Village church Lüdershagen (Hoppenrade)

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South side of the church in Lüdershagen 2007

The Protestant village church Lüdershagen is a towerless medieval stone church in Lüdershagen, a district of Hoppenrade in the Rostock district in Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania .

history

Lüdershagen was first mentioned in a document in 1288, when Bishop Hermann von Schwerin confirmed the foundation of a hospital in Dobbertin .

In the original with the seals of the Schwerin Bishop Hermann, the Dobbertiner Provost Heinrich and Dobbertiner convent of nuns present document is indicated to: Thus, by answer the respectful insistence of the Provost Henry of Dobbertin contemplating God-fearing that the patient more benefits and attention should be paid to the healthy, and, moved by such pity, set up a plot of land for a hospital in the village of Dobbertin with the equipment of goods that are listed below, with the support of Pastor Detlev in Lüdershagen, the knight Detlev called Wackerbart and others who contribute their mild gifts for the needs and benefits of the sick nuns of this convention. In addition to Detlev Wackerbart from Lüdershagen, provost Gottschalk from the Neukloster nunnery and provost Dietrich from Rühn monastery were present as witnesses in Schwerin on June 13, 1288 .

Around 1237 the noble family von Kölln (Cölln) , which died out in 1660, had their knight seat in what is now Kölln . Since the first Heinrich de Colne known by name since 1237 was also mentioned in Lüdershagen, the von Cölln should at least have contributed to the founding of this church village.

On May 25, 1302, the Dobbertin monastery sold the former pastor Detlev Wackerbart zu Lüdershagen an annual raising of 72 chickens from the village of Zahren near Kuppentin from the debt obligations of his former provost Johann . Detlev Wackerbart donated this income to the hospital, which at that time was probably still a sickroom of the Dobbertin monastery.

In the next few centuries, there is hardly anything to be learned about the plain and simple, but very elongated stone church with its flat wooden beam ceiling. During the Thirty Years' War pastors complained about ongoing war tribulations of all kinds, but not about the state of the church. In 1627 Lüdershagen was called a sheep farm.

In 1663 there were only two farmers left in the village, a kossät as a small farmer and a day laborer as a resident.

Building history

The stone building of the church was probably started in the late Romanesque period, i.e. in the early 13th century. This is proven by the horizontal arched frieze on the straight east gable and a profiled arched portal made of bricks . The south side also had a round arch portal, the door of which is now walled up. Since the window openings of the church already have slightly ogival reveals, the church construction could have been continued with the beginning of the transition to the early Gothic .

In 1836 Friedrich von Blücher took over the estate and church patronage in Lüdershagen from the Privy Councilor Karl Christoph von Bassewitz . From January 1847 a neo-Gothic redesign of the church interior took place. For this purpose, the entire older equipment had been removed, which was destroyed in the following years. Because all the old and in part valuable carvings were brought to the floor of a pigsty in Hoppenrade, where they gradually rotten. An old church drawer with artful carving also disappeared. The interior of the church was then painted with white lime paint under the direction of Josua Klockmann from Hoppenrade.

In August 1889, the court carpenter baker from Güstrow set up the gallery for the organ on the west side of the nave. The masonry work was carried out by master mason Peters from Krakow am See and the painting work by the painter Ohde from Güstrow.

On September 30, 1889, Pastor Dr. Wilhelm Schulz in the chancel of the church with the first attempts to expose the painted over frescoes . In 1891 the church roof could be renewed from patronage funds in order to prevent further moisture damage. But it wasn't until seven years later, on July 4, 1898, that scaffolding was set up in the choir and the masons Weiher and Grienhagen scratched the paint off the vaults in the chancel. The Grand Ducal officials Balck, Fabricius and Rötger from Güstrow reported on November 9, 1898 to the Grand Ducal Ministry of Finance in Schwerin: The result of this exposure was that such paintings are not on the walls of the choir and the ship and on the wooden ceiling of the ship, but probably point down to the spandrels on the only existing choir vault. These remains of images most likely date from the 13th century and are of great art-historical value, according to the master builder Raspe perhaps a higher value than those in Bellin . In the ordinary parish conference held yesterday in Lüdershagen, the parish priests informed have not shown any inclination to participate in the costs of the restoration.

