Dreihausen (Ebsdorfergrund)

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Dreihausen
municipality Ebsdorfergrund
Coordinates: 50 ° 43 ′ 36 ″  N , 8 ° 51 ′ 24 ″  E
Height : 255 m above sea level NHN
Area : 7.13 km²
Residents : 1550
Population density : 217 inhabitants / km²
Incorporation : December 31, 1971
Postal code : 35085
Area code : 06424
Ev.-luth. church
Self-employed Ev.-luth. church

Dreihausen is a district of the municipality Ebsdorfergrund in the east of the central Hessian district of Marburg-Biedenkopf . Dreihausen is one of the main places of the Protestant Althessian Church .

Geographical location

The village borders on Nordeck , Winnen and Roßberg to the south , Rauischholzhausen to the east, Wittelsberg to the northeast , Ebsdorf to the northwest and Leidenhofen to the west .

and display information about the image
Town view from the south

history

The place originally consisted of three villages: Oberhausen and Niederhausen were independent until 1577; Mittelhausen was added later. It was first mentioned in a document around 1130 under the name Husun ​​et Husun . Further mentions followed in 1374 as Obernhusin and Niederhusin , 1577 as Obern-, Mittel-, Niddernhausen in 1708 and 1710 as Oberhausen, Hausen, Niederhausen and in 1812 for the first time as Dreihausen.

Territorial reform

On December 31, 1971, as part of the regional reform in Hesse, the new municipality of Ebsdorfergrund was founded from the previously independent municipalities of Dreihausen and Heskem.

Dreihäuser stoneware

Dreihausen was a very poor village that was burdened with very high taxes. Since it was not possible to live on the small farms alone, one had to look for a sideline. In many cases this was the pottery trade , which spread in the area as early as the 13th century, as rich and rich clay deposits were available in the Dreihausen district. The Dreihäuser clay was of very good quality and could be burned at high temperatures, which enabled the production of stoneware . Even today, "Dreihäuser Steinzeug" is a technical term for an entire ceramic group , even if it was not made in Dreihausen. After the heyday of the pottery trade, the number of potters in the village fell significantly due to the emergence of enamel dishes .

Other professional groups

Other well-represented professional groups were those of stone judges and pavers; this goes back to the basalt foothills of the Vogelsberg , which made it possible to work in the quarry. The pavers from the Ebsdorfergrund worked beyond the borders of Germany, u. a. in Paris. A large plant still enables basalt to be extracted in Dreihausen today (see below).

Dreihausen courtyards

The Höfe von Dreihausen , an early medieval fortification from the Carolingian era, which was probably built between the second half of the 8th and the second half of the 11th century, is also historically interesting and significant . This facility, consisting of a lower and an upper castle, extends over an area of ​​approximately two hectares. The remains of a stone house and a round church with a north apse were found in the upper castle . Elaborate painting and the discovery of a small piece of porphyry , green marble from Laconia , suggest that the residents must have been a small group of privileged people.

Territorial history and administration

The following list gives an overview of the territories and administrative units to which Dreihausen was subordinate:

Courts since 1821

With an edict of June 29, 1821, administration and justice were separated in Kurhessen. Now judicial offices were responsible for the first instance jurisdiction, the administration was taken over by the districts. In Marburg, the district of Marburg was set up for administration and the Marburg district court was the first-instance court responsible for Dreihausen. In 1850 the regional court was renamed the Marburg Justice Office. The Supreme Court was the Higher Appeal Court in Kassel . The higher court of Marburg was subordinate to the province of Upper Hesse. It was the second instance for the judicial offices. With the law on the reorganization of lower court districts of July 13, 1833, Dreihausen was assigned to the Treis an der Lumda justice office .

After the annexation of Kurhessen by Prussia, Treis was ceded to the Grand Duchy of Hesse through an area swap , Dreihausen was added to the Marburg Justice Office, which has now become the Royal Prussian District Court of Marburg . In June 1867, a royal ordinance was issued that reorganized the court system in the areas that belonged to the former Electorate of Hesse. The previous judicial authorities were to be repealed and replaced by local courts in the first, district courts in the second and an appeal court in the third instance. In the course of this, on September 1, 1867, the previous judicial office was renamed the Marburg District Court. The courts of the higher authorities were the Marburg District Court and the Kassel Court of Appeal .

With the entry into force of the Courts Constitution Act of 1879, the district court continued to exist under his name. In the Federal Republic of Germany, the superordinate instances are the Marburg Regional Court , the Frankfurt am Main Higher Regional Court and the Federal Court of Justice as the last instance.

Population development

Occupied population figures up to 1967 are:

Oberhausen
1467: 15 house seats
1577: 23 house seats
1681: 341 inhabitants
1778: 1 bricklayer, 2 turners, 2 tailors, 5 linen weavers, 1 bricklayer, 13 potters, 4 day laborers.
Niederhausen
1467: 7 house seats
1577: 26 house seats
1681: 20 home-seated teams
1778: 138 inhabitants. Labor force: 1 miller, 1 blacksmith, 3 tailors, 2 linen weavers.
1885: 259 inhabitants
Mittelhausen
1577: 24 house seats
1681: 13 home-seated teams
1778: 115 inhabitants. Labor force: 1 blacksmith, 1 carpenter, 3 bricklayers, 1 linen weaver, 1 tailor, 16 potters, 2 day laborers.
1885: 333 inhabitants
Dreihausen
1630: (Ober-, Nieder- and Mittelhausen): 1 Freihof, 3 four-in-hand, 5 three-in-hand, 2 two-in-hand, 1 single-horse farm workers, 41 single-horse  men . 8 widows, 5 of them without a household.
1812/13: 575 inhabitants
1838: 764 inhabitants (66 local residents who are entitled to use, 44 residents who are not entitled to use, 10  residents ). Families: 47 agriculture, 52 trades, 18 day laborers.
1861: 874 Evangelical Lutheran residents, 31 members of dissenting sects
1961: 1192 Protestant, 82 Roman Catholic residents. Labor force: 212 agriculture and forestry, 254 manufacturing, 73 trade and transport, 77 services and other.
Dreihausen: Population from 1834 to 1967
year     Residents
1834
  
