Johann Richwin

Johann Richwin von Broich ( von dem Bruch ) or Johannes Reichwein (* presumably in Fredeburg or at Haus Bruch an der Wied ; † between 1552 and 1556 presumably in Bonn ) was a German lawyer, diplomat and councilor of several Cologne bishops.

Life

Vogt of Archbishop Hermann V. von Wied in Bonn

Johann Richwin came from the family of Bailiffs von Hundem , who lived in the 15th and 16th centuries. Century the Electorate of Cologne Drosten to Fredeburg . He obtained a licentiate in law and became a Kurkölner Vogt in Bonn . The Vogt was in charge of the Bonn market settlement.

In November 1542 Richwin asked on behalf of the Cologne Archbishop Hermann of Wied (reg. 1515-1547) in Strasbourg city council to holiday for Martin Bucer to the Electorate of Cologne. On this mission he did not succeed in winning Kaspar Hedio over to help with the Cologne Reformation . After Bucer's arrival in Bonn on December 14, 1542, he was summoned to Hermann von Wied in the Buschhoven hunting lodge the next day . The following day, Richwin accompanied Bucer back to Bonn and brought instructions from the archbishop to the chapter or dean Adam Richardi († 1551) of the monastery of St. Cassius and Florentius . On December 17th, Bucer preached for the first time in Bonn Minster .

Philipp Melanchthon mentions Richwin in letters to Petrus Medmann and Hieronymus Schreiber during his stay in Bonn in 1543 .

In 1544 Johann Richwin represented Kurköln at the Reichstag in Speyer . In addition to the archbishop himself, u. a. Jakob Omphal and Johannes Gropper to the Kurkölner delegation. Richwin wrote to Melanchthon from Speyer. In 1545 Melanchthon asked Albert Hardenberg to show Richwin one of his letters.

Diplomatic missions after the Cologne Reformation

After the end of the Cologne Reformation and the resignation of Archbishop Hermann V, Johann Richwin remained in the service of his successor Adolf von Schaumburg (ruled 1547–1556). In 1547/48 he belonged to the Electoral Cologne embassy to the Reichstag in Augsburg , where he was also the envoy of Abbot Hermann von Holten von Werden and Helmstedt . The Cologne delegation to this Reichstag consisted of Eberhard Billick , Dr. Degenhard Haas, Dr. Anton Hausmann († probably 1562), Lic. Legum Caspar Koch called Obsopaeus (1513–1555) and Dr. Hieronymus Einkürn († 1560).

In 1549 Johann Richwin was sent to the imperial court in Brussels to present complaints from the archbishopric against the city of Cologne. Archbishop Adolf authorized Count Hermann von Neuenahr and Moers , Hofmeister Claude de Bouton , Herr von Corbaron († 1556), Gottfried Gropper (1507–1571) and Johann Richwein as well as the guardian of Prince Wilhelm I of Nassau-Dillenburg-Orange in 1550 Siegen advice Wilhelm Knüttel (1510–1566) to represent his ward in the Katzenelnbogen succession dispute.

In 1550/51 Johann Richwin took part in the Augsburg Reichstag as Archbishop Adolf's envoy. Again he also represented Abbot Hermann von Holten. The Cologne legation at this Reichstag also included Dr. Hieronymus Einkürn, Wilhelm von Breidtbach , Lord of Boritzheim ( Bürresheim ) († 1570). and Dr. leg. Heinrich Saltzburg (1522–1553). In May 1551, Richwin and Breidtbach signed the Nuremberg Farewell for Kurköln about the addition of the imperial supply to continue the Magdeburg siege.

On May 13, 1552, Johann Richwin and Wilhelm von Breidtbach for Kurköln were sent to Weissenburg in Alsace as members of an embassy of the Rhenish princes to King Henry II of France , which was put together on May 9 at a prince's day in Worms to guard against attacks after it had occupied Metz . The Reich Chamber of Commerce appointed Lic. Johann Reichwein, Lic. Christian von Herschbach († 1562) and Dietrich Schnehagen the Elder. Ä. 1552 to commissioners in a feudal dispute between Franz Spies von Büllesheim (1490–1553) to Mozenborn and Burg-Schweinheim and Dietrich von Monreal († 1557) to Bolheim about a farm in Arnoldsweiler near Düren .