Together with the Güstrow master builder Raspe, Prof. Schlie visited the vault paintings in the church in Lüdershagen on December 10, 1898. In his report of December 11, 1898 you can read: The result of this inspection is that we feel obliged to recommend the restoration of these paintings by a trained restorer like Krause - Rostock - Wismar - Waren. At the conference of the Grand Ducal Commission for the Preservation of Monuments on February 16, 1899 in Schwerin, the archivist Grotefund was recommended and accepted with further suggestions to restore the vault paintings. All Mecklenburg experts were present, such as the Geh. Senior building officer Daniel, archivist Grotefund, government councilor Schilck, master builder Hamann and Prof. Dr. Close The ducal visit of the regent Johann Albrecht on March 18, 1899 in Lüdershagen shows that the exposed paintings had to be historically very valuable . At 12 noon, Johann Albrecht appeared with his wife, Princess Elisabeth of Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach (1854–1908) , accompanied by the wing adjudicator von Rantzau and with Prof. Friedrich Schlie. In the church, they inspected the exposed images in the vault of the choir, the collapsed tower and the bells. From November 14, 1899 to December 9, 1899, the court decoration painter Krause zu Rostock and two assistants restored the paintings in the chancel and on December 20, 1899 the scaffolding was dismantled.

In 1988 the Institute for Monument Preservation in Schwerin was informed by volunteer monument preservationists from the Society for Monument Preservation from Güstrow about damage to the vault paintings caused by the leaky roof surfaces. However, it was only after the fall of the Wall that the ceiling beams, the roof structure and the roof covering could be secured, renovated and partially renewed.

Exterior

East gable with round arch frieze and group of three windows, 2014

The church is an overly elongated rectangular field stone building with a slightly indented square choir. On both sides of the nave there are four evenly distributed arched windows as well as a double window in the choir on the south wall and a group of three on the east gable. The towerless church has a gable roof with beaver tail covering .

After the western tower collapsed in 1776, its walls were only restored up to the height of the nave and the gable roof was extended to the west. The belfry has since been located on the ground floor behind the west gable. On the north and south sides there is an arched sound opening in the brick lining at the height of the nave window. The high, stepped, ogival main portal on the west gable has been walled up. Today you can reach the belfry through a simple side gate on the north wall . The irregular field stone masonry on the former tower area indicates that the destroyed tower was subsequently added to the nave.

After the internal restoration and the installation of the galleries from 1847, there were also changes to the outer walls. To access the gallery on the north side, ogival doors were broken into the north wall of the nave and the round-arched priest's gate was bricked up. The old sacristy in the north of the choir, which today serves as the winter church, has also been partially renewed and changed. At the south-east corner of the choir is a plastered crypt extension, in which three coffins of those from Levetzow auf Koppelow were placed in 1908 .

Interior

The interior of the church is, apart from the dissonances in the coloring of the various gallery parts in the nave and the strong additions to the medieval frescoes in the choir vault , in a relatively good condition. Today's neo-Gothic wooden furnishings in the nave, which were added after 1847, stand out visually from the vault paintings in the square choir . The choir, raised by three steps, and the sacristy annex , accessible through a round arched portal in its north wall , both have a domical vault , also called oven vault , without ribs or ridges. The nave and the choir are optically separated by a pointed triumphal arch. The slightly wider, but excessively elongated nave has a flat wooden beam ceiling. Its white-painted side walls are without any architectural structure, and a vaulting of the ceiling does not seem to have been intended. Also noteworthy is the design of the gallery supports made of graceful round iron rods with a kind of capital made of bent sheet metal noses at the top.

During the neo-Gothic redesign of the nave in the middle of the 19th century, all of the older furnishings were apparently destroyed. The gray-painted stalls with their striking side panels and the two elongated galleries on the side walls of the nave are new . The balustrade of these galleries has the same decoration as the cheeks of the stalls. The organ gallery on the west side was only erected in 1889, but it also shows neo-Gothic decorative elements such as pinnacles or crabs.

Altar and pulpit

According to the inventory drawn up by Pastor Friedrich Wilhelm Schleker in 1811, the altar at that time was not in good condition, but was surrounded by a lattice balustrade from 1702. The altar had an almost four meter high tower with a crucifixion relief and side panels that showed the twelve apostles and the relatives of Jesus in painting . On the predella there was a painted Last Supper and above the altarpiece there was a crucifix over a meter high. Today's neo-Gothic altar is decorated with a picture of a crucifixion. On May 8, 1702, Pastor Johannes Scheiner zu Lüdershagen gave Michael Zencker a cupboard with a carved inscription: Deses cupboard has worshiped H. Johannes Scheiner Pastor LUD u. Michael Zencker Anno 1702. Mrs. Marie Bahlmann, b. Jenetzky vom Hof Charlottenthal donated the altarpiece to the church on September 12, 1881. In 1882 Mrs. von Levetzow auf Koppelow gave the church a crucifix for the altar.

