Anal intercourse

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Anal intercourse,
illustration by Paul Avril for "Les Sonnetts Luxurieux" (1892)

Under anal sex , even anal sex , Analkoitus or coitus analis or coitus per anum (from Latin anus called "After"), refers to the insertion of the erect male penis into the anus of the sexual partner . Anogenital intercourse is practiced between heterosexual as well as homosexual partners. Anal intercourse can be pleasurable for both the active and passive (receiving) partner, men and women can reach orgasm through anal stimulation . Anal intercourse may require preparatory measures and a more cautious approach compared to vaginal intercourse .

In ancient Europe as well as in non-European cultures, heterosexual anal intercourse was a common sexual practice , in some pre-Columbian ethnic groups such as the Moche culture this was the most common form of sexual intercourse between men and women, whereas vaginal intercourse was primarily used for reproduction. Anal intercourse has long been taboo in the Christian-Occidental culture, but in recent years anal intercourse has become increasingly widespread. According to studies, around a third of all heterosexual couples in the USA and around half in Germany have had anal intercourse at least once. In many partnerships, anal intercourse is part of the sexual repertoire as a regularly performed sexual practice; the proportion of men and women who regularly engage in anal intercourse is between 30 and 40%. According to statistics, the number of people who practice anal intercourse has increased compared to previous years, although it is unclear whether this increase is based on a real increase or a more open willingness to provide information due to the removal of taboos on anal intercourse (see: Distribution in the population ).

execution

principle

The anus area ( rosette ) is a sexually stimulable erogenous zone in people of both sexes , which is equipped with many nerve endings. In men , passive anal intercourse also leads to irritation of the sexually sensitive prostate , which can trigger an orgasm. In women, anal intercourse can also stimulate the so-called A-point and the vaginal tissue. For the active partner, anal intercourse means more intense stimulation compared to vaginal intercourse due to the narrower and potentially more muscular body opening .

In anal intercourse, the person who introduces their penis is referred to as active (insertive anal intercourse); passive , also anoreceptive , is the person who introduces the penis (receptive anal intercourse). For many people, the practice requires a higher level of trust, but on the other hand it is often perceived as correspondingly more intimate. For the reasons mentioned, active anal intercourse is one of the most pleasurable sexual practices for many men . In many cases, passive anal intercourse is perceived as unpleasant the first time, but increasingly pleasurable as it is repeated.

preparation

Defecation with the partner to be penetrated should be elementary preparation . In order to be experienced as pleasurable by both partners, anal intercourse requires extensive foreplay and some preparation for many people . According to the gynecologist Sheila de Liz, the step-by-step preparation with a finger or butt plug and sufficient lubricant gel play an essential role in pleasurable anal intercourse:

Lubricant should definitely be used enough to facilitate penetration.
Preparation can be done with fingers or a butt plug .

“ It is important that you use lubricant for everything, and very, very much. You can use a finger to stretch the sphincter or a so-called butt plug, which you can buy in the sex shop. They are available in two sizes. Buy the little one when you first try anal sex. Give the sphincter two to five minutes to get used to the foreign body and slowly stretch. If you work with your fingers, you can then carefully insert a second one. "

- Sheila de Liz

In preparation for anal intercourse, it is important to stretch the anus with your fingers or a butt plug . By pre-stretching, relaxation of the anus muscle can be achieved or promoted. Lou Paget recommends warming the anal area well with lube and stretching it first with one finger for one minute, then with two fingers for two minutes.

Butt plugs can be worn for shorter, but also for longer periods of time independently of sexual intercourse. The shape of the but plug prevents it from slipping in or out of the anus. A butt plug can also be included in a longer foreplay.

When using a condom, a water-based or silicone-based lubricant should be used, as fatty lubricants attack the condom material and are therefore unsuitable.

Stimulation and arousal

For women

The anal stimulation is often experienced with pleasure, the anus is considered an erogenous zone . Numerous nerve endings can be found around the external sphincter muscle as well as in the anus itself. During anal intercourse, the rear areas of the vagina can also be stimulated by pressure and movement, especially by contraction of the pelvic floor muscles .

For some women, orgasm is possible through purely anal stimulation; however, many women cannot orgasm from passive anal intercourse alone, which means they need additional genital stimulation to reach climax. The combination of anal intercourse with additional manual stimulation of the clitoris is often described as particularly pleasurable:

“ Anal intercourse with simultaneous stimulation of the clitoris is the greatest thing for me. Wonderfully intense and amazingly pleasant. Not from the start, the first few times it was rather uncomfortable. You have to carefully feel your way with your partner. It takes some practice, but then you get the most incredible climaxes. "

Additional stimulation can be achieved by spreading ginger or inserting a peeled piece of ginger ( figging ).

