleinen Altheim (1318); Altheim (1354); Great Altheim (1357); Altheym (1376); Althem (1418); Altheim (1429); Altheyme (1443); Althem (1487); Althum (1490); Old (1500); Spitzaltheim (1527); Spitz Altheim (1582); Spitzaltheim (1688); Spitzaltheim (1806).

Population development

• 1806: 682 inhabitants, 118 houses
• 1829: 868 inhabitants, 140 houses
• 1867: 796 inhabitants, 140 houses
Altheim: Population from 1806 to 2011
year     Residents
1806
  
 682
1829
  
 868
1834
  
 865
1840
  
 854
1846
  
 871
1852
  
 898
1858
  
 853
1864
  
 791
1871
  
 770
1875
  
 807
1885
  
 759
1895
  
 748
1905
  
 842
1910
  
 817
1925
  
 778
1939
  
 739
1946
  
 1,170
1950
  
 1,259
1956
  
 1,175
1961
  
 1,178
1967
  
 1,268
1970
  
 1,325
1980
  
 ?
1990
  
 ?
2000
  
 ?
2011
  
 2,589
Data source: Historical municipality register for Hesse: The population of the municipalities from 1834 to 1967. Wiesbaden: Hessisches Statistisches Landesamt, 1968.
Further sources:; 2011 census

Religious affiliation

• 1829: 792 Lutheran (= 91.42%), 49 Jewish (= 5.65%) and 17 Catholic (= 1.96%) residents
• 1961: 981 Protestant (= 83.28%), 189 Catholic (= 16.04%) residents

church

The oldest part of the church dates from the 10th century. The 45 m high tower was built between 1518 and 1520. The name of the place Spitz-Altheim was derived from this tower ( Spitz-Älthemer church tower ) in earlier centuries . Central church authority in the Middle Ages was the Archdeaconate of St. Peter and Alexander in Aschaffenburg , Landkapitel Montat . With the Reformation , the place - like the entire county of Hanau-Lichtenberg - became Lutheran .

coat of arms

The modern coat of arms design shows the three red rafters on a golden background in the shield and refers to the long state rule of the House of Hanau and its coat of arms . In the middle there is a gray (silver) jug on a black plate. Its meaning is not entirely clear, as there is no reference to the three local aristocratic families who had a silver stag pole on a blue background as their coat of arms. Karl Ernst Demandt notes that the oldest court seal in Altheim, printed in 1528 and 1715, depicts the Hanau rafters and behind them a lay judge as a sign holder growing with a jug in his right hand. He suspects a word allusion to the local aristocracy, the Altheim War, which died out at the beginning of the 16th century . The design of the coat of arms was therefore created by eliminating the shield holder figure of the lay judge, which was not in accordance with the coat of arms, by combining the coat of arms and the symbol of the jug.

Regular events

Infrastructure

The main street of Altheim

Altheim has a neoclassical town hall . The place has its own kindergarten , which is supported by the Evangelical Church Community, and a primary school , the rainbow school .

The Hessische Ludwigsbahn built the Rhein-Main-Bahn and started operating it in 1858. Altheim received a stop in the section between Darmstadt Ludwigsbahnhof (today: Darmstadt Hauptbahnhof ) and Aschaffenburg Hauptbahnhof . It was originally put into operation under the name Altheim and renamed Altheim (Hesse) in 1904 . Today the name Altheim (Hess.) Is used.

literature

  • Barbara Demandt: The medieval church organization in Hesse south of the Main = Writings of the Hessian State Office for Historical Regional Studies 29 (1966), p. 91f.
  • Max Herchenröder : The art monuments of the district of Dieburg . 1940, pp. 1-9.
  • Wilhelm Müller: Hessian place name book . Volume 1: Starkenburg. 1937, pp. 9-13.
  • Hans Georg Ruppel (edit.): Historical place directory for the area of ​​the former Grand Duchy and People's State of Hesse with evidence of district and court affiliation from 1820 until the changes in the course of the municipal territorial reform = Darmstädter Archivschriften 2. 1976, p. 49.
  • Dagmar Söder: Cultural monuments in Hessen. Offenbach district = monument topography Federal Republic of Germany. 1987, pp. 366-375.
  • Regina Schäfer: The Lords of Eppstein. Exercise of power, administration and possession of a noble family in the late Middle Ages . Wiesbaden: Historische Komm. Für Nassau, 2000, pp. 369–370, 372–373. ISBN 3-930221-08-X .
  • Literature about Altheim in the Hessian Bibliography

Web links

Commons : Altheim  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b Figures, data, facts. In: Website of the municipality of Münster. Retrieved November 25, 2017 .
  2. ↑ a b c d e f g Altheim, Darmstadt-Dieburg district. Historical local lexicon for Hesse (as of April 17, 2018). In: Landesgeschichtliches Informationssystem Hessen (LAGIS). Hessian State Office for Historical Cultural Studies (HLGL), accessed on May 24, 2018 .
  3. ^ A b c Georg Wilhelm Justin Wagner : Statistical-topographical-historical description of the Grand Duchy of Hesse: Province of Starkenburg . tape 1 . Carl Wilhelm Leske, Darmstadt October 1829, OCLC 312528080 , p. 3 ( online at google books ).
  4. ^ Michael Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. State of Hesse. (Online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006).
  5. ^ Grand Ducal Central Office for State Statistics (ed.): Contributions to the statistics of the Grand Duchy of Hesse . tape 1 . Großherzoglicher Staatsverlag, Darmstadt 1862, DNB  013163434 , OCLC 894925483 , p. 43 ff . ( Online at google books ).
  6. ↑ a b List of offices, places, houses, population. (1806): Spitzaltheim HStAD inventory E 8 A No. 352/4. In: Archive Information System Hessen (Arcinsys Hessen), as of February 6, 1806.
  7. ↑ Karl-Heinz Meier barley, Karl Reinhard Hinkel: Hesse. Municipalities and counties after the regional reform. A documentation . Ed .: Hessian Minister of the Interior. Bernecker, Melsungen 1977, DNB  770396321 , OCLC 180532844 , p. 236 .
  8. ^ Ph. AF Walther : Alphabetical index of the residential places in the Grand Duchy of Hesse . G. Jonghaus, Darmstadt 1869, OCLC 162355422 , p. 2 ( online at google books ).
  9. ↑ Selected data on population and households on May 9, 2011 in the Hessian municipalities and parts of the municipality. (PDF; 1.8 MB) In: 2011 Census . Hessian State Statistical Office;
  10. ↑ According to the municipality of Münster, the coat of arms is: ... "but only a draft that has not been officially approved" and therefore cannot be found at HADIS Hessen.
  11. ↑ Hermann Knodt (ed.): Hessisches Ortswappenbuch , double volume 1 and 2, arr. on behalf of the Wiesbaden State Archives by the State Archives Councilors Karl Demandt (for Hesse) and Otto Renkhoff (for Nassau), Glücksburg, CA Starke Verlag , 1956, p. 68
  12. ↑ Darmstädter Echo , Friday, October 7, 2016, p. 26
  13. ↑ Eisenbahndirektion Mainz (ed.): Official Gazette of the Royal Prussian and Grand Ducal Hessian Railway Directorate in Mainz of February 27, 1904, No. 10. Announcement No. 96, p. 131f (132).
  14. ↑ Railway Atlas Germany . 10th edition. Schweers + Wall, Cologne 2017, ISBN 3-921679-13-3 .