The pulpit from 1702 with Levetzow-Brömse`s alliance coat of arms was mentioned in 1901, in whose fields the paintings of Christ and the four Evangelists as well as Peter, Paul and John the Baptist were. Today this piece of furniture has disappeared, as has the wooden baptismal font and the confessional from 1668 with the painting from 1736. Today's pulpit is on the north side of the choir arch and has a simple, neo-Gothic parapet.

organ

There was no organ in the church for centuries. On August 20, Karl Georg Friedrich Bahlmann from the Charlottenthal court gave the church a harmonium. It was not until 1889 that a parapet organ (I / AP / 6) was manufactured by the Schwerin organ builder Friedrich Friese III and set up on the western organ gallery with his assistant Heideck from October 30th to November 4th, 1889 . The gaming table is on the southern gallery. The revision was carried out on November 18, 1889 by the music director Massmann from Wismar and the organ was consecrated on November 19, 1889 by the local pastor Dr. Wilhelm Schulz.

For armaments purposes of the First World War , the prospect pipes made of tin were removed in 1917. It was not until June 1926 that the organ builder Marcus Runge from Schwerin was able to install new organ pipes.

In 1979, when it was necessary to clean it, the organ builder Wolfgang Nußbücker from Plau also replaced the Octave 2 that had been lost.

Vault paintings

The most valuable jewelry in the church are the figurative frescoes in the choir vault around 1300. The Lüdershagen pastor Dr. Wilhelm Schulz already exposed the first parts on September 30, 1889 and dated the execution of the paintings to 1268, which Prof. Schlie describes in his report of December 6, 1898 to the Grand Ducal Commission for the Preservation of Monuments as a little bold, as the village of Lüdershagen was not mentioned in a document at that time. Originally they were obviously very high quality paintings, but obscured by the restoration. Influences of the Lower Saxony and Westphalian wall paintings, such as in the Hohnekirche in Soest and in the Church in Methler, are unmistakable.

On the east side, Christ is enthroned as judge of the world in the mandorla , surrounded by the symbols of the four evangelists, man, lion, bull and eagle. Three saints flank each side, now without attributes. On the west side a seraphim in adorant position. On the left under the Majestas Domini the Madonna Enthroned with the Child between a male and a female saint. These were not mentioned in the discovery protocol. On the west side above the choir arch an angel figure with four wings can be seen.

From July 4, 1898 to December 20, 1899, a restoration was carried out with a renewal of the colors and strong addition of the contours and the interior drawing. The two saints of the mandorla were made Peter and Paul through attributes. The restoration was carried out by the Rostock court decoration painter Krause. The painted brick framing of doors and windows as well as the gray painting of curtains in the lower wall zone of the chancel are certainly from this time.

Tombstone

The tombstone with the relief figure of the deceased Hans von Cölln on Groß Grabow has been on the north side of the choir in the church in Lüdershagen since July 15, 1930. Previously it was walled in on the outer south facade of the church. Born in 1515, he took part in the siege of Magdeburg in 1550 and died on March 17, 1580 in Groß Grabow. On the grave slab is a life-size knight in armor with folded hands, a sword to his right and a helmet to the left. Under the knight is the coat of arms of the von Cölln with the letters HVK. The only partially legible writing reads: Anno 1580 DEN 17 MAR IS DE EDLE ERENFESTE HANS V KOLLEN G ... GNEDICH SI ... SIN LEVENT. GEENDICH VN FREEZE.

Bells

Two bells hung in the west tower . The smaller bronze bell, cast in 1463, had the inscription: + o + rex. glorie + xpe + ve [n] i + cu [m] + pace + ( O King of Honor, Christ, come in peace ). Then follows a garland of vines, a leaf and a grape alternately. This decoration can also be found on the lower edge.

The second bell was younger, with the following inscription in large Latin letters: GODT IN HEAVEN AND VP EARTH I HETE GET ME IN MINEM NAME. I AM THE BEGINNING AND THE END IS ALLENS IN MINES. ROME. 8.IS GODT MIDT VNS WOL KAN WEDER VNS CHRISTOFFER V KOLLEN ADAMS SOHON 1607 IS PASTOR BEEN H. ADAM PVLLOW. Below is the ducal coat of arms of Mecklenburg with the inscription CH (coat of arms) ZM At the bottom it reads: PROPOSING HANS KIESER FOS GEHEL HEIDENRICK THE KOSTER HINRICH TESMER before and after these words a thick wreath, in the middle of which stands: JOCHIM PVLON, probably the name of the founder.

When the tower collapsed in October 1776, both bells must have broken. In the rest of the tower, which was then covered with a gable roof, there is still a bell today.