A large-scale survey of sexual behavior (National Survey of Sexual Health and Behavior) showed that more women achieve orgasm with this than with any other form of sexual stimulation. 94% of women in the study orgasm from anal intercourse (versus 64% from vaginal intercourse ). Other studies have also found that women have more orgasms from anal intercourse than from vaginal intercourse.

For men

During active anal intercourse, the man's penis is more tightly enclosed by the muscle of the anus compared to the vagina and thus stimulated more intensely. Many men find the tightness feeling particularly arousing due to the tensioning and the friction. In addition to the more intense stimulation of the penis, anal intercourse is often perceived as a special "kick".

As with women, receiving anal intercourse is possible for men. Receiving anal intercourse in men is associated with homosexuality, but it is also used among heterosexual couples in the form of pegging . The mechanisms of stimulation and the accompanying feeling of pleasure are in the process caused similar in women, except that instead of the vagina and G-spot is a stimulation of the prostate is performed.

Positions

so-called spoon position

The position can be chosen so that the passive , i.e. receiving, partner also exercises control. This means that he can help determine or even specify the depth and rhythm of penetration.

Common positions are the equestrian position , where the recipient has the most control, and the a-tergo position. Likewise, the spoon position , which has the advantage that the muscles are particularly relaxed.

Possible problems and complications

Sexually transmitted diseases

As with other sexual practices is through unprotected intercourse the risk of getting a sexually transmitted disease to infect, especially with HIV , hepatitis B or hepatitis C . A condom should therefore be used when dealing with people with an unclear HIV status ; Special, extra-stable condoms with greater elasticity and thicker walls can provide increased security. The use of lubricants significantly reduces the fundamental risk of injury. The human papillomavirus (HPV) is suspected to be one of the causes of anal cancer . Anal intercourse without condoms is considered to be more risky, as the risk of micro-injuries is rated higher than with other sexual practices.

Injuries can cause secondary proctitis (inflammation of the rectum ). Anal fissures caused by anal intercourse are a relevant risk. It is often claimed that anal intercourse can cause the sphincter to wear out. With regard to the resting tone, the basic tension of the anal canal, a reduction in tension was recorded according to a study. Some doctors suspect that the reduction in resting tone in the test subjects participating in the study is due to a conscious learning to relax the sphincter muscle.

One study suggested a link between anal sex and fecal incontinence , but the study was criticized by experts because of methodological problems. Some medical professionals suggest that anal intercourse may increase the risk of rectal prolapse . There are no studies on this either.

Hygiene and contraception

A condom should be used to prevent pregnancy, prevent communicable diseases, and if you have hygiene concerns

Sometimes there are hygiene concerns, most of which relate to fecal debris in the rectum. However, the fear of coming into significant contact with feces during traffic is largely unfounded.

After defecation , there is hardly any stool left in the rectum , the anus and rectum merely represent passageways and are therefore only in contact with feces immediately before and during defecation. However, the penis may come into contact with small amounts of feces from intercourse. However, if one or both partners have concerns about this, a condom can be used. Alternating vaginal and anal intercourse should always be combined with a condom change, or the penis should be washed off before the change, since otherwise germs from the rectum can be introduced into the vagina and cause inflammation. In addition, flushing can be carried out before intercourse , which eliminates the possibility of contact or leakage of feces during penetration (this is often also done in preparation for pornographic productions).

In cultures in which the virginity of the woman at marriage is particularly important, anal intercourse is an occasionally practiced alternative to pre-marital vaginal intercourse, designed to reduce the risk of pregnancy and avoid the loss of the hymen . However, the assumption that anal intercourse can safely avoid pregnancy is wrong. Even during anal intercourse, semen can get into the vagina and lead to conception .

Pain

It is not uncommon for anal intercourse to be initially painful for the passive partner. A Kinsey study found that many initially experience some pain:

“ Nearly 70 percent of the women in the Kinsey study reported pain on their first anal sex. Due to bad experiences, many women shy away from a second attempt [...] with the right basic attitude, preparation and technique, but anal penetration usually does not cause any pain. "

Various factors contribute to the fact that anal intercourse is experienced as painful. According to a medical study, these are in particular a lack of pre-stretching, too rapid penetration of the penis, inadequate lubrication (lubricant) and an unfavorable position, but also psychological processes such as a lack of intimacy or mutual readiness. The expectation that "pain is seen as unavoidable" and the "emphasis on the importance of the event" can also lead to muscle cramping and therefore pain. A position should be chosen in which the passive partner can control the speed and depth of penetration The penis should penetrate slowly, with phases of standstill for further relaxation. With gentle, slow penetration and use of sufficient lubricant, anal intercourse is usually painless. Due to individual differences in body structure, anal intercourse can, however, also with appropriate practice and preparation be permanently painful for some people; in which case other sexual practices should be preferred.