In 1552, Wilhelm von Breidtbach-Bürresheim was referred to in a declaration of surety as the “bailiff of Bonn”. He seems to have acted as subordinate or to have taken over the function of Johann Richwin as Bonn's bailiff, who was occasionally also referred to as "bailiff" ( praefectus ).

Contemporary namesakes were the "Nuncio" of the Imperial Court of Justice Hans Reichwin from Speyer , Johann Richwin († after 1546), Markvogt zu Diekirch , and Lic. Jur. Johann Richwin († 1560), clergyman and from 1557 official of the diocese of Münster .

Anabaptist trial against the widow Clara von Witzelbach

Coat of arms of the Witzelbach family

Johann Richwin von Broich was married to Clara von Witzelbach (* 1520/27; † 1565/71), daughter of Georg (Jörg) von Witzelbach († 1519/27) and (∞ II. Around 1519) Margarete von Selbach called Loe ( † 1536/46), heiress of Gevelinghausen . Clara's mother had married Jaspar I. Ovelacker († before 1556) in Wischlingen for the second time .

Wilhelm († before 1563) and Dietrich († 1547) von Witzelbach (Witzelnbach) were born as brothers of Clara Richwein. mentioned by Witzelbach. Her sister Johanna Witzelbach (Johannette Wisselbach called Rump) († after 1571) was I married to Arndt Rump († before 1559) to Wenne and II to Jacob Feudingen; her half-sister Anna Ovelacker († 1571/98) was I married to Melchior Wrede († before 1569) to Mellen and II. to Johann von der Recke († after 1571) to Uentrop. Half-brothers were Heinrich Ovelacker († before 1546), Dietrich Ovelacker († 1596/1601) zu Antfeld , married III. since 1585 with Irmgard von der Recke († 1592) zu Heessen , and Jasper II. Ovelacker († 1558) zu Gevelinghausen, since 1551 married to Elisabeth von Syberg (1534–1601) zu Westhofen

In October 1561, the old bailiff of Bonn, the widow Clara Richwin von Broich, née von Witzelbach, was accused during an Anabaptist interrogation in Cologne of having attended Anabaptist meetings with her daughter. She was on the night of 22./23. June 1565 arrested in a vineyard house near the Bayenturm as one of a total of 59 people and said to have attended nightly meetings of the Anabaptists ( Mennonites ) in Cologne from Bonn and by Matthias Cervaes (1536–1565) in 1557/58 To have been baptized at home of Thomas von Imbroich († 1558; executed). Cervaes, who was among those arrested, was executed by sword on June 30th.

Because Clara von Witzelbach came from a noble family, she was imprisoned at the honor gate . During the interrogations, she complained that after the death of her husband, clerics of Archbishop Adolf von Schaumburg had done her grave injustice. Her brother - meaning her half-brother Dietrich von Ovelacker († 1596/1601) zu Antfeld - vouched for her, the Vogt of Bonn asked Wilhelm von Breidtbach zu Bürresheim - in vain - to hand over the woman to dissuade her from her faith, the Electorate of Cologne Chancellor Franz Burkhart (* around 1515, † 1584) visited her in custody. At the beginning of August 1565, Count Hermann von Neuenahr and Moers, who at that time exercised the hereditary rights in Cologne as guardian , turned on her behalf . On October 1, 1565, after she had renounced, Clara von Witzelbach was released from prison and expelled from the city.

The designation of the Bonn bailiff as "Clara von Witzelbach born (or: called) von Fliesteden" is based on a misleading formulation of the secondary literature, because two women from Fliesteden were among those arrested .