On June 12, 1894, the two old cracked bells were brought by the farmer Garnatz from Kirch Rosin from Lüdershagen to the railway in Hoppenrade and from there on to Wismar . Both bells were cast there by the court bell caster C. Oberg. On July 19, 1894, two new bells came by train to Hoppenrade and were driven through Garnatz to Lüdershagen. The new big bell had the inscription: HONOR TO GOD ON HEIGHT, the little bell is COMING, EVERYTHING IS READY! in addition the name of the pastor Dr. Schulz. On August 9, 1894, the state master builder Raspe from Güstrow took off both new bells. On August 19, 1894, the acceptance by Pastor Dr. Schulz.

graveyard

On the south side of the well-tended cemetery, near the choir, there is a grave slab of the Royal Danish Chamberlain Henning Friedrich Graf von Bassewitz , who was born on June 21, 1754 in Paris and died on December 24, 1829 in Lüdershagen.

local community

The Evangelical Lutheran parish Reinshagen comprises the districts of Gremmelin , Groß Grabow , Hoppenrade , Klein Grabow , Kölln , Lüdershagen with church, Nienhagen , Reinshagen with church, Schwiggerow , Striggow and Vietgest .

The Reinshagen parish belongs to the Rostock provost in the Mecklenburg parish of the Evangelical Lutheran Church in Northern Germany (Northern Church) .

Pastors

Names and years indicate the verifiable mention.

  • 1288–1302 Detlev Wackerbart
  • 1516–1534 Nicolaus Trebbow
  • 1534–1541 Johann Chelecampianus (Gehlsfeld), a learned, pious God-fearing preacher, also a pastor in Groß Grabow.
  • 1588-1590 Clausing
  • 1590-1612 Adam Pullow
  • 1622–1644 Christian Suderow, then went to Danzig .
  • 1644–1647 Erich Tiemendorf, also pastor in Groß Grabow.
  • 1647–1654 Balthasar Hüttenberger from Naumburg, also pastor in Lübsee.
  • 1655–1660 Johannes Häger from Neustadt in Holstein, also pastor in Groß Grabow.
  • 1661–1669 Samuel Lütkemann, previously eleven years in Berendshagen .
  • 1669–1695 Johann Curtum (Kortüm) from Lübsee.
  • 1695–1739 Johann Scheiner (Scheinert), also pastor in Groß Grabow.
  • 1739–1759 Johann Daniel Eichner, also pastor in Groß Grabow.
  • 1760–1778 Johann Friedrich Curtius. In 1766 the parsonage burned down, all parishes destroyed.
  • 1779–1807 Dietrich Andreas Gottvertrau Sickel, also pastor in Lübsee.
  • 1808–1834 Friedrich Wilhelm Peter Schlecker, also pastor in Lübsee.
  • 1835–1880 Alexander Ernst Friedrich Koch, also pastor in Lübsee.
  • 1881–1915 Dr. Wilhelm Georg Johannes Schulz, went to Schwerin.
  • 1915–1922 Wilhelm Heinrich Martin Lübbert, previously assistant preacher in Ziegendorf.
  • 1922– 0000Otto August Kröger, came from Dieskau near Halle.
  • 1954–1971 Joseph Alexander Siegfried Müller.
  • 2016- 0000Friederike Jäger

swell

Printed sources

Unprinted sources

  • State Main Archive Schwerin (LHAS)
    • LHAS 5.12-3 / 1 Mecklenburg-Schwerin Ministry of the Interior. No. 5175/1 Landgemeinde Hoppenrade, Kölln and Lüdershagen 1921–1950. No. 24427 Kirchsteig between Lüdershagen and Hoppenrade 1906–1908.
  • State Church Archives Schwerin (LKAS)
    • LKAS, OKR Specialia, Dept. 3. Lüdershagen, No. 001 Church and school paths in the parish 1877–1929. No. 036 Buildings and repairs in the church and on the parish of Lüdershagen 1825–1949. No. 038 Buildings and repairs to the church in Lüdershagen 1775–1822.
    • Parish archive Lüdershagen, history of the community, connections between Lübsee, Reinshagen and Lüdershagen 1766–1839, 1974.
    • Church book of Lüdershagen (copy, unpublished)
    • Architectural drawings and plans of church buildings, No. 001 Lüdershagen Grabkapelle 1883. No. 002 Lüdershagen Church, view, floor plan scale 1: 400, 1931.
  • State Office for Culture and Monument Preservation Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania (LAKD)
    • Dept. Landesdenkmalpflege, archive, file church Lüdershagen with report of the walk. Hofrat Prof. Friedrich Schlie on a church visit with the master builder Raspe on December 10, 1898 in Lüdershagen.