If, despite sufficient foreplay and the use of lubricant, the insertion of the penis is uncomfortable or the anal intercourse is repeatedly accompanied by pain, this is usually due to cramping of the muscles of the anus. To prevent this, the anus muscles can be "trained" with a butt plug. A butt plug can be worn for several hours regardless of anal intercourse; the shape prevents it from slipping in or out. The muscles get used to penetration and relax more easily and quickly.


historical overview

Anal intercourse has been documented in historical sources since antiquity and across many cultures. Representations of heterosexual anal intercourse can be found, for example, in art and artifacts from ancient times, Peruvian ceramic figures of the Moche culture from AD 300 are some of the earliest and most vivid examples of such representations. A study of Moche pots found that 31% represented heterosexual anal intercourse, significantly more than any other sexual act.

Shunga drawing by the Japanese artist Hashiguchi Goyō (c. 1920 in the Honolulu Museum of Art )

Chinese and Japanese shunga , woodcuts, and painted or drawn hand scrolls, which became popular from the 16th century, as well as French erotic photography and lithography, and the late 19th and early 20th centuries include numerous depictions of anal intercourse.

Religious and social evaluation

With the rise of the monotheistic religions, anal intercourse became increasingly taboo, correspondingly also in the Western Christian culture. Following the anti-pleasure attitude of religion, sexuality should not be exercised beyond the purpose of pure procreation. Since anal intercourse does not serve this purpose, anal intercourse has traditionally been viewed as sinful and reprehensible in both Christianity and Islam , even if this position is sometimes seen more liberally today. However, according to Islamic law , anal intercourse is still absolutely forbidden ( haram ) and is a reason for a divorce on the part of the woman if the husband demands this practice against her will.

This religiously founded taboo persisted well into the 20th century and is still found in traditional and conservative milieus. Even if the public dealings with the topic are still partly subject to taboos , anal intercourse is practiced by many people and normalized in social dealings. Anal intercourse has become increasingly popular, especially among adolescents and young adults, since the turn of the millennium - "Anal sex is turning from taboo to megatrend".

Spread in the population

It is not completely clear whether more anal intercourse is actually practiced these days or whether the willingness has simply increased to state this in surveys and talk about it. Last but not least, the increasing openness and presence of sexual topics in the media (in media with pornographic content, for example, anal intercourse is a regularly presented practice) indicate that taboos have been removed, which increases the willingness to provide information on the topic. In a discourse analysis by Maria João Faustino, a psychologist at the University of Auckland , one finds, for example, the following statement:

"In the original: " For hetero women of my generation, admitting you haven't tried anal is sorare that oftentimes, it's easy to feel like it's tantamount to saying you're a prude who hates sex. (...) A generation or so ago , admitting you'd neverhad anal sex before would be far less shocking than admitting the reverse.But we've reached the point in our culture where if you're a sexually active hetero woman, butt sex is now considered a de rigeur staple of your sexual repertoire. ”“ ”

“Translation: For straight women of my generation, it's hard to admit that you haven't tried anal, because you often feel like it's tantamount to saying you're a prude and hate sex. (...) A generation or so ago, it would be far less shocking to admit that you've never had anal sex than to admit the opposite. But we have reached the point in our culture where, if you are a sexually active straight woman, anal sex is now an essential part of your sexual repertoire. ”

- Maria João Faustino

A real increase in anal intercourse would be supported by the fact that the availability of information on the Internet generates growing interest by arousing curiosity about new sexual practices. Debby Herbenick, sexologist and author of an extensive study of sexual behavior conducted in 2010, said:

“In the original: Men and women have always enjoyed having anal sex, so we're not sure why there's been a sudden increase, but it might have something to do with the Internet, which was in its infancy the last time a survey of this magnitude was conducted. ”

Translation: Men and women have always enjoyed anal intercourse. So we are not sure how the sudden increase came about, but we suspect a connection with the growth of the Internet, which was still in the initial phase in the last study (1992). "

- Debby Herbenick

Statistics on previous experience with anal intercourse

The US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention reported in a study from 2006 of a sustained increase in recent years. In a US study, 16 percent of heterosexual adolescents said they had had anal intercourse at least once. In a study carried out in the USA in 2010, 20% of female respondents in the 18–19 age group and 40% in the 20–24 age group had experience of anal intercourse. This represents a doubling compared to the last comparable survey in 1992.