Family and offspring

A daughter and a son Adolph Richwein († after 1597) in Cologne are mentioned as children of Johann Richwin and his wife Clara von Witzelbach in 1579; The guardian of her cousins ​​was Clara's (or her husband) "cousin" Eberhard (Evert) von Broich (Breech; von dem Bruch), who was married to Gertrud von Reven zu Lohmar.

coat of arms

Johann Richwin von Broich probably also carried the talking arms of Eberhard von Broich and his daughters Anna von Bruch (1563–1616), conventual in Keppel Monastery , and Lucia von Broich († 1627), abbess of Vilich Monastery , who originally referred to Haus Bruch bei Kirchhundem named family of Bailiffs von Hundem:

Blazon : A golden dog leaping to the left (heraldically) on a black field covered with golden shingles .

swell

• Letter from Johannes Richwinus to Philipp Melanchton from Speyer dated April 16, 1544 (copy), Archive of the Francke Foundations in Halle (Saale) (Sign. AFSt / H A117, 437–438)

literature

• Otto Winckelmann: The political correspondence of the city of Strasbourg in the age of the Reformation , Bd. III 1540-1545 . Karl J. Trübner, Strasbourg 1898, p. 315 note 3
• Rosemarie Aulinger / Silvia Schweinzer-Burian: Habsburg and imperial presence at the Reichstag 1521-1555 (2011) ( PDF ( Memento from February 16, 2016 in the Internet Archive ); 1.0 MB of the Historical Commission at the Bavarian Academy of Sciences )

Remarks

1. ↑ From Bielefeld , pseudonym Julian Magenhorst, official to Werl , from 1548 Kurkölner judge at the Imperial Court of Justice in Speyer.
2. ↑ 1552 Amtmann zu Linz , 1555 Amtmann zu Bonn.
3. ↑ Also Salzberg, Saltzburger u. the like from a Hamburg family; his grandfather Hinrik Salsborch (* around 1470 / 75–1534) was from 1504 to 1523 councilor to Karl von Egmond , the Duke of Geldern , was knighted by the Danish King Friedrich I in 1524 and was mayor of Hamburg from 1524 to 1531, his father Hinrik Salsborch (* around 1495) matriculated in Cologne in 1516 and married there.
4. ↑ From Gut Heresbach bei Mettmann , son of Peter Heresbach and Drutgin I. Weinsberg, cousin of Hermann von Weinsberg , official of the high court of the Archbishop of Cologne, canon to St. Severin in Cologne and to St. Cassius and Florentius in Bonn.
5. ↑ 1544/45 Keller des Vestes Recklinghausen, 1548, 1552, 1554–1558, 1562 customs officers in Bonn.
6. ↑ Married I. 1508 to Margarethe von Berninghausen († around 1519).
7. ↑ He ∞ II. Before 1546 Anna von Berninghausen († after 1571), heir daughter of Antfeld.
8. ↑ You ∞ II. Kaspar von Werminghaus († 1592) zu Klusenstein.
9. ↑ To be distinguished from Dietrich Ovelacker († 1548) to Goldschmieding , Dietrich von Ovelacker (* around 1553; † 1633) to Wischlingen (Wysslinck), Grimberg and Hemer, Klevisch-Märkischer Rat and since 1592 Drost of the offices of Altena and Iserlohn (son of Jasper II. Ovelacker; Claras von Witzelbach's nephew), and Dietrich Ovelacker († after 1589) at Kidneyhof (Newenhoff; Niedernhof in Hengstey) and Leythe .