literature

  • Johann Ritter: The church in Lüdershagen near Güstrow. In: MJB. IX, 1844, pp. 453–454 (full text)
  • Werner Burmeister: Wall paintings in Mecklenburg until 1400. In: MJB. 89, 1925, pp. 229-320.
  • Heinrich Nickel: Lüdershagen district Güstrow, district Schwerin, village church. In: Medieval wall paintings in the GDR. Leipzig 1979, p. 115, 262-263.
  • ZEBI e. V., START e. V .: Village and town churches in the Güstrow parish. Bremen / Rostock 1997, ISBN 3-86108-443-0 , pp. 95-97.
  • Friedrich Schlie : The art and history monuments of the Grand Duchy of Mecklenburg-Schwerin. IV. Volume: The district court districts of Schwaan, Bützow, Sternberg, Güstrow, Krakow, Goldberg, Parchim, Lübz and Plau. Schwerin 1901. (Reprint: 1993, ISBN 3-910179-08-8 , pp. 327–331)
  • Georg Dehio : Handbook of the German art monuments, Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania. Munich / Berlin 2002, ISBN 3-422-03081-6 , p. 328.

Web links

Commons : Dorfkirche Lüdershagen (Hoppenrade)  - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ MUB III. (1865) No. 1964.
  2. ↑ MUB III. (1865) No. 1964.
  3. ↑ Wolf Lüdeke von Weltzien: The Mecklenburg von Cölln 1237-1660. 1989, p. 51.
  4. ^ Friedrich Schlie: The church village Lüdershagen. 1901, p. 327.
  5. ↑ MUB VI. (1870) No. 2795.
  6. ^ Friedrich Schlie: The church village Lüdershagen. 1901, p. 327.
  7. ↑ LaKD, acts Church Lüdershagen. Report of the officials in Güstrow dated November 9, 1898 regarding the religious buildings in Lüdershagen.
  8. ↑ LAKD, church file Lüdershagen, report of the Geh. Hofrat Prof. Friedrich Schlie visits church on December 10, 1898 with the master builder Raspe in Lüdershagen.
  9. ^ Extract from the church book of Lüdershagen.
  10. ↑ Georg Dehio: Lüdershagen, Gem. Hoppenrade, district Güstrow. 2000, p. 328.
  11. ^ Friedrich Schlie: The church village Lüdershagen. 1901, p. 330.
  12. ↑ Inventory list of the church in Lüdershagen from 1811.
  13. ^ Mecklenburgisches Orgelmuseum Malchow.
  14. ^ Letter from Pastor Dr. Johannes Schulz dated November 30, 1898 to Prof. Dr. Friedrich Schlie from the Grand Ducal Commission for the Preservation of Monuments in Schwerin.
  15. ^ Heinrich Nickel: Medieval wall paintings in the GDR. 1979, p. 108.
  16. ^ Werner Burmeister: Wall paintings in Mecklenburg. 1925, pp. 238-240.
  17. ^ Heinrich Nickel: Medieval wall paintings in the GDR. 1979, p. 262.
  18. ↑ Gerd Baier: The medieval wall and vault paintings in Mecklenburg. Dissertation. Leipzig 1958.
  19. ^ Heinrich Nickel: Medieval wall paintings in the GDR. 1979, fig. 67, p. 115.
  20. ↑ LaKD: Church in Lüdershagen. Mecklenburg-Schwerin Building Authority Güstrow, June 9, 1931.
  21. ↑ Johann Ritter: The church to Lüdershagen. MJB 9 (1844) p. 354.
  22. ^ Friedrich Schlie: The church village Lüdershagen. 1901, p. 330.
  23. ↑ Johann Ritter: The church to Lüdershagen. MJB 9 (1844) p. 454.
  24. ^ Friedrich Schlie: The church village Lüdershagen. 1901, pp. 327-329.
  25. ^ Gustav Willgeroth: The Meklenburg-Schwerin parish since the Thirty Years' War. Volume 2, 1925, p. 359.
  26. ↑ MUB III. (1865) No. 1864.
  27. ↑ MUB VI. (1870) No. 2795.
  28. ↑ Visit protocol 1541
  29. ↑ Name was on a small bell on the east gable, no longer there.
  30. ^ Friedrich Schlie: The church village Lüdershagen. 1901, p. 328.
  31. ^ LKAS, OKR Schwerin, Personalia and Examina M 167.

Coordinates: 53 ° 43 ′ 10.3 "  N , 12 ° 15 ′ 40.8"  E