Office of Vechelde
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Principality of Braunschweig-Wolfenbüttel ; Duchy of Brunswick |
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| Office of Vechelde | |
 administrative seat of the Vechelde Office. (Copper engraving by Anton August Beck , around 1760) |
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| main place | Vechelde |
| Incorporated into | District of Braunschweig |
| Residents | approx. 12,300 (1855) |
| Villages and hamlets | 34 (around 1850) |
 
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Position of the main town on a map of today's Lower Saxony
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The Amt Vechelde was an administrative and judicial district of the former Principality of Braunschweig-Wolfenbüttel and the later Duchy of Braunschweig with the official seat in Vechelde in today's Lower Saxony .
Geographical location
The Vechelde office was to the west of the city of Braunschweig and east of the city of Peine , between the rivers Oker and Fuhse . South of the city of Peine, away from the otherwise closed district, was the Ölsburg exclave , surrounded by the diocese of Hildesheim and later by the district of Peine .
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| The location of the Vechelde office in the Duchy of Braunschweig |
history
A court of justice of Duke Otto der Milde in Vechelde was mentioned as early as 1340, although the office and court of Vechelde consisted of a manor and its lands until the late Middle Ages.
A moated castle was built on the grounds of the estate at the end of the 14th century. As early as 1392 the dukes of Braunschweig-Wolfenbüttel pledged the castle, estate and office to the city of Braunschweig for an amount of 900 silver marks . The office remained under the administration of the city of Braunschweig until 1671, when its status as an independent city was ended by the reconquest of the princes of Braunschweig-Wolfenbüttel.
In 1695 , Duke Rudolf August had the moated castle converted by the builder Hermann Korb into a princely country castle in Vechelde . Prince Christian August von Anhalt-Zerbst and Johanna Elisabeth von Schleswig-Holstein-Gottorf married there on November 8, 1727 . From this marriage, Sophie Auguste Frederike von Anhalt-Zerbst-Dornburg emerged on May 2, 1729, who later became Tsarina Katharina II .
At the beginning of the 19th century, the office and “princely court Vechelde” consisted only of the villages of Vechelde, Vechelade, Fürstenau and Sophiental. At that time, the prisons of the Vechelde court were located in the buildings of the former pleasure palace of the Duchess Elisabeth Sophie Marie in what is today the Vechelde district of Fürstenau .
With the Principality of Braunschweig-Wolfenbüttel, the office was incorporated into the Kingdom of Westphalia created by Napoleon in 1807 . The Vechelde office was dissolved and the villages were assigned to the newly founded cantons of Braunschweig-Land-West and Peine-Land . The cantons formed part of the Braunschweig district in the Oker department . The place Vechelde itself became the administrative seat of the canton Braunschweig-Land-West .
After the dissolution of the Kingdom of Westphalia in 1813 and the constitution of the Duchy of Braunschweig, the state administration was reorganized. In 1814 the former cantons of Braunschweig-Land-West , Bettmar and Peine-Land were merged. The official and court seat was in Bettmar until 1825 . On October 1, 1825, the administrative headquarters were moved to the Vechelde country castle and the Vechelde office was restituted.
With the Courts Constitution Act of August 21, 1849 and its implementation on July 1, 1850, administration and justice in the Duchy of Braunschweig were consistently separated. Amt Vechelde and the other offices of the duchy then lost their importance.
The office covered an area with 34 localities and approx. 12,000 inhabitants and later became part of the Braunschweig district . The country palace was demolished in 1880 and replaced by a neoclassical building. Until January 1, 1972 it remained the seat of the Vechelde District Court. Today it serves as a community center.
The era of the joint allocation of the participating villages and communities under the umbrella of an administrative unit ended in 1974 as part of the regional reform in Lower Saxony . The localities in the vicinity of the city of Braunschweig became districts of the independent city , others became districts of the city of Peine or districts of the newly founded communities Vechelde and Wendeburg in the district of Peine . Today the boundaries of the Vechelde provost , a subdistrict of the Evangelical Lutheran Church in Braunschweig , still largely correspond to the area of the former Vechelde office.
The localities of the Vechelde office around 1850
Map with all linked sites of the Vechelde Office: OSM | WikiMap
Today's districts of the independent city of Braunschweig:
Broitzem with Rothenburg , Lamme , Timmerlah , Völkenrode , Watenbüttel .
Today's districts of the city of Peine in the Peine district:
Duttenstedt , Essinghausen , Woltorf .
Today's districts of the municipality of Vechelde in the district of Peine:
Alvesse , Bettmar , Bodenstedt , Denstorf , Fürstenau , Groß Gleidingen , Klein Gleidingen , Köchingen , Liedingen , Sierße , Sonnenberg , Vallstedt , Vechelade , Vechelde , Wahle , Wedtlenstedt , Wierthe .
Today's districts of the Wendeburg community in the Peine district:
Bortfeld , Harvesse , Meerdorf , Neubrück , Sophiental , Wendeburg , Wendezelle , Zweidorf .
Other localities:
Exclave Ölsburg (part of today's municipality of Ilsede in the district of Peine).
literature
- Wilhelm Bornstedt (Ed.): Chronicle of Vechelde 973 to 1973. 2 volumes, Verlag Dr. W. Bornstedt, Stöckheim near Braunschweig 1973.
- Wilhelm Bornstedt: From Braunschweig via the old "Landwehr" at the Repturm to the former Vechelde moated castle (later Baroque pleasure castle, today Vechelde District Court) to Sievershausen, the old battleground on July 9, 1553. Verlag Landkreis Braunschweig, Braunschweig 1965.
- August Lambrecht: The Duchy of Braunschweig. A. Stichtenoth Publishing House, Wolfenbüttel 1863.
- Karl H. G. Venturini : The Duchy of Braunschweig in its previous and present condition. Verlag C. G. Fleckeisen, Helmstedt 1847.
- Georg Hassel : Geographical-statistical description of the principalities of Wolfenbüttel and Blankenburg . Friedrich Bernhard Culemann, Braunschweig 1802 ( digitized ).
Web links
- For the history of the Vechelde court on the website of the Braunschweig District Court , accessed on May 16, 2010
Individual evidence
- ^ Georg von Viebahn : Statistics of the customs united and northern Germany . Reimer, Berlin 1858, p. 405
- ^ Hans Friedrich Sudendorf : Document book on the history of the dukes of Braunschweig and Lüneburg , Verlag Carl Rümpler, Hanover 1859, p. XL
- ↑ Hassel, p. 480
- ↑ Stefan Brüdermann (Ed.): History of Lower Saxony , Volume 4, From the beginning of the 19th century to the end of the First World War , Wallstein, Göttingen 2016, p. 256, ISBN 978-3-8353-1585-3
- ↑ Website of the Vechelde Propstei ( Memento of the original dated May 2, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , accessed June 3, 2014