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Speyer as the place of birth (according to Robert Stupperich (ed.): Martini Buceri Opera omnia , vol. XI / 2, Gütersloh: G. Mohn 1960, p. 329) is eliminated because the namesake Johannes (Hans) Reichwin from Speyer joined at the same time other places mentioned.
2. ↑ ^{a b} Hans Reichwin was hired in Speyer in 1542 as "Nuncio" of the Reich Chamber Court (cf. Wolfgang Prange: From the Reich Chamber Court in the first half of the 16th century (sources and research on the highest jurisdiction in the Old Empire 42), Cologne / Weimar / Vienna : Böhlau 2002, p. 79); In 1546 he was the imperial messenger in Weinsberg (cf. Ludwig Friedrich Heyd: Ulrich, Herzog zu Württemberg , Vol. III, Tübingen: Ludwig Friedrich Fues 1844, p. 459).
3. ↑ See Erwin Katzwinkel: Haus und Herrschaft Bruch . In: Heimat-Jahrbuch des Kreis Altenkirchen (Westerwald) and the neighboring communities (1974), pp. 88–93 ( online on the website of the Westerwald Family Research Working Group); the names of the relatives in the case files point to this room.
4. ↑ ^{a b c d e} cf. process files 1579–1582; Historical archive of the city of Cologne (inventory 310R, Reichskammergericht - letter R, A 39a (old signature: R637 / 2047)).
5. ↑ See Johann Suibert Seibertz : History of the noble lords of Grafschaft zu Norderna and their possessions in the bailiwicks of Grafschaft and Brunscappel . In: Journal for patriotic history and antiquity NF 2 = 12 (1851), pp. 163–308, especially p. 243 ( Google Books ).
6. ↑ ^{a b} cf. Anton Fahne: The dynasts, barons and current counts of Bocholtz , vol. I / 1. J. M. Heberle / H. Lempertz, Cologne, 1863, p. 107 ( Google Books ).
7. ↑ Cf. Otto Winckelmann: The political correspondence of the city of Strasbourg in the age of the Reformation , Vol. III 1540-1545 . Karl J. Trübner, Strasbourg 1898, p. 315 note 3.
8. ↑ Cf. Josef Niessen, Edith Ennen: Geschichte der Stadt Bonn , Vol. I, F. Dümmler, Bonn 1956, p. 206.
9. ↑ Melanchthon's letter of May 7, 1543 from Bonn to Petrus Medmann in Cologne (CR V, 102 [ed .: "Richvicio" ]; MBW No. 3237); Melanchthon's letter of July 21, 1543 from Bonn to Hieronymus Schreiber in Cologne (CR V, 148; MBW No. 3281); see. Melanchthon's letter of November 4, 1543 from Wittenberg to Joachim Camerarius in Leipzig (MBW No. 3365).
10. ↑ Cf. Peter Arnold Heuser, Prosopography of the Electoral Cologne Central Authorities I. The learned Rhenish councilors 1550-1600. Studies and career paths, social interrelations . In: Rheinische Vierteljahrsblätter 66 (2002), pp. 264–319, especially p. 276.
11. ↑ Cf. Woldemar Harleß (ed.): Report of the Electoral Cologne Councilor Jakob Omphalius from the Reichstag in Speyer (1544) . In: Journal of the Bergisches Geschichtsverein 30 (1894), pp. 172–179.
12. ↑ Melanchthon's letter of March 31, 1545 to Albert Hardenberg (probably in Linz on the Rhine ): "Richwino des hanc pagellam" .
13. ↑ Cf. Nikolaus Mameranus: Catalogvs familiae totivs avlae Caesareae… vsq [ue] Augustam Rhetica [m], omniumq [ue]… Anno 1547. & 1548. praesentium . Heinrich Mameranus, Cologne 1550, p. 66 and p. 112 ( Google Books ).
14. ↑ Cf. Bengt Christian Fuchs: Die Sollicitatur am Reichskammergericht (sources and research on the highest jurisdiction in the Old Empire 40), Cologne a. a .: Böhlau 2002, p. 121, note 629.
15. ↑ Also Aichorn, Ainkhurn, Eychorn, Unicornus and others. Ä .; from Nördlingen, 1539 to 1560 dean of St. Andreas and canon at Cologne Cathedral .