 758
1840
  
 827
1846
  
 815
1852
  
 906
1858
  
 894
1864
  
 921
1871
  
 856
1875
  
 872
1885
  
 933
1895
  
 917
1905
  
 907
1910
  
 969
1925
  
 1,070
1939
  
 1,136
1946
  
 1,467
1950
  
 1,484
1956
  
 1,353
1961
  
 1,282
1967
  
 1,270
Data source: Historical municipality register for Hesse: The population of the municipalities from 1834 to 1967. Wiesbaden: Hessisches Statistisches Landesamt, 1968.

coat of arms

The municipal coat of arms is also the village coat of arms, it shows a red crenellated tower in a golden shield on a green three mountain topped with the Hessian shield. The coat of arms depicts the medieval Wittelsberger Warte , which the Hessian landgraves used to monitor traffic on the road through the Ebsdorfergrund between Mainz areas.

Economy and Infrastructure

Civic Center
primary school
Transport links

Dreihausen is easily accessible via Heskem , Roßberg and Leidenhofen , for example if you turn off the L3048 at the roundabout near Heskem. From 1905 to 1972 the station in the village was the terminus of the Marburger Kreisbahn . The public transport according Marburg operates the line MR 86th

Medical supplies

Basic medical and health care is guaranteed in Dreihausen. There are, among other things, a general medical group practice , a dental surgery , physiotherapy physiotherapy -Praxis, a medical practitioner -Praxis and a pharmacy.

retail trade

In Dreihausen you can buy everyday goods without any problems. A full-range supermarket, a beverage market, an organic specialist market, two bakery branches, a butcher's shop and a pharmacy are available for this area. In addition, there are a few scattered specialist shops in Dreihausen.

The "biscuit factory"

In 1971, the company of the same name built a large production hall for baked goods in what was then Drei-Pauly-Weg. This factory was founded in 2006 by the South Tyrolean company Dr. Bought Schär . Until the end of 2009, the Drei-Pauly shop was operated in a small sales area of ​​the building, where there was a direct factory sale until 2006 and 3-Pauly products continued to be sold for three years. The company Dr. Schär produces gluten-free food and set up its German location there, whereupon the street at the factory was renamed Simmersweg.

Seidel

A Seidel GmbH + Co. KG plant is located in Dreihausen.

Hard basalt
Basaltwork nickel

The impressive hard basalt plant of Johannes Nickel GmbH & Co. KG is located on the northern outskirts of Dreihausen. The work and blasting has created a remarkable crater landscape over the last few decades.

Public facilities

  • Municipal administration, with numerous offices for the entire Ebsdorfergrund
  • primary school
  • Kindergarten and crèche
  • Branch of Raiffeisenbank eG Ebsdorfergrund, Sparkasse branch, postal agency
  • Museum “Wenze Ställche” of the working group Dorfgeschichte Dreihausen e. V. There is a permanent exhibition on the history of the village and changing special exhibitions on various topics.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d Dreihausen, Marburg-Biedenkopf district. Historical local dictionary for Hessen. (As of February 10, 2017). In: Landesgeschichtliches Informationssystem Hessen (LAGIS).
  2. ↑ The district on the website of the municipality of Ebsdorfergrund , accessed in August 2015
  3. ^ Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality directory for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer GmbH, Stuttgart and Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 403 .
  4. ^ Michael Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. State of Hesse. (Online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006).
  5. ^ Georg Landau: Description of the Electorate of Hesse . T. Fischer, Kassel 1842, p. 387 ( online at HathiTrust's digital library ).
  6. ↑ The affiliation of the office Treis an der Lumbde based on maps from the Historical Atlas of Hessen : Hessen-Marburg 1567–1604 . , Hessen-Kassel and Hessen-Darmstadt 1604–1638 . and Hessen-Darmstadt 1567–1866 .
  7. ^ Kur-Hessischer Staats- und Adress-Kalender: 1818 . Publishing house d. Orphanage, Kassel 1818, p.  121–123 ( online at Google Books ).
  8. ↑ Ordinance of August 30th, 1821, concerning the new division of the area , Annex: Overview of the new division of the Electorate of Hesse according to provinces, districts and judicial districts. Collection of laws etc. for the Electoral Hesse states. Year 1821 - No. XV. - August., ( Kurhess GS 1821) pp. 223-224
  9. ↑ Latest news from Meklenburg / Kur-Hessen, Hessen-Darmstadt and the free cities, edited from the best sources. in the publishing house of the GHG privil. Landes-Industrie-Comptouts., Weimar 1823, p.  158 ff . ( online at HathiTrust's digital library ).
  10. ↑ KurhessGesSamml. 1833, p. 129 ( online )
  11. ↑ Ordinance on the constitution of the courts in the former Electorate of Hesse and the formerly Royal Bavarian territories with the exclusion of the enclave Kaulsdorf from June 19, 1867. ( PrGS 1867, pp. 1085-1094 )
  12. ↑ Order of August 7, 1867, regarding the establishment of the according to the Most High Ordinance of June 19 of this year. J. in the former Electorate of Hesse and the formerly Royal Bavarian territorial parts with the exclusion of the enclave Kaulsdorf, courts to be formed ( Pr. JMBl. Pp. 221–224 )

Web links

Commons : Dreihausen  - Collection of images, videos and audio files