A study from 2008, carried out by researchers from the German Society for Sexual Research and City University , found that 49.1% of Germans, regardless of gender, have already had anal sex.

The German magazine Neon surveyed young adults between the ages of 20 and 35, with the result that 47% of men and 57% of women said they had already done anal intercourse.

A study in Austria in 2006 among young people showed different proportions depending on the region: In Vienna, 52% of the respondents said they had had experience with anal intercourse, in Burgenland it was only 37%. Sometimes the proportion of women is even higher than that of men: In a survey in Germany in 2007, 23% of men and 17% of women stated that they had already had anal intercourse. A 2016 study among heterosexual adolescents (15-19 years) in the USA found that 19% had already had anal intercourse, and 6.5% of 12-year-olds had already practiced anal intercourse.

Statistics on anal intercourse as a regular sexual practice

In addition, it has been shown that anal intercourse has now established itself as a normal sexual variety even among heterosexuals. The proportion of respondents who not only report about their experiences with anal intercourse, but also practice it regularly, is high compared to previous studies. According to a study from 2016, the percentage of couples who regularly practice anal intercourse in adults is between 30-40%, 15% of heterosexual adolescents (15-19 years) practice it regularly.

Attitudes of men and women

The qualitative research to the effect describes gender differences in communication about anal sex that men be more open with the theme, while women taboo issue sooner and avoid talking to each other.

"In the original: Women's intent to engage in anal intercourse is influenced by their attitudes toward anal intercourse and level of control and trust with their partners. Most participants perceived negative societal norms toward anal intercourse. These societal normative beliefs did not appear to dissuade women from engaging in anal intercourse, but did appear to affect disclosure of this sexual behavior with friends and healthcare providers. ”

Translation: For women, performing anal intercourse is influenced by the level of control and trust in their partners. Most of the participants stated that they perceive social norms towards anal intercourse as negative. These supposed norms did not prevent many women from anal intercourse, but seemed to prevent the disclosure of this sexual behavior to friends and doctors. "

- Benson et al. (2019): Perceptions of Anal Intercourse Among Heterosexual Women: A Pilot Qualitative Study

One study found that women with a higher level of education and better incomes, in particular, tended to try anal sex.

Often there is a fundamental interest in anal intercourse, but is not addressed and implemented for fear of disinterest or rejection towards the partner. Men often have the unfounded fear that women would generally reject anal intercourse or would only practice it for the sake of their partner.

“ Men love anal sex, women tend to find other practices in bed erotic - at least that is the common opinion. But scientific studies prove the opposite: Earlier studies showed that it is mainly men who are in the mood for anal sex. Today, however, things are different: According to a US study from 2010, women also want this practice to be equally strong in their sex life. They find it an enrichment for sex with their partner. "

However, the initiative for anal intercourse is increasingly also coming from women. Passive anal intercourse is a matter of personal preference, but many find it very pleasurable. Some women also prefer anal intercourse over vaginal intercourse :

Attitudes towards anal intercourse seem to be converging between the sexes: earlier studies often showed a more positive attitude in men. Current studies indicate that women want and request anal intercourse to a similar extent. Anal intercourse is increasingly viewed by both sexes as an enriching addition to their sexual behavior. The US actress Gwyneth Paltrow said on her blog under the heading "We all do it":

“ Anal sex was shocking at first, then it became more socially recognized. Now it's practically standard in the bedroom. If you are into anal sex, you are definitely not alone. "

- Gwyneth Paltrow

Anal intercourse in art and culture

Tristan Taormino at the Feminist Porn Awards (in the form of a butt plug)
  • In philosophy in the boudoir of de Sade , the protagonists let many pages from on the subject.
  • Anal Toys, anal stretching and subjugation by anal play with Story of O by Pauline Reage an essential role.
  • In the film The Last Tango in Paris from 1972, Marlon Brando and Maria Schneider have anal intercourse . This was the first explicit representation in a large Hollywood production and caused a scandal in many countries.
  • Two of the most famous depictions of anal intercourse in modern art are Jeff Koon's pictures Red Butt (Distance) and Red Butt (Close Up) from 1991, which show the artist doing anal intercourse with his wife Ilona Staller .
  • Author Tristan Taormino achieved great success with her book Ultimate Guide to Anal Sex for Women. It gives tips and tries to counter common reservations. The book was a surprise success and received a lot of media attention.
  • The rapper Sido provoked in 2002 with his Arschficksong , in which he describes in dramatic language anal intercourse. The song was submitted to the Federal Testing Office for Media Harmful to Young People, but could no longer be indexed due to a previous FSK -16 approval.