16. ↑ Archbishop Adolf's instructions from 1549; State archive NRW Rhineland Duisburg department (101.04.01-04 Kurköln II, files, 3436).
17. ^ ^{A b} See letter from Gerlach Herbst, the German secretary in the Nassau-Oranien chancellery in Breda, to Wilhelm Knüttel from August 19, 1549 from Brussels; Otto Meinardus (arr.): Der Katzenelnbogische inheritance dispute , Vol. II / 1. (Historical Commission publications for Nassau 4). Bergmann / Ritter, Wiesbaden 1902, pp. 194f ( Google Books ; limited preview).
18. ^ Document dated February 23, 1550; Hessisches Hauptstaatsarchiv Wiesbaden (inventory 170 I documents, no. 3933).
19. ↑ See Hans Nirrheim: Mayor Hinrik Salsborch . In: Journal of the Association for Hamburg History 12 (1908), pp. 261–342, esp. Pp. 299 and 335.
20. ^ See Decreta Caesareae Majestatis, Ordinumque Imperij in Comitijs Augustanis, Anni Domini 1551 . Martin Rotarius, Löwen 1551, p. 25 ( Google Books ).
21. ↑ See Johannes Herrmann (arrangement): Political Correspondence of Duke and Elector Moritz von Sachsen , Vol. V January 9, 1551-1. May 1552 , Berlin: Akademie Verlag 1998, pp. 177-179 (No. 80).
22. ↑ Cf. Anton Joseph Weidenbach: The barons of Breidbach zu Bürresheim . In: Annals of the Historical Association for the Lower Rhine, in particular the old Archdiocese of Cologne 24 (1872), pp. 70–125, especially p. 99 ( Google Books ).
23. ^ Trial files, 1548–1592; Landesarchiv NRW, Rhineland Duisburg department (Reich Chamber of Commerce, No. 5354 - Az. S 2045/7042; see No. 2025 - Az. G 581/1806).
24. ^ Trial files , 1551–1553; Landesarchiv NRW Department Rhineland Duisburg (Reichskammergericht, No. 926, Az. C 418/1205); see. Farewell to Rom. Royal Majesty and commoner classes on the Reichs-Tag zu Augspurg Auffgericht, in 1555 from September 25, 1555. In: Heinrich Christian von Senckenberg, Johann Jacob Schmauß (Ed.): Reichs-Abschiede from the year 1552. to 1654. inclusive , Vol. III. Koch, Frankfurt am Main 1747, pp. 14-43, esp. P. 40 ( Google Books ), u. a.
25. ↑ See Joseph Kalbersch: Use and abuse of spiritual beverages , Vol. I. Joseph Anton Schröll, Diekirch 1854, p. 8; Mathias Hardt: Luxemburger Weisthümer as a follow-up to Jacob Grimm's Weisthümern , V. Bück, Luxemburg 1870, p. 222; François Decker (Ed.): Regesta of the Archives of the Lords of Bourscheid , Vol. IV 1626-1657. With an addendum to parts 1 and 2. (Publications of the Landesarchivverwaltung Rheinland-Pfalz 61). Luxembourg 1993, p. 22 (No. 691a).
26. ↑ See Ludwig Schmitz-Kallenberg : On the history of the Frisian officialate and archdeaconate of the Münster diocese in the 16th century . In: Westfälische Zeitschrift 75 (1917), pp. 281-296, esp. Pp. 282f, 285 and 288; Wilhelm Kohl: The dioceses of the church province Cologne. The diocese of Münster 7.4 The diocese. (Germania sacra, NF 37.4). Walter de Gruyter, Berlin / New York 2004, p. 115f.
27. ^ Saynic and Wiedische vassals in the Westerwald, Adelshof near Härtlingen ; see. Hellmuth Gensicke : On the history of the Nassau nobility. The one from Witzelbach . In: Nassauische Annalen 76 (1965), pp. 192-195.
28. ↑ Cf. Anton Fahne: History of the Westphalian families . J. M. Heberle / Heinrich Lempertz, Cologne 1858, pp. 313 and 343.
29. ↑ ^{a b} See testament of October 13, 1571; Landesarchiv NRW Westphalia department (House Ermelinghof - documents, no. 125); Marriage speech of July 22, 1596 (General Archives of Landsberg-Velen (Dep.), Erwitte - documents, no. 181).
