Ludwig Anton of the Palatinate

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Ludwig Anton of Pfalz-Neuburg
Ludwig Anton von Pfalz-Neuburg, portrait in childhood

Ludwig Anton von Pfalz-Neuburg (born June 9, 1660 in Düsseldorf ; † May 4, 1694 in Liège ) was Roman Catholic Bishop of Worms and Grand Master of the Teutonic Order .

Live and act

He was the sixth child of the Palatinate Elector Philipp Wilhelm von Pfalz-Neuburg . As the third of the sons, he was initially out of the question for the electoral successor and was provided for the clergy. Therefore, he was given numerous cathedral canons from childhood , e.g. B. Cologne 1664, Mainz 1668, Strasbourg 1669, Speyer 1674, Münster 1676 and Liège 1679. From 1674 he was also Abbot of Fécamp . Since 1666, Father Johann Baptist Mocchi of the Order of the Brothers of Mercy , supported by the Jesuits , provided the education .

On December 10, 1679 he was dressed as a Teutonic Knight , six days later Ludwig Anton was elected coadjutor of the high and German master . On September 9, 1684 he took over this office himself.

The Palatinate Prince took part in the battle on the Kahlenberg for the liberation of Vienna (September 12, 1683), as well as in the subsequent campaigns against the Turks in Hungary. For his bravery, Emperor Leopold I appointed him Colonel Field Sergeant in 1683 . In 1686 he was seriously wounded in the battle for furnace .

When, in 1688, the French King Louis XIV wanted to enforce his devoted Cardinal Wilhelm Egon von Fürstenberg-Heiligenberg as bishop in the Electorate of Cologne, Ludwig Anton was ordained a subdeacon on the day before the election of Nuncio Sebastiano Antonio Tanara in order to belong to the clergy and to have a vote on the election act. Together with his brother Franz Ludwig, who was also Cologne Cathedral Capitular, on June 19, 1688, he prevented the valid election of Cardinal Fürstenberg as bishop by withholding the required two-thirds majority. Ultimately, the Bavarian Prince Joseph Clemens prevailed, who was papal and imperial candidate. The political influence of the French king on the Rhine suffered a severe setback.

In the Palatinate War of Succession , Prince Ludwig Anton was promoted to General Feldzeugmeister in 1689 and commanded the trenches during the siege of Mainz , where he was badly hit by a bullet on August 4, 1689.

After his father had already become Elector Palatinate in 1685 , he represented him in the Palatinate capital of Heidelberg in alternation with his brother Johann Wilhelm until 1689 . In 1685 he had also received the Palatinate tribute to his father.

On August 22, 1689, Ludwig Anton von Pfalz-Neuburg was elected provost of Ellwangen , on April 19, 1691 he was promoted to coadjutor in the Archdiocese of Mainz , and on November 12 to Bishop of Worms . That choice was made unanimously, even though Ludwig Anton did not belong to the cathedral chapter there. Due to the events of the war, however, the diocese was in such a bad state that the chapter was unable to elect a bishop from among its members. Rather, they pleaded with the prince to take care of the almost completely ruined diocese.

Ludwig Anton was ordained a priest on January 4, 1694 in the Jesuit Church Aschaffenburg by the Archbishop of Mainz Anselm Franz von Ingelheim, and on January 10, 1694, he was also ordained a bishop.

In the same year he was an opponent of the Archbishop of Cologne, Joseph Clemens of Bavaria, in the election of Bishop of Liège . There was a double election and both candidates called the Pope's decision. Before this happened, the Prince of the Palatinate died of typhus in Liège . His body was secretly buried in Ladenburg and the grave was only rediscovered in the 20th century by Berndmark Heukemes in the Sebastian Chapel after it had long been suspected of being in Düsseldorf's Andreas Church . Objects found from his grave are exhibited in the Lobdengau Museum Ladenburg.

Manfred Weitlauff writes in the Neue Deutsche Biografie (Volume 15, 1987, page 408) about him that his "drive and morally high personality enjoyed general recognition."

In her book biography, the author Maria Lehner characterizes the bishop as follows:

“ When Ludwig Anton was called, the ... spiritual territories were already destroyed, burned, sucked out and on the verge of ruin. He could only endeavor to avert the worst, which he succeeded, but this was a thankless and certainly depressing task. The chance to prove his talent as a politician under halfway normal circumstances did not offer him. The approaches he showed would have given great hope. Prudence, a sense of responsibility, flexibility and quick comprehension were the hallmarks of Ludwig Anton. His commitment and his personal charm in connection with his high birth opened all doors for him. He fulfilled his worldly and spiritual tasks to everyone's satisfaction ... there is no dark point in his character. "

- Maria Lehner, Ludwig Anton von Pfalz-Neuburg (1660–1694) , Elwert Verlag Marburg, 1994, pages 2 and 3

Ludwig Anton was a brother of the Palatinate Electors Johann Wilhelm (1658–1716) and Karl III. Philipp (1661–1742), as well as Archbishop of Trier and Mainz, Franz Ludwig von Pfalz-Neuburg (1664–1732) and the Prince-Bishop of Augsburg, Alexander Sigismund von Pfalz-Neuburg (1663–1737). His eldest sister Eleonore (1655–1720) was the wife of Emperor Leopold I and the mother of the later Emperors Joseph I and Charles VI. Other sisters became queens of Spain and Portugal.

ancestors

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Philipp Ludwig (Pfalz-Neuburg) (1547-1614)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Wolfgang Wilhelm (Pfalz-Neuburg) (1578–1653)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Anna von Jülich-Kleve-Berg (1552–1632)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Philipp Wilhelm (Palatinate) (1615–1690)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Wilhelm V (Bavaria) (1548–1626)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Magdalene of Bavaria (1587–1628)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Renata of Lorraine (1544–1602)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Ludwig Anton of the Palatinate
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Ludwig V (Hessen-Darmstadt) (1577–1626)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 George II (Hessen-Darmstadt) (1605–1661)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Magdalena of Brandenburg (1582–1616)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Elisabeth Amalia of Hessen-Darmstadt (1635–1709)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Johann Georg I (Saxony) (1585–1656)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Sophie Eleonore of Saxony (1609–1671)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Magdalena Sibylle of Prussia (1586–1659)
 
 
 
 
 
 

literature

Web links

Commons : Ludwig Anton von der Pfalz  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ To Father Johann Baptist Mocchi as the prince's educator
  2. ↑ Website of the now profaned Jesuit Church Aschaffenburg ( Memento from April 16, 2013 in the Internet Archive )
  3. ^ Maria Lehner: Ludwig Anton von Pfalz-Neuburg (1660-1694) , Elwert Verlag Marburg, 1994, pages 204 and 205
  4. ^ Website of the Lobdengau Museum with reference to the finds from the grave of Bishop Ludwig Anton von Pfalz-Neuburg
predecessor Office successor
Johann Karl von Franckenstein Prince-Bishop of Worms
1691–1694 		Franz Ludwig of Pfalz-Neuburg
Heinrich Christoph von Wolframsdorf Prince Provost of Ellwangen
1689–1694 		Franz Ludwig of Pfalz-Neuburg
Johann Caspar von Ampringen Grand Master of the Teutonic Order
1684–1694 		Franz Ludwig of Pfalz-Neuburg
personal data
SURNAME Ludwig Anton of the Palatinate
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Pfalz-Neuburg, Ludwig Anton von
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Roman Catholic Bishop of Worms and Grand Master of the Teutonic Order
DATE OF BIRTH June 9, 1660
PLACE OF BIRTH Dusseldorf
DATE OF DEATH May 4, 1694
Place of death Liege