Anal intercourse and sexual orientation

Homosexual anal intercourse in the missionary position

Anal sex is part of the repertoire for same sex as with opposite sex sex. Anal intercourse is practiced to the same extent in percentage terms by both homosexual and heterosexual people. The view that anal intercourse is mainly practiced between homosexual men is therefore incorrect.

Nevertheless, this prejudice is often used. In some states there are even criminal sanctions that criminalize anal intercourse or at least declare it undesirable. In practice, these laws and regulations usually serve to deter and prosecute homosexual men and are rarely used in heterosexual anal intercourse.

Countries with criminal sanctions

In contrast to Europe and South America (with the exception of Guyana ), where anal intercourse is unpunished, many African countries have penalties for this sexual practice.

England (historical)
According to the Buggery Act , anal intercourse has been subject to the death penalty since 1533. The sentence was commuted to life imprisonment in 1861. Anal sex between men has not been a crime in England since 1967, and since 2003 English criminal law has stopped distinguishing between vaginal and anal intercourse.
Guyana
The Criminal Law Offences Act punishes attempted anal intercourse in Guyana with two years' imprisonment, while anal intercourse itself is punishable by up to ten years in prison.
Iran
Anal intercourse between men who have sex with men is punishable by the death penalty in Iran , and between men and women it is unpunished.
Jamaica
Article 76 of the Offenses against the Person Act punishes gay sex in Jamaica under a law from the British colonial era as "the heinous crime of sodomy " (the abominable crime of buggery) with up to ten years in prison, coupled with hard labor.
Japan
Suzuki Harunobu , Shunga
Anal intercourse was banned in 1873, but this law was repealed in 1880. Homosexuality is not punishable in Japan, but some prefectures have age restrictions for homosexual partnerships.
Canada
While the general age of consent for other heterosexual and homosexual acts is 16 years, anal intercourse (heterosexual as well as homosexual) is only legal if both partners are at least 18 years old.
Kyrgyzstan (historical)
In Kyrgyzstan , anal intercourse was punishable by up to 20 years in prison until 2002. Convictions under this law were rare.
Saudi Arabia
In Saudi Arabia , anal sex between men and women is prohibited and can be punished with prison , fines and, for men, with lashes. Anal sex between men is punishable by death .
Singapore and Indonesia
In Singapore , both anal and oral sex were banned. This could result in a prison sentence of up to ten years or a fine of the equivalent of 10,000 euros. These practices have now been legalized for heterosexual couples.
These practices are still banned in neighboring Indonesia , but convictions in practice are rare here too.
USA (historical)
In the US states of Arkansas , Kansas , Missouri , Oklahoma and Texas there was a general legal ban on anal intercourse until 2003.
In twelve other states, anal intercourse between same-sex partners was banned. However, convictions were extremely rare in practice, for example for the abuse of minors - which would have to be punished under other laws anyway, but in these cases was subject to double punishment. According to a 2003 ruling by the US Supreme Court in the Lawrence v. Texas , such legal provisions are void. (→ Chronology of the sodomy laws in the United States )

literature

  • Alexa Adore: Guide to anal sex: Tips and tricks for safe anal intercourse and enjoyable anal eroticism. Flexible Literature, 2007, ISBN 978-3-937825-65-6 .
  • Toni Bentley: The surrender. An erotic memoir. Regan Books, New York 2004, ISBN 0-06-073247-4 .
  • Jack Morin: Anal pleasure & health. A guide for men and women. Down There Press, San Francisco 1997, ISBN 0-940208-20-2 .
  • Tristan Taormino: Ultimate Guide to Anal Sex for Women. Cleis Press, San Francisco 1997, ISBN 1-57344-028-0 .
  • Tristan Taormino: The Anal Sex Position Guide. Quiver Book, Beverly 2009, ISBN 978-1-59233-356-1 .

Web links

Commons : Anal Intercourse  - Collection of pictures, videos, and audio files
Wiktionary: Anal intercourse  - explanations of meanings, word origins, synonyms, translations

Articles on social dissemination:

Preparation for anal intercourse:

Pain avoidance:

Individual evidence

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  43. ↑ That's why more and more women are into strap-ons - Cosmopolitan, November 10, 2017
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