30. ↑ Cf. LWL archive office for Westphalia (Wenne, documents 23 and 26).
31. ↑ Cf. Leonard Ennen: History of the City of Cologne, mostly from the sources of the Cologne City Archives , Vol. IV. Schwann, Düsseldorf 1875, pp. 809, 817, 821f and 825 ( digitized at OpenLibrary), ( Google Books ) ; in detail on the following Hans Hermann Theodor Stiasny: The criminal prosecution of the Anabaptists in the free imperial city of Cologne from 1529 to 1618 . (Studies and texts on the history of the Reformation 88). Aschendorff, Münster 1962, pp. 59-61 ( Google Books ).
32. ^ Entry from June 23, 1565; Historical archive of the city of Cologne (inventory 10B council minutes , A 22, sheet 41) and 57 prisoners (inventory 30 / G judicial system 210, tower book (Liber captivorum) , sheet 27).
33. ↑ ^{a b c} Cf. Karl Rembert: The "Anabaptists" in the Duchy of Jülich . R. Gaertner, Berlin 1899, pp. 458f and 478f ( Google Books ; limited preview).
34. ^ Hermann von Weinsberg (1518–1597) with Konstantin Höhlbaum: Das Buch Weinsberg , Vol. II. (Publications of the Society for Rhenish History 4). Alphons Dürr, Leipzig 1887, p. 139, speaks of 63 prisoners ( Google Books ; limited preview)
35. ↑ Cf. Eberhard Teufel:  Cervaes, Matthias. In: New German Biography (NDB). Volume 3, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 1957, ISBN 3-428-00184-2 , p. 184 ( digitized version ).
36. ↑ Cf. Mathilde Monge: Survival through networking. The Anabaptist groups in Cologne and on the Lower Rhine in the 16th century . In: Anselm Schubert, Astrid von Schlachta , Michael Driedger (eds.): Grenzen des Anabaptertums / Boundaries of Anabaptism . (Writings of the Association for Reformation History 20). Gütersloher Verlagshaus, Gütersloh 2009, pp. 214-231, especially pp. 221-225.
37. ↑ Cf. Leonard Ennen: History of the City of Cologne, mostly from the sources of the Cologne City Archive , Vol. IV. Schwann, Düsseldorf 1875, pp. 818f.
38. ↑ Entry from June 25, 1565; Historical archive of the city of Cologne (holdings 45 Reformation, No. 17 I, sheet 1); see. Hans Hermann Theodor Stiasny: The criminal prosecution of the Anabaptists in the free imperial city of Cologne from 1529 to 1618 . (Studies and texts on the history of the Reformation 88). Aschendorff, Münster 1962, p. 60, note 401.
39. ^ Historical archive of the city of Cologne (inventory 10B Council minutes , A 22, sheet 48, see sheet 46).
40. ^ Historical archive of the city of Cologne (holdings 10B council minutes , A 22, sheet 48).
41. ^ Historical archive of the city of Cologne (holdings 10B Council minutes , A 22, sheet 54).
42. ↑ Historical Archives of the City of Cologne (inventory 10B Council minutes, A 22, page 60; cf. 66f).
43. ↑ Historical Archives of the City of Cologne (holdings 10B Council minutes , A 22, sheet 63, see sheets 60f; holdings 30 / G Judicial System 210, Tower Book (Liber captivorum) , sheet 32).
44. ↑ His "brother-in-law" was the councilor Tilman Volkwin (Volckwein); Trial Records, 1572–1592; Historical archive of the city of Cologne (Best. 310 Reichskammergericht - letter V, A 30).
45. ↑ Cf. Otto Graf von Looz-Corswarem, Hellmuth Scheidt (arr.): Repertory of the files of the former Reich Chamber Court in the Koblenz State Archives . (Publications of the Landesarchivverwaltung Rheinland-Pfalz 1). Self-published. of the. Landesarchivverwaltung, Koblenz 1957, No. 586, p. 95.
46. ↑ See Heinz Flender, Wilhelm Hartnack: Keppel Abbey in Siegerlande 1239 to 1951 , Vol. I. Keppel Abbey 1963, p. 356.