Anton Viktor of Austria

Archduke Anton Viktor, lithograph by Josef Kriehuber , 1835

Archduke Anton Viktor of Austria

Archduke Anton Viktor, miniature portrait by Carl Hummel , watercolor on ivory , around 1805

Anton Viktor Joseph Johann Raimund of Austria (born August 31, 1779 in Florence , † April 2, 1835 ) was Archduke of Austria. He was the last elected Elector of Cologne and Bishop of Munster , but could not exercise the offices. He later became Grand Master of the Teutonic Order and Viceroy in Italy.

Live and act

Dedication of the Electoral Cologne-Westphalia state and land calendar for the year 1801 to Elector Anton Victor

He was the eighth son of the future Emperor Leopold II and his wife Marie Luise Ludowica . At the time of his birth, his father was the Grand Duke of Tuscany. After his father was elected emperor, Anton Viktor received an education at the Viennese court.

After the death of his uncle, the Cologne elector and bishop of Munster Maximilian Franz of Austria , he was elected Bishop of Munster on September 9, 1801 and on October 7th in the church of Wedinghausen Monastery as Archbishop of Cologne and thus elector. He had previously approved the candidacies and received the tonsure on August 28, 1801 . However, due to political circumstances, he never took up either office. The Rhenish part of the electoral state in Cologne was occupied by the French at the time. The Duchy of Westphalia formed the rest of the electoral state . At the turn of 1801/02, in view of the Peace of Luneville and the ensuing secularization of the clerical states, Viennese politics saw no more possibility of securing the continuation of Anton Viktor's dominions. In August 1802, Prussia created a fait accompli when it marched its troops into Munster. Likewise, Ludwig X. of Hesse acted in September with the annexation of the Duchy of Westphalia, the remaining part of the electoral state. The Reichsdeputationshauptschluss of 1803 then also signified the end of the Cologne electoral state as well as the bishopric of Münster .

In 1804 Anton Viktor took over the position of Grand Master of the Teutonic Order. In 1805 his attempt on behalf of his brother Franz II failed to persuade Prussia to form an alliance with Austria. From 1816 to 1818 Anton Viktor officiated as viceroy of the Kingdom of Lombardy-Veneto . Afterwards he took no more political positions. Only a few honorary posts such as protectorates over an institute for the blind, the "Society of Friends of Austrian Music," or the "Society of Flower Friends of Vienna."

His heart was buried separately and is located in the heart crypt of the Habsburgs in the Loreto Chapel of the Augustinian Church in Vienna .

Honors

In 1862 the Viktorgasse in Vienna- Wieden (4th district) was named after him. The plant genus Antonia Pohl from the nugget family (Loganiaceae) is named after him.

ancestors

Pedigree of Anton Viktor of Austria
Great-great-grandparents	Duke Karl V. Leopold (1643–1690) ⚭ 1678 Eleanor of Austria (1653–1697)	Philip I of Bourbon (1640–1701) ⚭ 1671 Elisabeth of the Palatinate (1652–1722)	Emperor Leopold I (1640–1705) ⚭ 1676 Eleonore Magdalene von der Pfalz (1655–1720)	Duke Ludwig Rudolf of Braunschweig-Wolfenbüttel (1671–1735) ⚭ 1690 Christine Luise von Oettingen (1671–1747)	Louis of France (1661–1711) ⚭ 1680 Maria Anna of Bavaria (1660–1690)	Odoardo II. Farnese (1666–1693) ⚭ 1690 Dorothea Sophie von der Pfalz (1670–1748)	King August II (1670–1733) ⚭ 1693 Christiane Eberhardine of Brandenburg-Bayreuth (1671–1727)	Emperor Joseph I (1678–1711) ⚭ 1699 Wilhelmine Amalie von Braunschweig-Lüneburg (1673–1742)
Great grandparents	Duke Leopold Joseph of Lorraine (1679–1729) ⚭ 1698 Élisabeth Charlotte de Bourbon-Orléans (1676–1744)		Emperor Charles VI. (1685–1740) ⚭ 1708 Elisabeth Christine von Braunschweig-Wolfenbüttel (1691–1750)		King Philip V (1683–1746) ⚭ 1714 Elisabetta Farnese (1692–1766)		King August III. (1696–1763) ⚭ 1719 Maria Josepha of Austria (1699–1757)
Grandparents	Emperor Franz I Stephan (1708–1765) ⚭ 1736 Maria Theresia (1717–1780)				King Charles III (1716–1788) ⚭ 1738 Maria Amalia of Saxony (1724–1760)
parents	Emperor Leopold II (1747–1792) ⚭ 1765 Maria Ludovica of Spain (1745–1792)
Anton Viktor of Austria

literature

Constantin von Wurzbach : Habsburg, Anton Victor Joseph Johann Raymund . In: Biographisches Lexikon des Kaiserthums Oesterreich . 6th part. Kaiserlich-Königliche Hof- und Staatsdruckerei, Vienna 1860, pp. 154–156 ( digitized version ).
Karl H. Lamp: Anton Victor Joseph Johann Raimund. In: New German Biography (NDB). Volume 1, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 1953, ISBN 3-428-00182-6 , p. 317 f. ( Digitized version ).
Heinz Pardun: The election of the last elector of Cologne Anton Viktor in Arnsberg . In: Refuge between the times 1794–1803. Cologne cathedral treasures in Arnsberg. Arnsberg 1994, ISBN 3-928394-11-8

Individual evidence

↑ Lotte Burkhardt: Directory of eponymous plant names - Extended Edition. Part I and II. Botanic Garden and Botanical Museum Berlin , Freie Universität Berlin , Berlin 2018, ISBN 978-3-946292-26-5 doi: 10.3372 / epolist2018 .

Web links

Commons : Anton Viktor - collection of images, videos and audio files

predecessor	Office	successor
Karl Ludwig of Austria	Grand Master of the Teutonic Order 1804–1835	Maximilian Joseph of Austria

personal data
SURNAME	Anton Viktor of Austria
ALTERNATIVE NAMES	Anton Viktor Joseph Johann Raimund of Austria (full name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION	Archduke and Grand Master of the German Order
DATE OF BIRTH	August 31, 1779
PLACE OF BIRTH	Florence
DATE OF DEATH	April 2, 1835

[Burkhardt_2018-1] Lotte Burkhardt: Directory of eponymous plant names - Extended Edition. Part I and II. Botanic Garden and Botanical Museum Berlin , Freie Universität Berlin , Berlin 2018, ISBN 978-3-946292-26-5 doi: 10.3372 / epolist2018 .